• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제17권1_2호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate trunk and gluteal muscle activation during one-leg standing or two-leg standing with lumbar stabilizing taping using non-elastic tape. Method: The subjects of this study were twenty subjects(man=11, women=9) who be in good physical health and have not problem to back muscle and one leg standing. The surface electromyographic(EMG) data were recorded on external oblique(EO), gluteus medius(GMed), gluteus maximus(GMax), quadratus lumborum(QL) while pre- and post-lumbar stabilizing taping in two-leg standing and one-leg standing. The analysis of data was performed using the paired samples t-test to compare the difference of EMG activity of pre and post lumbar stabilizing taping. Result: Contrast of pre-lumbar stabilizing taping the muscle activity of QL in post-lumbar stabilizing taping is significant decrease on two-leg standing posture(p<.05), and the muscle activity of GMed is significant increase on one-leg standing posture(p<.05). Thus, we suggest that lumbar stabilizing taping using by functional tape will be able to affect on lumbar stability and gluteal muscle retraining.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the kinematic characteristics and muscle activities during the following two conditions: transition from half-kneel to standing on the affected leg and non-affected leg. Methods: Twenty-one hemiplegic patients participated in the study. A motion analysis system was used to record the range of motion and angle velocity of the hip, knee and ankle from the half-kneel to the standing position. Electromyography was used to record the activity of 4 muscles. Results: The statistical analysis showed that the minimum ROM of the hip joint was less on the affected leg during transition from half-kneel to standing. However, the minimum ROM of the knee and ankle joints was less on the non-affected leg during transition from half-kneel to standing. The angle velocity of the knee and ankle joints was less during transition from half kneeling to standing on the non-affected leg. Muscle activity of the rectus femoris and tibialis anterior was less while moving from half-kneel to the standing position on the affected leg. Conclusion: These results show that greater active ROM of the knee and ankle was required on the affected leg for transition from half-kneel to the standing position than for normal gait. Muscle activity of the rectus femoris and tibialis anterior is normally required for movement from the half-kneel to the standing position during normal gait. Further studies are needed to investigate the antigravity movement in healthy subjects and hemiplegic patients in order to completely understand the normal and abnormal movement from the half-kneel to the standing position.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.48-52
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• 2023

Purpose: This study was undertaken to determine whether the position of cane use affects the distribution of weight-bearing on both feet of children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy in a standing posture. Methods: Twenty participants with cerebral palsy were recruited as volunteers for this study. Using the Zebris FDM-System, weight-bearing distribution according to the method of using a cane was measured under three conditions in randomized order: (1) standing unaided (no cane); (2) standing with the affected side using the cane; and (3) standing with the non-affected side using the cane. The cane was matched by measuring length-from-floor to the greater trochanter of the subject, and was placed 15 cm outward from the little toe on the supporting side. Results: Evaluating the method of using a cane under the three conditions, we determined that pressure of the foot on the affected side was higher in the order: standing with affected side using cane > standing unaided (no cane) > standing with non-affected side using cane (p<0.05). In the post-hoc analysis, a significant difference was observed between (i) standing unaided (no cane) and standing with the affected side using cane, and (ii) standing with affected side using cane and standing with non-affected side using cane (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study suggests that induced weight-bearing methods using a cane on the affected side could increase the weight-bearing capacity on the affected side in children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy, which will have a positive effect on reducing asymmetry weight support.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to compare the body alignment during standing on level and wedge board. Twenty healthy college students (8 females, 12 males) were evaluated in this study. Diagnostic contourline potographic imaging system (Model JTC-1, Jodang Trading Co.) was used to measure body alignment. Sagittal and frontal plane images were used to analyze the body alignment. The result showed that the cervical and lumbar lordotic curve significantly decreased during standing on wedge board when compared with standing on level. On the other hand, thoracic kyphosis significantly increased during standing on wedge board. There was no significant difference in body alignment according to gender, weight, and height. Clinically, patients with low back pain and severe lordosis may be affected by heel wedge. Further study is needed to identify whether the standing on wedge board can change the body alignment in patients with low back pain and spinal deformity.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.139-146
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• 2010

Recent studies suggest that prolonged standing at work is associated with varicose veins (VV). The objective of this study was to analyze the differences of VV risk in terms of work types in casino dealers and hotel service workers. Symptoms of VV were evaluated using a self-reported questionnaire from 2,092 participants, and muscle fatigue in the lower legs were evaluated using surface electromyography. The shift rate of median frequency in Gastrocnemius was -30.0% among the casino dealers working in prolonged static standing posture, and - 14.3% among the casino dealers sitting during working time. After adjusting age, gender, smoking, and family history of VV, the risk ratio of VV was 3.67(95% CI 2.03-6.59) in group I (prolonged standing and occasional walking at work), 6.29(95% CI 3.48-11.35) in group II (prolonged standing, occasional walking and heavy lifting at work), and 8.07(95% CI 4.51-14.43) in groupIII(prolonged static standing at work). In conclusion, prolonged standing at work may be a work related risk factor of VV.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.4326-4333
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• 2012

새만금 방조제 건설기간에 해당하는 2001년부터 2010년까지 10년간 새만금 수역에서 식물플랑크톤 현존량을 조사하였다. 식물플랑크톤 현존량은 조사 시기 및 조사 정점에 따라 57 - 85,219 cells/ml의 큰 변화를 보였다. 새만금호 내부 수역은 담수 및 해수의 유입량 변화와 계절변화에 기인하여 식물플랑크톤 현존량이 시공간적으로 변화하였다. 한편, 담수 정점들은 상시적으로 높은 현존량이 기록되어 녹조발생이 잦았으나 방조제 밖 해수역의 현존량은 보편적 범위에 있어왔다. 장기적 관점에서 방조제 물막이 공사 완공(2006년 4월)을 전후하여 비교할 때 식물플랑크톤 현존량의 큰 변화는 나타나지 않았다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2010

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of lumbar stabilization on both trunk and lower limb muscle activity and center of pressure (COP) in single leg standing. Surface electromyography (EMG) was used to collect muscle activity data, the mean velocity of COP was measured using a force plate, and a pressure biofeedback unit was used for lumbar stabilization training. The findings of this study are summarized as follows: 1) The EMG activity of the erector spinae decreased significantly and the activity of the rectus abdominis, internal oblique, external oblique, gluteus maximus, and gluteus medius increased significantly with lumbar stabilization single leg standing. 2) No differences in activity in the tibialis anterior, medial gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, and medial hamstrings were found with single leg standing. 3) The mean velocity of COP in the antero-posterior and medio-lateral directions in the lumbar stabilization single leg standing decreased significantly compared with the preferred single leg standing. The findings of this study therefore indicate that lumbar stabilization can facilitate the co-activation of deep stabilization and global muscles that improve postural control capability during single leg standing.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.5-16
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• 1999

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of lumbosacral angle, lumbar lordosis, pelvic level and symptoms after standing lumbar traction on HIVD patients. METHOD: For this investigation standing lumbar traction was administered to 22 patient who were diagnosed of HIVD. Standing lumbar traction was given to the subject patients for 3 weeks, times a week and each standng lumbar traction lasted 25 minutes. RESULT: For lumbosacral angle statistically significant different was not found although the lumbosacral angle was normalized. For lumbar lordosis statistically significant different was not found although the lumbar lordosis angle was decreased. For pelvic level statistically significant different was not found although the pelvic level was equalized. Statistically significant improvement in symptoms was found after standing lumbar traction. There was significant correlation between lumbar lordosis and lumbosacral angle. CONCLUSION: This study was found that the influences of standing lumbar traction was to decrease symptoms than lumbosacral angle of patients with HIVD. Therefore, it is necessary that to treat the patients with HIVD applied the method to correct spine angle and pelvic level with standing lumbar traction.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2020

This study starts from the awareness of the problem that consumers are isolated from the standing spray product planning, and thus suggests effective designs and methods to the new standing spray design process. The ultimate purpose of this study is to suggest practicable new standing spray design outputs. Service design is based on customer experience, and thus it is intangible, process-centered and based on various relations. Applying the service design to the development of new standing spray designs has the following significance. (1) Service design is an effective method for maximizing customer-centered experience. The customer-centered method of service design promotes practicability of new standing spray design. (2) Service design solves various problems by mediating opinions among various stakeholders. Effective and practicable solutions could not be found for new standing spray design despite various efforts that had been made for a long time. Since each step of the process is approached separately, it is necessary to take an overview of the whole process like service design. (3) Service design lays stress on process in which stakeholders participate. Participation and collaboration among stakeholders in the new standing spray design process will improve their satisfaction and enthusiasm to implement the new system.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2012

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to measure the standing balance symmetry of stroke patients using a force-plate with computer system, and to investigate the correlation between the standing balance symmetry and that of the walking function in stroke patients. Methods: 48 patients with stroke (34 men, 14 women, $56.8{\pm}11.72$ years old) participated in this study. Static standing balance was evaluated by the weight distribution on the affected and the nonaffected lower limbs, sway path, sway velocity, and sway frequency, which reflected the characteristic of body sway in quiet standing. Dynamic standing balance was evaluated by anteroposterior and mediolateral sway angle, which revealed the limit of stability during voluntary weight displacement. Symmetry index of static standing balance, (SI-SSB) calculated by the ratio of the affected weight distribution for the nonaffected weight distribution, and symmetric index of dynamic standing balance (SI-SDB) by the ratio of the affected sway angle for the nonaffected sway angle. Functional balance assessed by a Berg balance scale (BBS), and the functional walking by 10m walking velocity, as well as the modified motor assessment scale (mMAS). Results: Static balance scales and SI-SSB was the only correlation with BBS (p<0.05). Dynamic balance scales and SI-DSB, not only was correlated with BBS, but also with 10m walking velocity and mMAS (p<0.01). Additionally, there was a significant difference between SI-SSB and that of SI-DSB (p<0.01). Conclusion: The balance and the walking function relate to real life in the stroke showed strong relationships with the dynamic standing balance symmetry in the frontal plane and the ability of anterior voluntary weight displacement in sagittal plane.