• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2014

Purpose: This study examined the effect of trunk stabilization exercise upon the lumbar stabilization and foot pressure on an unstable surface with back pain. Methods: The subjects of the study were 10 patients who showed the symptom of back pain with excessive lumbar curve. This study was 4 weeks, 30 minutes per session, three times a week for a total of 12 times as a result of exercise radiation imaging device and foot pressure analyzer. Results: The sacrohorizontal angle was statistically significant(p<0.05). Comparison of the difference between static right and left foot pressure ratio analysis was statistically significant(p<0.05). Dynamic right and left foot pressure comparisons for the difference was statistically significant in the analysis (p<0.05). Conclusion: Trunk stabilization exercise and the reduction of the excessive sacrohorizontal angle, and static and dynamic foot pressure imbalance reduced left and right.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.33-40
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• 2009

Purpose: This study examined the effects of a virtual reality-based exercise program on the functional recovery of balance and gait in chronic stroke subjects. Methods: A total of 42 chronic stroke patients were enrolled in this study. The participants were allocated randomly to 2 groups: a VR (n=22) and control group (n=20). Both groups received treadmill training for 3 sessions (10 minutes each), 30 minutes per week over a 6 week period. The VR group practiced additional virtual reality programs consisting of 3 programs for 10 minutes each. The data was analyzed using a paired t-test and independent t-test to determine the statistical significance. Results: The virtual reality-based exercise group showed significant increases in gait velocity, cadence and stride length compared to the control group (p<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in static balance. Conclusion: These results support the perceived benefits of exercise programs that incorporate virtual reality to augment the balance and ambulation of stroke patients. Therefore, virtual reality is feasible and suitable for stroke patients

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.63-66
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to examine the effects of exercise-induced fatigue of the plantar flexor muscle in the dominant ankle on the plantar flexor strength and postural control function of the contra-lateral side. Methods: Twenty-one young adults (male: 10, female: 11) volunteered to participate in this study. An exercise-induced fatigue protocol to induce fatigue was performed in the plantar flexor of the dominant ankle. For the fatigue protocol, the participants were instructed to raise their heels as high as possible in the position with one leg stance of the dominant lower limb, and the heel was then downed after holding for 1 second. The muscle strength of the contra-lateral plantar flexor was measured using a digital muscle strength test device, and the static and dynamic postural control were tested by acquiring the center of gravity velocity while performing one leg standing. A paired t-test was used to identify the differences between the pre- and post, and the data were analyzed using SPSS 12.0 software. Results: Comparison of the pre- and post-test data revealed a significant difference in the plantar flexor strength and dynamic postural control after exercise-induced muscle fatigue in the dominant side. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in the static postural control. Conclusion: These findings have practical implications, suggesting that unilateral muscle fatigue affects the ankle muscle strength and postural ability of the contralateral side.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.128-136
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• 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an 8-week closed kinetic chain typed Reformer and Chair Pilates exercise on static and dynamic lower limb alignment for healthy female adults. Method: Ten healthy young female adults without musculoskeletal injury history in last 6 months (Age: 29.3 ± 3.5 yrs., Height: 165 ± 3.4 cm, Body mass: 58.2 ± 5.4 kg) participated in this study. All participants asked to join the 8-week closed kinetic chain typed Reformer and Chair Pilates exercise, and the program was conducted for 60 minutes twice a week. Participants were asked to be measure a static Q-angle and performed free squat one week before and after the program. A 3-D motion analysis with 8 infrared cameras and 5 channels of EMG was executed in this study. The effectiveness of the training was evaluated by paired t-test, and the significance level was set at .05. Results: A significantly decreased in internal rotation angles was found at hip joint during free squat after the training. Also, significantly decreased in lateral rotation angles were found at knee and ankle joint during free squat after training. Finally, significantly decreased in muscle activations were found at adductor longus and peroneus longus during free squat after training. Conclusion: From results of our study, it is concluded that an 8-week closed kinetic chain typed Pilates exercise positively effect on lower limb alignment during dynamic movement.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.75-84
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• 2018

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to determine the effects of whole-body tilt exercise with visual feedback on trunk control, strength, and balance in patients with acute stroke. METHODS: The study included 18 patients with acute stroke who were randomly allocated to a Whole Body Tilt Exercise Group (WBTEG, N=9) and a General Trunk Exercise Group (GTEG, N=9). The WBTEG conducted whole-body tilt exercises with visual feedback, and the GTEG performed general trunk exercises. Both groups performed the exercises five times a week for 4 weeks. Outcomes were assessed using the trunk impairment scale (TIS), the trunk flexor and extensor strength test, the static balance test, and the Brunel Balance Assessment. RESULTS: After 4 weeks of intervention, both groups showed significantly improved TIS scores, muscle strength, and balance components (p<.05 in both groups). However, the improvement in TIS, muscle strength, and static balance in the WBTEG was significantly better than that in the GTEG (p<.05). CONCLUSION: Although both groups in this study showed post-intervention improvement, patients from the WBTEG who received visual feedback demonstrated more improvement. These findings indicate that whole-body tilt exercise with visual feedback may be effective at improving trunk control, trunk muscle strength, and balance in patients with acute stroke. Further studies are needed to gain a better understanding of the effectiveness of whole-body tilt exercise in patients with acute stroke.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Neurotherapy
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.19-23
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• 2018

Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of balance ability by performing closed chain exercise on stable support surface and unstable support surface in twenties. Methods This study randomly selected 15 students in the closed chain exercise group on the stable support side and 15 on the closed chain exercise group on the unstable support side. Balance ability was measured before and after the start of exercise and static balance was measured by OLT(One Leg Standing Test) and FRT (Functional Reach Test). Result The changes of the function reach test of the closed chain movement according to the ground type were significant in the unstable and stable support surfaces and the change of function reach test after the intervention in the two groups was significantly improved compared with the closed chain movement respectively. The one leg standing test changes of the closed chain movement according to the ground type showed significant results on the unstable and stable support surfaces, but there was no significant difference in the one leg standing test changes after intervention between the two groups. Conclusion The effect of closed chain training on ground type is unstable. The change of function reach test and one leg standing test of the closed chain exercise group on the stable support surface resulted in significant changes after exercise, but there was a significant difference in the balance ability of function reach test change after intervention between the groups.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.9-14
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• 2013

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of visual Auditory rhythmic stimulation(VARS) in gait ability and proprioception with chronic stroke patients. Twenty-one persons after six months post stroke participated in pre test-post test control. Method : The subjects were randomly assigned to a visual Auditory rhythmic stimulation(VARS) group (n=10) and control group (n=11). Training process was practiced with exercise on thirty minutes a day, three days a week for four weeks. To find out the effect, inspected the FRT(functional reach test) by static balance and TUG(timed up and go test) by dynamic balance. Results : In static balance, FRT distance was significantly different between two group. In dynamic balance, TUG time was significantly different between two group. This study showed that the VARS training increase a balance by postural adjustment of chronic stroke patients more than control group. And so, the VARS training of hemiplegic patients was very important to successive rehabilitation. Conclusion : A continuous examination of VARS training could practical used of physical therapy with exercise.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 2014

Objective: We developed a Motor-Assisted Rowing Machine (MARM) for Spinal Cord Injury (SCI), by modification of the Concept II rowing machine, so that the seats could be operated automatically in a backward and forward direction by a motor. Design: Case report. Methods: Motor rowing consisted of a chair with inclination control, a motor system, control button, monitor, program, leg supporter, safety belt, and seat. The patients were 2 men rowing athletes with SCI, classified as American Spinal Injury Association class B, participated in the study. Level of thoracic injury ranged from T8 to T10. The subjects rowed at a self-selected stroke rate with 50 watts. Two different rowing methods (static rowing without movement of the seat, dynamic rowing using MARM) were assigned to each participant during 10 minutes; 34 reflective markers were attached to their full bodies. Kinematic data were collected using the Vicon motion analysis system. Based on the full body model provided as a default by the equipment. In the rowing exercise, the rowing motions were divided into Drive Phase and Recovery Phase. Results: The two rowing methods differ in handle range, seat range, handle and seat ratio, handle velocity, and seat velocity during static and dynamic rowing. The rowing exercise using a rowing machine developed MARM increased tendency to the range of motion in the dynamic method compared to the static method. Conclusions: The newly developed MARM could be a useful whole body exercise for people with SCI.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.335-339
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• 2022

The purpose of this research was to investigate the comparison of core muscle activities according to different performance in static Plank exercise. Ten "J" University's males(age, 23.20±0.65 years; height, 174.54±1.51 cm; body mass, 70.00±2.24 kg; and BMI, 22.94±0.51 kg/m²) completed this study as the subjects. Four type's static Plank motions were performed(full Plank, FP; elbow Plank, EP; side Plank, SP; reverse Plank, RP). For the EMG analysis, we measured the core muscle activities of right side on the rectus abdominis(RA), external oblique(EO), latissimus dorsi(LD), and erector spinae(ES). This research's results were as follows. LD and ES muscle activities were greatest during RP(p<.001). RA and EO muscle activities were greatest during EP(p<.001). Therefore, this results are anticipated to serve as basic data for static Plank performance applications in effective exercise programs.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1128-1134
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of two trunk stability exercise types on the gait factors of stroke patients. We randomly divided 24 old elderly patients with hemiplegia, who were hospitalized due to stroke, into a two groups, each with its own six-week exercise program: one that used of a dynamic trunk stability exercise using with physio-balls(n=12) and a group of one that used a static trunk stability exercise using on mats(n=12). After measuring the participants gait ability a sin a pre-test, we again measured their ability again as in a posttest after two-for both types of six-week exercise programs for each group. The analysis of the data analysis showed that both ball and mat exercise programs significantly improved the participants' gait velocity and stride length; cadence, however, was significantly changed only by the ball exercise program. In conclusion, both types of trunk stability exercise may be useful in improving the gait ability of stroke patients, and, in particular, the former can be used as an exercise method that effectively significantly affects more various other gait factors.