• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.467-475
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• 2007

The nutritional status and chronic disease occurrence of the elderly living in local areas is affected by certain factors, including low energy intakes, low food diversity, poor nutritional quality and living alone. Moreover, elderly people who live alone may have low incomes and be socially isolated. Thus, we have provided them adjustable and balanced menus using standard recipes. In this study, we investigated aspects of nutritional status and living conditions in the elderly status, in relation to food, activities of daily living(ADL), nutrition risk index, average intake of calories and nutrients, the mini dietary assessment index score, depression score, menu satisfaction, menu demand, satisfaction with menu offerings. The result indicated significant nutritional improvements by providing menus to the elders and suggest that by providing adjustable and balanced menus using standard recipes, the nutritional status of isolated elders can be changed and improved.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권12호
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• pp.191-201
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• 2021

The objective of this research is to investigate how the board of directors' characteristics influence sustainability disclosures with the mediating effect of corporate governance. The independent variables are the characteristics of the board of directors, which consist of the presence of women on the boards, presence of directors aged over 50 years old, education level, education field, board tenure, and compensation. The dependent variable is sustainability disclosures, which is measured by the GRI standard disclosure, whereas the mediator variable is the CG score. Research samples are 460 companies listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET). Path Analysis is used to examine the correlation between the board of directors' characteristics, CG score, and GRI standard disclosure. The research findings show that senior boards, the education field, and compensation motivation have an effect on sustainability disclosures, whereas corporate governance is a mediator of the effect of the education field of boards on sustainability disclosures. This finding should help shareholders to choose individuals with suitable characteristics to serve on the board of directors, and, as a result, shareholders should anticipate a profitable result to be generated, while the business of the company is conducted in a sustainable way.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.473-482
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• 2021

In this study, we attempted to estimate the degree of management of chestnut forestry households in Chungcheongnam-do and to provide information for establishing chestnut cultivation-related policies. The chestnut management standard diagnostic table consists of three major categories, namely, management base, management and sales capacity, and production technology levels, along with 19 subcategories. A survey of 309 chestnut forestry households was conducted from 2014 to 2019 in Gongju, Cheongyang, and Buyeo in Chungcheongnam-do. The average score for the 19 subcategories was 65.7 points, indicating that these areas have excellent management conditions. When the total score was higher, the output per hectare and the rate of top-grade products in the total output were also higher, indicating a significant correlation. These findings will be useful for providing consulting services to chestnut growers as they highlight the correlation between the higher scores of the indicators in the chestnut management standard diagnostic table and the management performance of the farmers. We found that the scores of the indicators for management and sale skill, such as management record and analysis, material purchase, and direct transaction with consumers, were relatively lower than those of the indicators for management base and production skill. It is assumed that the chestnut growers aging has led to negligence in recording details on incomes, expenditures, and work and lowered the willingness to make substantial profits. Therefore, it is essential to overcome these problems for profitable chestnut farming.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.483-492
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• 2021

This study attempted to estimate the degree of management of oak mushroom farms in Chungcheongnam-do and to provide information to establish oak mushroom cultivation-related policies. The oak mushroom management standard diagnostic table consists of three major categories, growing condition, inoculation management, cultivation management and management administration, along with 20 subcategories. Thus, 209 households of oak mushroom farms were surveyed from 2015 to 2018 in Gongju, Cheongyang, Buyeo and Seochun in Chungcheongnam-do. The average score for the 20 subcategories was 71.5 points (representing a significant level), indicating that these areas have excellent management conditions. The analysis of the management performance indicators revealed a high number of indicators with scores of five or above. The total score was higher, and the amount per bed log and the rate of top-grade products in the total output were also higher, indicating a significant correlation. These findings will provide consulting services to oak mushroom growers as they highlight the correlation between the higher scores of indicators in the oak mushroom management standard diagnostic table and the management performance of farmers. We found that the scores of the indicators for management administration, such as management record and analysis and fund plan were relatively lower than those of other indicators. It is assumed that the owners aging has led to negligence in recording the details on incomes, expenditures, and work and lowered the willingness to make substantial profits. Therefore, it is essential to overcome these problems for profitable oak mushroom farming.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.69-84
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• 2001

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between self-concept and clothing behavior of elementary school children. For this purpose. 301 third and sixth graders two schools in Daegu-city were sampled. The \`Test of Self-Concept\` and \`Questionnaire on the Clothing Behavior\` were administered purpose of this study. The collected data were analyzed by the SPSS/PC Windows programs according to the research issues. Means and standard deviations were calculated and a three-way analysis of variance was applied to analyze the effects of grades, sex(gender) and self-concept on the clothing behavior. The major results of this study were as follows: 1. It was found that the mean score of the clothing behavior was significantly different depending the level of self-concept (group). The mean scores of manageability. psychological dependency interest and conformity of the high self-concept. group were significantly higher than those of the low self-concept group. But. there was no significant difference between the high and low self-concept groups in the mean score of comformity. 2. There were statistically significant differences between the sex of children in the mean score of the clothing behavior. It was found that the mean score of manageability, psychological dependency and interest of the female students were significantly higher than those of the male students. However the mean score of the comfortability of male students was significantly higher than that of the female students. In the meantime there was no significant difference between the sex of students in the mean score of comformity. 3. There were statistically significant differences in the mean score of the clothing behavior according to the graders of children . It was found that the mean scores of manageability, psychological dependency, interest and comfortability of the third graders were significantly higher those that of the sixth graders. But, there was no significant difference depending the grades of students in the mean score of conformity. 4. There were statistically significant interaction effects between the sex and the grade of children on the mean score of interest and comfortability. It was found that the mean score of interest of male third graders was higher than that of male sixth graders. The mean score of comfortability of the female third graders higher than that of sixth graders.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.135-148
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• 1989

Cumulative sum schemes based on a weighted score are considered for controlling the mean of a continuous production process; in which both the one-sided and two-sided schemes are proposed. The average run lengths and the run length distributions for the proposed schemes are obtained by the Markov chain approach. Comparisons by the average run length show that the proposed schemes perform nearly as well as the standard cumulative sum schemes in detecting changes in the process mean. Comparisons of the one-sided schemes by the run length distribution are also presented.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.495-506
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• 1998

The proposed class of generalized logistic models, indexed by an extra parameter, can be used to model or to examine symmetric or asymmetric discrepancies from the logistic model. When there are a finite number of different design points, we are mainly concerned with maximum likelihood estimation of parameters and in deriving their large sample behavior A score test and a bootstrap hypothesis test are also considered to check if the standard logistic model is appropriate to fit the data or if a generalization is needed .

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제55권12호
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• pp.481-486
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• 2012

Purpose: Precocious puberty is defined as breast development before the age of 8 years in girls. The present study aimed to reveal the diagnosis of Korean girls referred for precocious puberty and to compare the constitutional and endocrinological features among diagnosis groups. Methods: The present study used a retrospective chart review of 988 Korean girls who had visited a pediatric endocrinology clinic from 2006 to 2010 for the evaluation of precocious puberty. Study groups comprised fast puberty, true precocious puberty (PP), pseudo PP, premature thelarche, and control. We determined the height standard deviation score (HSDS), weight standard deviation score (WSDS), and body mass index standard deviation score (BMISDS) of each group using the published 2007 Korean growth charts. Hormone tests were performed at our outpatient clinic. Results: The PP groups comprised fast puberty (67%), premature thelarche (17%), true PP (15%), and pseudo PP (1%). Advanced bone age and levels of estradiol, basal luteinizing hormone (LH), and peak LH after gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulation testing were significantly high in the fast puberty and true PP groups compared with the control group. HSDS, WSDS, and BMISDS were significantly higher in the true PP group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The frequent causes of PP were found to be fast puberty, true PP, and premature thelarche. Furthermore, BMISDS were significantly elevated in the true PP group. Therefore, we emphasize the need for regular follow-up of girls who are heavier or taller than others in the same age group.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.349-356
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• 2022

Background: Awake fiberoptic intubation (AFOI) is the procedure of choice for securing the airway in patients with a difficult airway when undergoing surgeries under general anesthesia. An ideal drug would not only provide conscious sedation but also maintain spontaneous ventilation, smooth intubation conditions, and stable hemodynamics. We compared the effects of dexmedetomidine alone and dexmedetomidine in combination with fentanyl at a dose lower than the standard dose for achieving conscious sedation during AFOI in difficult airway patients undergoing oral cancer and dental surgeries. Methods: We included 68 adult patients undergoing AFOI. The patients were randomized in two groups, wherein Group D received intravenous dexmedetomidine 1 ㎍/kg and Group DF received dexmedetomidine 0.5 ㎍/kg and fentanyl 1 ㎍/kg. The outcomes measured were airway obstruction score, intubation scores, fiberoptic intubation comfort score, sedation score, and hemodynamic variables. Results: Low-dose dexmedetomidine with fentanyl showed similar results as those with the standard dose of dexmedetomidine in terms of airway obstruction, vocal cord movement, degree of cough, degree of limb movements, and intubation comfort. However, the sedation achieved and incidence of hypotension and bradycardia were higher in Group D than in Group DF. Conclusions: A low dose of dexmedetomidine-fentanyl provides satisfactory intubation conditions as those with a standard dose of dexmedetomidine in AFOI, thereby avoiding bradycardia, hypotension, and sedation.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.63-91
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 경제활동인구 부가조사 자료를 이용하여 비정규직의 세부유형별로 직업훈련의 임금 및 고영안정성 효과를 분석하였다. 성향점수매칭방법을 통하여 선택 편의가 없는 처치효과의 추정치를 구하여 분석한 결과, 정규직의 훈련에 따른 임금효과는 4.2%로 비정규직 가운데 유의하게 나타난 기간제 근로의 2.7%보다 훨씬 높게 나타났다. 통제된 데이터를 기반으로 로지스틱 회귀분석을 이용하여 정규직의 정규직 유지를 분석한 결과, 훈련참여 여부는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았으나 훈련시간은 유의하게 나타났으며, 비정규직의 정규직 전환의 경우에는 기간제 근로에서만 훈련참여 여부 및 훈련시간 모두 유의하게 나타났다. 비정규직 유형 중 기간제가 직업훈련의 임금이나 고용효과 모두에서 긍정적으로 나타난 결과는 정규직과 유사하게 사용자와 피고용인의 관계가 다른 비정규직 유형에 비해 보다 명확하기 때문인 것으로 해석된다.