• Title/Summary/Keyword: Standardization Methods

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A Study on Standardization of Measuring Time for Heart Rate Variability (심박변이도(心搏變移度)의 측정시간(測定時間) 표준화(標準化) 연구(硏究))

  • Kim, Kyu-Tae;Park, Young-Jae;Park, Young-Bae;Oh, Hwan-Sub
    • The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.88-103
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    • 2006
  • Objectives : We performed this study to search the best time for HRV measuring and which index has the validity in a short term measuring. Methods : At first, three examiner measured electrocardiogram(ECG) of 5 people(4 male + 1 female) for 20 minutes in two times. and we devided ten regions (0-5, 5-10, 10-15, 15-20, 0-10, 0-15, 0-20, 5-15, 10-20, 5-20 minutes). After that we finded the HRV index for each regions. To evaluate the validity, we used Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility Study by MINITAB(ver. 13.20). If the '%Study Var' is under 30 and 'Number of Distinct Categories' is over 4, we could tell it has validity(repeatability and reproducibility). Results : 1) The region and HRV index has repeatability and reproducibility, was HF index in 10-15 minutes. The HF index in 15-20 minutes gained 27.41(%Study Var) and 5(Number of Distinct Categories). 2) The HF index in 10-15 minutes has the better reproducibility than repeatability. The value of measurement is under the control. There is consistency among the examiner. The distribution of measurement is not large. There is no interaction between examiner and each people. 3) The HF index in 10-15, 0-10, 0-15, 0-20, 10-20 minutes was not enough to gain the repeatability and reproducibility. But it had some meanings ; %Study Var, Number of Distinct Categories is 32.68, 4 for 10-15 minutes, 34.43, 4 for 0-10 minutes, 34.44, 4 for 0-15 minutes, 33.56, 4 for 0-20 minutes, 32.07, 4 for 10-20 minutes. Conclusions : This study shows the best index of measuring HRV is the HF index in 15-20 minutes. So, from now on we should measure the HRV for 20 minutes and extract the HF index in 15-20 minutes. It must be the standard for HRV measuring.

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A Study on the Elaboration of Request for Proposal of Localization Parts using AHP method (AHP 기법을 적용한 부품국산화 제안요청서 정교화 연구)

  • Song, Hyeong-Min
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.35-44
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    • 2020
  • The purpose of this study is to elaborate the request for proposal (RFP) for the localization parts development support project of core parts carried out by the Defense Agency for Technology and Quality. The RFP is the most important document throughout the localization parts project, including project announcement and developer selection, design and test of the development product, final evaluation, and standardization of the project. However, if the RFP is not established at the beginning of the project, there is an increased risk of business failure due to frequent changes by various reasons. In this study, we recognized the necessity of elaboration of RFP and applied the AHP method for quantitative elaboration. Eight requirements of the RFP related to the mechanical/electrical performance of localized development products and three elaboration methods for each requirement were designed in a hierarchical structure, and each weight was calculated by applying the 5-point scale AHP method. The AHP survey was conducted with 20 developers participating in the localization parts project, and the consistency ratio of the AHP survey result was less than 0.1. The elaboration method with the highest value among the calculated weights is classified, and the analysis results and future research directions of the elaboration method are presented.

A Study on the Clinical Effects of Group Therapy for Panic Disorder Patients Based on Mindfulness & Li-Gyeung-Byun-Qi Therapy (마음챙김 명상과 이정변기요법을 이용한 공황장애 그룹치료 효과에 대한 임상적 고찰)

  • Lee, Seong-Yong;Lyu, So-Jung;Choi, Sung-Youl;Lyu, Yeoung-Su;Kang, Hyung-Won
    • Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.319-332
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    • 2014
  • Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical effects of group therapy for Panic disorder patients based on Mindfulness & Li-Gyeung-Byun-Qi therapy. Methods: The FFMQ, BDI, STAI, STAXI, Panic attack, Anticipatory anxiety and subjective improvement of three Panic disorder patients were compared pre- and post-treatment when given Mindfulness & Li-Gyeung-Byun-Qi therapy. Results: 1) After the patient in case 1 underwent 5 weeks of group therapy for Panic disorder, the Mindfulness meditation score was slightly improved, anxiety and depression were significantly decreased, and expression of anger was also improved. In addition, the Panic attack and Anticipatory anxiety became more stable in the objective evaluation, while 'Extreme improvement' was shown in the subjective evaluation. 2) After the patients in case 2 and 3 underwent 5 weeks of group therapy for Panic disorder, Mindfulness meditation scores were slightly improved, anxiety and depression were significantly decreased, and expression of anger was also improved. In addition, the Panic attack and Anticipatory anxiety became more stable in the objective evaluation, while 'Moderate improvements' were shown in the subjective evaluation. Conclusions: As per the results in these cases, it was shown that group therapy for Panic disorder utilizing Mindfulness & Li-Gyeung-Byun-Qi therapy was effective to maintain meditation and control the emotions of anxiety, depression, anger and so on. Therefore, it was considered that expansion of clinical utilization through the standardization of a group therapy program for Panic disorder is needed. Furthermore, it was also considered that a comparative study of the effects of previous cognitive programs for Panic disorder according to the objectified and standardized manual is needed in the future.

A Review of Experimental study on Dementia in Oriental medicine;within Oriental medicine journal since 2000 (치매에 대한 최신 실험적 연구 동향;2000년 이후 한의학 학술지를 중심으로)

  • Choi, Sung-Youl;Kim, Dae-Hyun;Kim, Sang-Tae;Kim, Tae-Heon;Kang, Hyung-Won;Lyu, Yeong-Su
    • Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.125-146
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    • 2008
  • Objectives : The purpose of this study is to suggest for the following experimental study of dementia by reviewing recent oriental medicine journals that have been published since 2000. Methods: We have investigated various types of studies in relation to dementia through 90 articles that have been published from 2000 to 2007 in recent oriental medicine journals were registered Korea research foundation. Results and Conclusions : 1. Since 2000, 88 articles in relation to dementia have been published and almost of them are herbal medicine-centered studies. Also they show a tendency to increase every year. The journal of oriental neuropsychiatry carries the highest number of studies in relation to dementia. 2. According to the experimental paper, there are 30 cases of using herb simplexes, 48 cases of herb-combined prescription, and 10 cases of other ways. Especially 7 cases of using herb-combined prescription relation to Sasang constitution are all for the Taeumin. 3. There are 85 cases of Animal and cellular experimental, 60 cases of using pathologic model induced cytotoxic activity, a case of using L-NAME, 3 cases of 192 saporin, 4 cases of ibotenic acid, 10 cases of focal cerebral ischemia, 3 cases of alcohol-administered, and one case of natural degradation. 4. Moms water maze, Radial arm maze Passive avoidance learning model were using for examining learning and memory of model animal 5. We propose that following studies of dementia are to he investigated of the applied method of using siRNA with tranceduced gene, sample preparation by water-soaking, oriental medical diagnosis, standardization of differentiating symptom and herb simplexes, building the database by classified prescriptions, and experiment model which are based on precise examining mechanism with cell line as like mouse H19-7 hippocampus, rat HT22 hippocampus, astrocyte, microglia, using the model of animals at APP, PS1, BACE, CT99/PS1, APOE4, Tau, APP/PSI/Tau

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Study on implementation of Secure HTML5 Local Storage (안전한 HTML5 로컬스토리지 구현에 대한 연구)

  • Myeong, Hee-Won;Paik, Jung-Ha;Lee, Dong-Hoon
    • Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.83-93
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    • 2012
  • HTML5 has developed not to have browser dependancy considering interoperability as same as maintaining compatability with lower versions of HTML. HTML5, the newest web standardization is on going of being structured. Along with the smart phone boom, HTML5 is spotlighted because it can be applied to cross platforms in mobile web environments. Specially the local Storage that has been listed in new features in HTML5 supports offline function for web application that enables web application to be run even when the mobile is not connected to 3G or wifi. With Local storage, development of server-independent web application can be possible. However Local storage stores plaintext data in it without applying any security measure and this makes the plaintext data dangerous to security threats that are already exist in other client side storages like Cookie. In the paper we propose secure Local storage methods to offer a safe way to store and retrieve data in Local storage guaranteeing its performance. Suggested functions in this paper follow localStorage standard API and use a module that provide cryptographic function. We also prove the efficiency of suggested secure Local storage based on its performance evaluation with implementation.

Scientific Study for the Standardization of the Preparation Methods for Kyongdan(IV) -for the focus on the volume of water and volume of slat- (경단 조리법의 표준화를 위한 조리과학적 연구 (IV) -첨가하는 물의 양과 소금의 양을 중심으로-)

  • 한경선;김기숙
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.71-75
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    • 1994
  • This study attempted to examine the effect on sensory characteristics and texture of Kyongdan in various volume of adding water and volume of adding salt the most favorite tendency on the guality was at the 25% adding water and 1∼1.5% adding salt. Evaluation was conducted through sensory evaluation and objective evaluation The results were summarized as follows. 1. In sensory evaluation on various volume of water and volume adding salt the most favorite tendency on the gualtity was at the 25vo adding water and 1∼1.5% adding salt. 2. This condition corresponded to the low level of hardness, adhesiveness, gumminess, chewiness and high level of springiness in compa-rison with Instron measurement. In summary the most favorite factor is 12 hours soaking time, 25% adding water (hot water), 1∼1.5% adding salt, over 50 times kneading.

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Study on the Effect of Product Line Pricing on Loading Efficiency and Logistics Cost (상품라인별 가격결정이 적재효율 및 물류비에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • Jung, Sung-Tae;Yoon, Nam-Soo;Han, Kyu-Chul
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.12 no.8
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    • pp.55-69
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    • 2014
  • Purpose - Despite the importance of price, many companies do not implement pricing policies smoothly, because typical price management strategies insufficiently consider logistics efficiency and an increase in logistics costs due to logistics waste. This study attempts to examine the effect of product line pricing, which corresponds to product mix pricing, on logistics efficiency in the case of manufacturer A, and analyzes how logistics performance changes in response to these variables. Research design, data, and methodology - This study, based on the case of manufacturer A, involved research through understanding the current status, analyses, and then proposing improvement measures. Among all the products of manufacturer A, product group B was selected as the research object, and its distribution channel and line pricing were examined. As a result of simulation, for products with low loading efficiency, improvement measures such as changing the number of bags in the box were suggested, and a quantitative analysis was conducted on how these measures influence logistics costs. The TOPS program was used for the Pallet loading efficiency simulation tool in this study. To prevent products from protruding out of the pallet, the maximum measurement was set as 0.0mm, and loading efficiency was based on the pallet area, and not volume. In other words, its size (length x width) was focused upon, following the purpose of this study and, then, the results were obtained. Results - As a result of the loading efficiency simulation, when the number of bags in the box was changed for 36 products with low average loading efficiency of 73.7%, as shown in

    , loading efficiency improved to 89.9%. Further, from calculating logistics cost based on the cost calculation standard of manufacturer A, the amount of annual logistics cost reduction amounted to 101,458,084 KRW. Given that the sum of the logistics cost of the product group B of manufacturing enterprises A is 400,340,850 KRW, it can be reduced by 25%, to 298,882,766 KRW. Although many methods improve loading efficiency, this study proved that logistics cost could be reduced by changing the number of bags within boxes. If this measure is applied to other items, visible logistics cost reduction effects will be realized through improvements in loading efficiency. Conclusions - Future pricing policies should consider their correlation with quality, loading efficiency, product specifications, and logistics standardization to prevent logistics waste, enabling management to improve earnings for companies. Thus, when companies decide pricing policies for new products, the aspects of merchandising and marketing should take priority; however, the aspect of logistics also needs to be considered as significant. Measures revealed by the study results are not only the responsibilities of manufacturing enterprises. Pricing policy agreements between manufacturing enterprises and distribution companies, and logistics factors related to price determination should be considered; further, governments should also support them for their collaborations. This will enable consumers to purchase quality products with low prices.

  • Data Analytic Process of a Nationwide Population-Based Study on Obesity Using the National Health Information Database Presented by the National Health Insurance Service 2006-2015

    • Kim, Yang-Hyun;Han, Kyungdo;Son, Jang-Won;Lee, Seong-Su;Oh, Sang Woo;Kwon, Hyuk-Sang;Shin, Soon-Ae;Kim, Yeon-Yong;Lee, Won-Young;Yoo, Soon Jib;Taskforce Team of the Obesity Fact Sheet of the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity
      • Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome
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      • v.26 no.1
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      • pp.23-27
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      • 2017
    • Background: In Korea, the prevalence of obesity has steadily increased, and the socioeconomic burden of obesity has increased along with it. In 2015, the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) signed a memorandum of understanding with the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity (KSSO), providing limited open access to its databases so that the status of obesity and obesity management could be investigated. Methods: Using NHIS databases, we analyzed nationwide population-based studies for obesity using the definition of obesity (body mass index ${\geq}25kg/m^2$) in subjects over the age of 20. Age and sex standardization were used for all data. Results: The KSSO released the 'Obesity Fact Sheet 2016' using the 2006-2015 NHIS Health Checkup database. The prevalence of obesity steadily increased from 28.7% in 2006 to 32.4% in 2015, and the prevalence of abdominal obesity also steadily increased from 18.4% in 2009 to 20.8% in 2015. The prevalence of class II obesity steadily increased from 2006 to 2015, such that the total prevalence was 4.8% in 2015 (5.6% in men and 4.0% in women). The highest prevalence of obesity was found in Jeju Island, while the lowest prevalence was found in Daegu City. The highest prevalence of abdominal obesity was also found in Jeju Island, while the lowest prevalence was found in Gwangju City. Conclusion: Based on the Obesity Fact Sheet 2016, a strategy for reducing the prevalence of obesity is needed, especially in Korean men.

    Biochemical Methane Potential of Agricultural Waste Biomass (농산 바이오매스의 메탄 생산 퍼텐셜)

    • Shin, Kook-Sik;Kim, Chang-Hyun;Lee, Sang-Eun;Yoon, Young-Man
      • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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      • v.44 no.5
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      • pp.903-915
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      • 2011
    • Recently, anaerobic methane production of agricultural waste biomass has received increasing attention. Until now domestic BMP (Biochemical methane potential) studies concerned with agricultural waste biomass have concentrated on the several waste biomass such as livestock manure, food waste, and sewage sludge from WWTP (Waste water treatment plant). Especially, the lack of standardization study of BMP assay method has caused the confused comprehension and interpretation in the comparison of BMP results from various researchers. Germany and USA had established the standard methods, VDI 4630 and ASTM E2170-01, for the analysis of BMP and anaerobic organic degradation, respectively. In this review, BMP was defined in the aspect of organic material represented as COD (Chemical oxygen demand) and VS (Volatile solid), and the influence of several parameters on the methane potential of the feedstock was presented. In the investigation of domestic BMP case studies, BMP results of 18 biomass species generating from agriculture and agro-industry were presented. And BMP results of crop species reported from foreign case studies were presented according to the classification system of crops such as food crop, vegetables, oil seed and specialty crop, orchards, and fodder and energy crop. This review emphasizes the urgent need for characterizing the innumerable kind of biomass by their capability on methane production.

    Physical Properties of the Horticultural Substrate According to Mixing Ratio of Peatmoss, Perlite and Vermiculite (원예용 상토 재료 피트모스, 펄라이트, 버미큘라이트의 혼합비율에 따른 물리적 특성 변화)

    • Kim, Hyuck-Soo;Kim, Kye-Hoon
      • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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      • v.44 no.3
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      • pp.321-330
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      • 2011
    • The physical properties of horticultural substrate are important for optimal plant growth. The physical properties should be properly maintained during the crop growing season for producing higher yield. This experiment was carried out to evaluate the physical properties of different mixtures from various raw materials as horticultural substrates. The mixtures at the different ratios of peatmoss, perlite and vermiculite subjected to 10:0:0, 8:2:0, 6:4:0, 4:6:0, 2:8:0, 0:8:2, 0:10:0, 0:6:4, 0:4:6, 0:2:8, 8:0:2, 0:0:10, 6:0:4, 4:0:6, 2:0:8, 2:6:2, 2:4:4, 4:2:4, 4:4:2, 6:2:2 and 2:2:6 were prepared and analyzed according to two methods of the European Standardization (EN) and Rural Development Administration (RDA). The optimum range of physical properties of a specific horticultural substrate can be predicted using physical-property-triangle. This triangle can also be used to convert a physical property from the EN method to that from the RDA method. Results showed that the mixture at a ratio of > 60% peatmoss, in most cases, is in the range of optimum physical condition for plant growth. We conclude that the developed physical-property-triangle can be suitable to suggest the optimum ratios of horticultural substrates used in this study.


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