• Title/Summary/Keyword: Standard age

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The Association between Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in People with Epilepsy-A Retrospective Analysis

  • Cheng, Jocelyn Y.
    • Journal of Sleep Medicine
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.43-47
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    • 2018
  • Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in people with epilepsy (PWE), and confers medical and seizure-related consequences when untreated. Positive airway pressure, the gold-standard for OSA management, is limited by tolerability. As serotonin is involved respiratory control and amelioration of seizure-induced respiratory events, this study aims to determine whether serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) may represent a potential therapeutic option. Methods: A retrospective study of 100 PWE and OSA ${\geq}18$ years of age was conducted. The primary outcome measure was OSA severity as function of SRI use, with rapid eye movement (REM)-related OSA as a secondary outcome. Results: Older age and depression were more common in those taking an SRI. There was no association between SRIs and OSA severity. However, the SRI group was less likely to have REM-related OSA. Conclusions: In PWE and OSA, SRI use is associated with reduced risk of REM-related OSA, and may represent a potential management strategy.

Obstacles to Using Interactive Whiteboards for Teachers of Students with Learning Disabilities

  • ALQurashi, Amani A.;Aboalola, Nawal A.
    • International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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    • v.22 no.9
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    • pp.348-352
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    • 2022
  • This study aims to identify the obstacles to using interactive whiteboards for teachers of students with learning disabilities (LDs) in the Makkah region and to delineate any differences in the levels of these obstacles that can be attributed to the study variables: teachers' gender, academic qualifications, age, and years of experience. The researchers applied the descriptive survey approach to a sample of 123 teachers of LD students. To analyze the results, frequencies, averages, standard deviations, and relative weights were calculated. The results of the study indicated that the levels of the obstacles to using interactive whiteboards for teachers of LD students were moderate. No statistically significant differences in the levels of these obstacles were related to the variables of gender or age, whereas significant differences were found based on academic qualifications and years of experience.

Experimental Investigation of Impact-Echo Method for Concrete Slab Thickness Measurement

  • Popovics John S.;Cetrangolo Gonzalo P.;Jackson Nicole D.
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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    • v.26 no.6
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    • pp.427-439
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    • 2006
  • Accurate estimates of in place thickness of early age (3 to 28 days after casting) concrete pavements are needed, where a thickness accuracy of ${\pm}6mm$ is desired. The impact-echo method is a standardized non-destructive technique that has been applied for this task. However, the ability of impact-echo to achieve this precision goal is affected by Vp (measured) and ${\beta}$ (assumed) values that are applied in the computation. A deeper understanding of the effects of these parameters on the accuracy of impact-echo should allow the technique to be improved to meet the desired accuracy goal. In this paper, the results of experimental tests carried out on a range of concrete slabs are reported. Impact-echo thickness estimation errors caused by material property gradients and sensor type are identified. Correction factors to the standard analysis method are proposed to correct the identified errors and to increase the accuracy of the standard method. Results show that improved accuracy can be obtained in the field by applying these recommendations with the standard impact-echo method.

Standardized Body Type and the Suitability of Figures for the Twenties Women (20대 여성의 표준체형과 인대 적합성에 관한 연구)

  • Koo, Mi-Ji;Lee, Jeong-Im
    • Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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    • v.7 no.6
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    • pp.601-608
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    • 2005
  • This research investigated the present state of the dress forms used by clothing manufacturers and proposed procedure to bring out the standardized body type and figure for women in twenties. The result of questionnaire showed chief pattern maker's thoughts that dress form should be differently made for each age group and should be more reflected the standard body than the idea body. The standardized body type was made from the standardized posture and size which were analyzed from the interquartile range(IQR) of 314 subjects. The standardized size could be verified as for the balanced body shape of twenties through making the standard dress form. The standardized form(S form) was compared with three kinds of forms(A, K and P) for investigating the suitability of forms. K form was very similar to S form, Educational P form and manufacturer's A form had quite big differences from S form at the important areas for making clothing. The side shapes of A, K and P forms showed differences at back bending, neck angle and hip shape from S form. A form was comparatively smooth and flat. This results could be used as the practical standard to improve the suitability of size and shape in the dress forms of manufacturers and educators.

A Visual Motion and Time Study Software, VITAMAX (비주얼 작업관리 소프트웨어, VITAMAX 개발에 관한 연구)

  • Choi, Seong-Hoon;Mo, Chang-Woo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.33-38
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    • 2010
  • To survive head-to-head competition, we should keep our labor productivities above those of other nations. However, our labor productivities are low compared to those of the developed countries. It is the well-known fact that we make up for the productivities with long work hours. Entering the line of developed nations safely and enjoying well-being age freely, we need to achieve high labor productivities without sacrificing work hours. What would be a fine solution? Back to the basics! Although it is important to enforce R&D on high-tech products, we should have so-called bluebird philosophy, being faithful to the basics and trying to find solutions at a stone's throw. Basics of basics may be unceasing improvement, establishing reasonable standard times, and maintaining them. To support going back to the basics, this thesis proposes VITAMAX, a motion and time study software. As VITAMAX stands for "Visual Improvement and Time Analysis for Maximizing Profits", it provides a simple and powerful visual tool which is useful for improving manual works and determining standard times. Since VITAMAX is based on the Microsoft Excel and VBA, it is very cost-effective and easy to use. VITAMAX may contribute to the profit increase of manufacturing companies, especially for the small and medium-sized enterprise.

Prevalence of dental anxiety in 10-14 years old children and its implications

  • Kakkar, Mayank;Wahi, Astha;Thakkar, Radhika;Vohra, Iqra;Shukla, Arvind Kumar
    • Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.199-202
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    • 2016
  • Background: The aim of this study was to provide insight on dental fear amongst schoolchildren and evaluate the association between caries experience and fear of dental procedures. Methods: A sample size of 250 students (both sexes) of ages 10-14 years were enrolled in the study. Before dental examination, each participant was informed about the study and given the Children's Fear Survey Schedule - Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) questionnaire. Children who scored greater than 38 were included in the 'with dental fear' group and those who scored less than 38 were assigned to the 'without dental fear' group. All oral check-ups were carried out on the school premises according to WHO criteria. Results: There were 105 children (42%) who experienced dental fear. As CFSS-DS scores increased, scores on the Decayed, Missing and Filled Surfaces Index (DMFS) also increased. Scores were highest on "injections" followed by "dentist drill" and "feeling of choking". Children were significantly less anxious about items of dental treatment if they had experienced that particular form of treatment. Female participants were found to be more dentally anxious than the male participants. Conclusions: The data revealed dental fear in 10-14 years old children and showed that dental fear scores decreased with increase in age and experience.

Developing a Large-scale Carbon Offset Project Based on Forest Management - In Case of Jin-An Leading Forest Management Zone - (산림탄소상쇄 사업의 흡수량 증대를 위한 대규모 산림경영형 사업모델 개발에 관한 연구 - 진안군 선도 산림경영단지를 중심으로 -)

  • Kim, Young-hwan
    • Journal of Climate Change Research
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.137-142
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    • 2016
  • To achieve large-scale carbon removals, a carbon offset project based on forest management was designed and its carbon stock change was estimated in this study. The project was designed for 874 hectares of forests in the Jin-An Leading Forest Management Zone. For estimating the carbon stock change of the project, the Korean Forest Carbon Standard and VCS (Verified Carbon Standard) methodologies were applied. Three types of management options were considered in the project : extension of rotation age, conversion to productive forests, and conversion to selective harvesting. The estimated carbon removals from the project designed in this study were $259,936tCO_2$ ($8,664tCO_2$ annually), which is 98% of estimated carbon removals from the entire 69 projects currently registered to the Forest Carbon Offset Registry in Korea. The results of this study showed that a large-scale carbon offset project based on forest management could have a huge potential to produce carbon offset credits.

Indicators of Nutritional Status on the Basis of Preschool Children's Anthropomary (학경전 아동의 신체 발달과 영양 상태 지표에 관한 연구)

  • 문현경
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.31 no.8
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    • pp.1283-1294
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    • 1998
  • This study was conducted to investigate nutritional status by anthropometric meas-urement and to assess the validity of indicators for nutritional status of preschool children. Health examinations, including blood and urine tests, were done for 799 childern aged 2 to 6 years. The mean anthropometric measurements of height, weight , head circumference, and chest circumference were 90.2cm, 13.9kg, 47.7cm, 50.9cm for 2 years (n=13), 94.8cm, 15.2kg, 43.3cm, 47.0cm for 3 years(n=125), 100.7cm, 16.4kg, 46.2cm, 50.5cm for 4 years(n=272), 106.5cm, 18.1kg, 48.8cm, 53.8cm for 5 years(n=253), 113.0cm 20.4kg, 50.4cm 56.9cm for 6 years(n=136), respectively. All anthropometric measureemnts were significantly different by age and sex. The results of physical examinations excluding dental examination were normal for all studied children. Urine test results were also normal for the subjects. The most common blood type was A and the rarest one was type AB. The mean hemoglobin concentration was 11.84g/dl for boys(n=398), 11.86g/dl for girls, and 11.85kg/dl for all. The percentage of childeren whose hemoglobin concentration was less than 11.0g/dl was 21.6% for boys and 18.9% for girls. The percentage of children whose height for age, weight for age, and weight for height were in the rang of median $\pm$1 standard devication(S.D) was 71.7% , 65.6%, and 67.0% for each indicator. Obese childeren whose weight for height or weigth for age was more than median +2S.D. were 5.2% while tall children whose height for age was more than median +2S.D, were 1.8% . Past and recent nutritional status of most children(87.2%) were assessed as normal by the combination of three indicators(height for age, weight for age, weight for height). The percentate of coincidence between for height) and one assessed by anthropometric measurements (height for age, weight for age, weight for height) and one assessed by physicial was 59.6%, 69.3% and 67.8% for each indicator, respectively. The distribution of subjects by height for age was significantly different between normal and anemic groups. With these results , the nutritional status of children the studied was normal. The anthropometric measurements reflected the nutritional status of childeren relatively well. In conclusion, in comparison with biochemical meausurements anthropometric measurements are relatively simple and effective indicators for nutritional assessement of children in large health and nutrition suveys in Korea.

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Age of Diagnosis of Breast Cancer in China: Almost 10 Years Earlier than in the United States and the European Union

  • Song, Qing-Kun;Li, Jing;Huang, Rong;Fan, Jin-Hu;Zheng, Rong-Shou;Zhang, Bao-Ning;Zhang, Bin;Tang, Zhong-Hua;Xie, Xiao-Ming;Yang, Hong-Jian;He, Jian-Jun;Li, Hui;Li, Jia-Yuan;Qiao, You-Lin;Chen, Wan-Qing
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.15 no.22
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    • pp.10021-10025
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    • 2014
  • Background: The study aimed to describe the age distribution of breast cancer diagnosis among Chinese females for comparison with the United States and the European Union, and provide evidence for the screening target population in China. Materials and Methods: Median age was estimated from hospital databases from 7 tertiary hospitals in China. Population-based data in China, United States and European Union was extracted from the National Central Cancer Registry, SEER program and GLOBOCAN 2008, respectively. Age-standardized distribution of breast cancer at diagnosis in the 3 areas was estimated based on the World Standard Population 2000. Results: The median age of breast cancer at diagnosis was around 50 in China, nearly 10 years earlier than United States and European Union. The diagnosis age in China did not vary between subgroups of calendar year, region and pathological characteristics. With adjustment for population structure, median age of breast cancer at diagnosis was 50~54 in China, but 55~59 in United States and European Union. Conclusions: The median diagnosis age of female breast cancer is much earlier in China than in the United States and the European Union pointing to racial differences in genetics and lifestyle. Screening programs should start at an earlier age for Chinese women and age disparities between Chinese and Western women warrant further studies.

The study on the level of concern with nutritional knowledge and food intake according to increasing age and the mode of food life (연령증가에 따른 영양지식 관심도와 식품섭취 및 식생활 양상에 관한 연구)

  • 김이수
    • Culinary science and hospitality research
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    • v.7 no.3
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    • pp.295-317
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    • 2001
  • This study divided people into the age groups of their twenties, thirties, forties and more than fifties and multilaterally examined their nutritional knowledge and mode and attitude of food intake in order to survey the effects that the level of concern with nutritional knowledge according to age has on the mode of food life with a sample of women in more than their twenties who live in the region of Seoul. If I examine the general characteristics of those who are surveyed, in age their twenties accounted for the most part of 34.6 percent, and in educational background people who did not graduate from high schools accounted for 58.6 percent and jobless people 55.9 percent and there were many people whose standard of living was thought to be in a middle level, and in the income of home, people with less than two million Won were universal, and in physical condition an average case accounted for 37.8 percent, but the case that most of people were fat(49.1%) was characterized by more than a thin case(13.1%,). In the object of survey the case of being nutritionally reeducated was as 76.1% higher than the case of not doing so, but the necessity for nutritional education was not felt by 62.7%, and statistical significance was indicated according to age (p<.001***) and in the sources of nutritional knowledge mass media accounted for 49.3%. The knowledge about nutrition was well known as a whole and in evaluating nutritional knowledge, top group accounted for 75.4% and evaluating scores according to age showed differences, but had no statistical significance. As a result of surveying the actual condition of food intake and food habit, those who are surveyed was surveyed to observe the quantity of a meal (31.9%) best, and they were revealed in the order of 30.5%, of taking in fruits and 28.3%, of having meals regularly. In particular, in the regularity of meals, statistical significance according to age(P<.001***) was indicated by their fifties accounting for 38.7% and their twenties 10.9%. In food habit, regardless of age, the case of taking in marine algae for 0 to two days indicated 53.7% and the case of faking in greeny yellow vegetables 52.0%, and we could see that modern people evade the kind of vegetables, and in the scores of evaluating food habit a middle group accounted for 57.3% and as age increases, the group of higher age showed more desirable mode of food life than the one of lower age, showing statistical significance(p<.01**).

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