• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.2122-2136
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• 2010

Existing model formula in the 4 phase model is limited in the estimation of the demand for urban railway because the administrative region-based formula reflects no spatial characteristics of station surrounding area(SSA) that urban railway forms. The purpose of this study is both to analyse the behavior in selecting the method regarding spatial range of SSA and to do the basic research for the development of new model through the survey conducted in the stations of the metropolitan area. This study will review the domestic and foreign cases about designation of SSA, study the spatial range of SSA through case studies, analyze the selection of methods by the spatial range and estimate the demand of the station on the basis of social and economic indices regarding SSA. This study focuses on the verification of real results and model estimates, due to the time constraint and lack of resources for collecting and analysing the data. According to this study, 500m,1000m division of SSA shows the closest results of the model estimates to the real demand of the targeted stations.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2006.11b
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• pp.1178-1183
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• 2006

This paper describes the plans of considering the environmental influences in the preliminary feasibility investigation of railroad work. Because the cost-benefit analysis method about the environmental costs by air pollution and traffic noise is mainly applied in preliminary feasibility investigation, not only the verification in the calculation method of these environmental costs but also the consideration in the environmental costs of the topographical damage and the ecosystem extinction by railroad work is needed. The environment-friendly plans in choosing the locations of the railroad route and station are also suggested, and they include (1) consideration of environment protection area, residential zone, and region with scenic beauty, (2) application of the existing railroad route and station, and (3) railroad route parallel to another traffic facility.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.1201-1207
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• 2010

As the mobile services have been increased, the PIMD(Passive Inter-Modulation Distortion) as well as the active-IMD of the CDMA system should be considered for the design of base station antenna systems, because they have an interference of the neighboring base stations. In this paper, in order to reduce the nonlinearity of current caused by the local point contact, we have investigated an influence of the combination of nuts, contact torque(kgf.cm), and the contact area on the PIMD. We propose the improvement techniques of PIMD by investigating the effects of the distance of nuts, the contact area, and the type of nuts.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.505-513
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• 1995

The major factors affecting productivity on daily farms in Queensland, Australia, were determined using the stepwise linear regression approach. The data were obtained from a survey conducted on the total population of daily farms in Queensland in 1987. These data were divided into six major dailying regions. The technique was applied using 12 independent variables believed by a panel of experienced research and extension personnel to exert the most influence on milk production. The regression equations were all significant (p < 0.001) with the percentage coefficients of determination ranging from 62 to 76% for equations developed using' total farm milk: production as the dependent variable. Three of the variables affecting total farm milk: production were found to be common to all six regions. These were; the amount of supplementary energy fed, the area set aside to irrigate winter feed and the size of the area used for dailying. Higher production farms appeared to be more efficient in that they consistently produced milk production levels higher than those estimated from the regression equation for their region. Other methods of analysis including robust regression and non linear regression techniques were unsuccessful in overcoming this problem and allowing development of a model appropriate for farms at all levels of production.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.98-103
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• 2010

There should be a need for measures to build up environmentally friendly transport system with new town for residence being built near metropolitan area. In order to promote the development of station influence area, convenience for public transport users and LRT(Light Rail Transit) construction, request for the speed improvement of urban transit is on the rise for easy access to the metropolitan area. This paper delves into the efficient operation of high speed train suitable for passenger demand estimates, and seeks to ensure integrated transportation system with subway Line 9 following the construction of Gimpo urban railway.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.251-254
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• 2006

A precise real-time method of using the IGS ultra rapid products (IGU) and the GPS broadcast ephemeris to calculate the VRS orbit corrections was presented here which was suited for GPS/VRS reference station network based positioning. Test data acquired from both the SGRSN (Sichuan GPS Reference Station Network) and SCIGN (Southern California integrated GPS network) were used to evaluate the performance of the modeling techniques. The new method was proven to be more precise and reliable compared with the existing conventional network-based orbit error interpolation method. It was shown that 0.004ppm relative accuracy was reached, namely the influence from the orbit bias for the RTK positioning within 100km area can be of sub-millimeter level.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.152-152
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• 2019

This study demonstrates a novel approach of remotely sensed estimates of stream flow at fifteen hydrological station in the Han River Basin, Korea. Multi-temporal data of the European Space Agency's Sentinel-1 SAR satellite from 19 January, 2015 to 25 August, 2018 is used to develop and validate the flow estimation model for each station. The flow estimation model is based on a power law relationship established between the remotely sensed surface area of water at a selected reach of the stream and the observed discharge. The satellite images were pre-processed for thermal noise, radiometric, speckle and terrain correction. The difference in SAR image brightness caused by the differences in SAR satellite look angle and atmospheric condition are corrected using the histogram matching technique. Selective area filtering is applied to identify the extent of the selected stream reach where the change in water surface area is highly sensitive to the change in stream discharge. Following this, an iterative procedure called the Optimum Threshold Classification Algorithm (OTC) is applied to the multi-temporal selective areas to extract a series of water surface areas. It is observed that the extracted water surface area and the stream discharge are related by the power law equation. A strong correlation coefficient ranging from 0.68 to 0.98 (mean=0.89) was observed for thirteen hydrological stations, while at two stations the relationship was highly affected by the hydraulic structures such as dam. It is further identified that the availability of remotely sensed data for a range of discharge conditions and the geometric properties of the selected stream reach such as the stream width and side slope influence the accuracy of the flow estimation model.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.647-662
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• 2015

This study analyzes the factors that influence the number of public transportation passengers. By comparing the major TOD planning elements such as mixed-use level, job-housing proximity level, comparison of the density and pure density in the 66-autonomous city townships through a comparison such as TOD plan element achievements and indicators are chosen. A model is derived by correlation analysis and regression analysis of the parameters. The result of the regression analysis of the station influence area (SIA) in Incheon, the parameters that effect the number of passengers of public transportation are the number of employees, population, number of bus stops in the SIA, and the distance between the bus stop and the subway entrance. Therefore, as the number of employees and the resident population increase, the volume of traffic increases. Also, the number of public transportation users increases when there are more bus stops and when the distance between the bus stop and the subway entrance is short. This study shows that subways and SIA has achieved many parts of the TOD in Incheon, because the SIA around 29 subways and 11 Seoul-Incheon trail stations already included important TOD planning elements.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 1977

The monthly distribution of marine bacteria in the coastal waters of Chung-Mu was investigated from April, 1976 to March, 1977. The aim of this study was to obtain basic data for the prevention of food poisoning and for the efficient aquaculture of the area. Samples of sea water, mud, fish and shell fish were taken every month. The results are as follows: 1. One thousand four hundred and twenty-six strains were isolated from 732 samples of sea water, mud, fish and shell fish. They were 450 strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens, 422 strains of Achromobacter liquefacience, 72 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, 234 strain of Vibrio alginolyticus, and 248 strains of Proteus vulgaris. 2. V. parahaemolyticus occupied $9.84\%$ of the total samples and $52\%$ of them were found in the sea water and mud. 3. The muds sampled districtly beneath the aquaculture raft contained much gas. They seemed to originate from the deposition of excretion of shell fish. The fatness of the shell fish was low where the gas was abundant. 4. It was .found that the shell fish with low fatness contained much Vibrio sp. 5. Regional distribution shows that marine bacteria were abundant in the order of station 10, 9, 8, 11, 1. The area around station 9 was polluted by reclamation of the area, and station 8 showed the influence of the excrement treat tank located nearly.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.531-538
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• 2011

This study was carried out to investigate the influence of defoliation by Marssonina blotch (Diplocarpon mali Harada et Sawamura) on vegetative growth and fruit quality in 'Fuji'/M.9 apple tree. Soluble solid contents decreased when the defoliation percentage by Marssonina blotch was over 10% before the end of September, and fruit weight decreased when percentage of defoliation was over 30%. Fruit red color and starch contents tend to decrease as percentage of defoliation near the fruit increased. Return bloom, fruit weight, and shoot growth the following year tend to decrease as percentage of defoliation increased. Photosynthetic rate of healthy leaves in bourse shoot during the end of September was maintained about $10{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$, effects in increasing fruit growth and soluble solid contents after the end of September. Photosynthetic rates for the damaged leaf, damaged area was over 50% on the leaf surface, while 30% of the photosynthetic rates of healthy leaf are without damage applied with Marssonina blotch at the end of September. The results show that the decrease of fruit quality in defoliation treatments may be caused by the decrease of starch contents in fruit, and that was caused by the photosynthetic rates of leaves near fruit was decreased by Marssonina blotch in the wake of August.