• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.157-169
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• 2022

DNA typing is the typical technology in the forensic science and plays a significant role in the personal identification of victims and suspects. Short tandem repeat (STR) is the short tandemly repeated DNA sequence consisting of 2~7 bp DNA units in specific loci. It is disseminated across the human genome and represents polymorphism among individuals. Because polymorphism is a key feature of the application of DNA typing STR analysis, STR analysis becomes the standard technology in forensics. Therefore, the DNA database (DNA-DB) was first introduced with 4 essential STR markers for the application of forensic science; however, the number of STR markers was expanded from 4 to 13 and 13 to 20 later to counteract the continuously increased DNA profile and other needed situations. After applying expanded STR markers to the South Korean DNA-DB system, it positively affected to low copy number analysis that had a high possibility of partial DNA profiles, and especially contributed to the theft cases due to the high portion of touch DNA evidence in the theft case. Furthermore, STR marker expansion not only contributed to the resolution of cold cases but also increased kinship index indicating the potential for improved kinship test accuracy using extended STR markers. Collectively, the expansion of the STR locus was considered to be necessary to keep pace with the continuously increasing DNA profile, and to improve the data integrity of the DNA-DB.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.953-961
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• 2023

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of dorsal cranial myopathy (DCM) on chicken meat quality. Methods: Sixty-six Ross 308 AP broilers, 47 days old, of both sexes, weighing about 3.51 kg, were slaughtered according to standard industrial practices, and evaluated for meat color, pH, chemical composition, collagen content, fatty acid profile, and histopathological parameters. Comparisons between normal and DCM-affected meat were performed using Student's t-test at the 5% significance level. Results: Histological analysis of muscle tissues affected by DCM showed myofiber degeneration, proliferation of inflammatory cells, fibroplasia, and necrosis with fibrosis. DCM samples had lower protein content and higher moisture, ash, insoluble collagen, total collagen, and pH. DCM-affected meat was redder and more yellowish. There were no differences in lipid or soluble collagen contents between groups. DCM-affected meat had higher percentages of arachidonic acid (C20:4n-6) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n-3). Conclusion: This study revealed that DCM-affected meat exhibits considerable changes in quality parameters.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.191-199
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• 2023

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is mostly damaged in sporting activities. To reconstruct the damaged ACL, a patellar tendon (PT) is often the most preferred graft due to its fast healing and bone integration i.e. bone-patellar tendon-bone graft. Suitability of the PT often depends on the morphometric profile of the tendon. This study reported on the harvestable surface area (SA) of the tendon using a simple tracing method. The PT of 79 adult formalin-fixed cadavers of South Africans of European Ancestry were dissected, and the margins of the PT were traced on a wax paper before the tracings were scanned. The SA, straight proximal width (SPW), curved proximal width (CPW), straight distal width (SDW), curved distal width (CDW) and length of tendon (LOT) from the digitized image of the PT was measured. In addition, the length of the lower limbs was measured to normalize the measurements. The results showed no significant side differences, and the measurements were not sexually dimorphic. A strong correlation was reported for SA vs. LOT, SPW vs. CPW and SDW vs. CDW for both sexes and sides. The presented morphological profile provides additional information on the usability of the graft and with respect to healing and recovery.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.199-211
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• 2002

Digital substraction technique and computer-assisted densitometirc analysis detect minor change in bone density and thus increase the diagnostic accuracy. This advantage as well as high sensitivity and objectivity which precludes human bias have drawn interest in radiologic research area. The objectives of this study are to verify if Radiographic density can be recognized in linear pattern when density profile of standard periapical radiograph with the aluminium stepwedge as the reference, was investigated under varies circumstances which can be encountered in clinical situations, and in addition to that to obtain mutual relationship between the existing standard radiographic system, and future digital image systems, by confirming the corelationship between the standard radiograph and Digora system which is a digital image system currently being used. In order to make quantitative analysis of the bone tissue, digital image system which uses high resolution automatic slide scanner as an input device, and Digora system were compared and analyzed using multifunctional program, Brain3dsp. The following conclusions were obtained. 1. Under common clinical situation that is 70kVp, 0.2 sec., and focal distance 10cm, Al-Equivalent image equation was found to be Y=11.21X+46.62 $r^2=0.9898$ in standard radiographic system, and Y=12.68X+74.59, $r^2=0.9528$ in Digora system, and linear relation was confirmed in both the systems. 2. In standard radiographic system, when all conditions were maintained the same except for the condition of developing solution, Al-Equivalent image equation was Y=10.07X+41.64, $r^2=0.9861$ which shows high corelationship. 3. When all conditions were maintained the same except for the Kilovoltage peak, linear relationship was still maintained under 60kVp, and Al-Equivalent image equation was Y=14.60X+68.86, $r^2=0.9886$ in the standard radiograhic system, and Y=13.90X+80.68, $r^2=0.9238$ in Digora system. 4. When all conditions were maintained the same except for the exposure time which was varied from 0.01 sec. to 0.8 sec., Al-Equivalent image equation was found to be linear in both the standard radiographic system and Digora system. The R-square was distributed from 0.9188 to 0.9900, and in general, standard radiographic system showed higher R-square than Digora system. 5. When all conditions were maintained the same except for the focal distance which was varied from 5cm to 30cm, Al-Equivalent image equation was found to be linear in both the standard radiographic system and Digora system. The R-square was distributed from 0.9463 to 0.9925, and the standard radiographic system had the tendency to show higher R-square in shorter focal distances.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.17-31
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• 2006

Software architecture is the high level model of a software system. It should be specified with ADLs (Architecture Description Languages) for its clarity and preciseness. Most ADLs such as C2SADL have not come into extensive use in industries since ADL users should learn a distinct notation specific to architecture, and ADLs do not address all stakes of the development process that is becoming diversified everyday. On the other hand, UML is a do facto standard general modeling language for software developments. UML provides a consistent notation and various supporting tools during the whole software development cycle. But, UML is a general modeling language and does not provide all concepts that are important to architecture description. UML should be extended in order to precisely model architecture. In this paper, we defined a C2 architecture modeling language as a UML2.0 profile. We applied the defined C2 architecture modeling language to the modeling of a restaurant reservation system.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.43 no.2 s.344
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• pp.56-65
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• 2006

In this paper, we introduce modified difference type symbol timing detection method of simple structure and show the relations between S/N ratio and timing detection performance which less influenced by multipath channel delay profile and added noise level and it show very exact GI detection performance characteristics. In the computer simulations, 4 symbol time duration of short and long training of IEEE802.11a standard OFDM frame are used for symbol synchronization timing detection. The computer simulation results show the very exact symbol timing detection performance characteristic within 1 sample error of OFDM signal regardless channel delay profile from minimn phase channels of phase rotation ${\pi}/2$ to non-minimum phase channels of phase rotation ${\pi}/2$ of received OFDM signal and added noise level in channel.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.13-16
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• 2010

The effect of exogenous administration of tamoxifen (TAM) on hormonal profile and sexual maturity in Indian native Kadaknath (KN) fowl was investigated. Day-old chicks from the same hatch were randomly divided into 15 groups with 20 chicks in each group (5 treatments${\times}$3 replicates). The chicks were placed in battery brooders with wire-mesh floors and reared under uniform husbandry conditions (14 h light/d, 25-32${^{\circ}C}$) on a standard basal diet. At the age of two weeks (wk), birds from the control group ($T_{1}$) were injected with maize oil intramuscularly (I/M), whereas the other four experimental groups $T_{2}$, $T_{3}$, $T_{4}$ and $T_{5}$ were given tamoxifen (I/M) dissolved in maize oil at the rate of 0.5 mg (0.5 TAM), 1.0 mg (1.0 TAM), 2.5 mg (2.5 TAM) and 5.0 mg (5.0 TAM)/kg body weight, respectively, up to 30 wks on every alternate day. At every 6-wk interval, blood samples were collected from nine birds of each treatment group for estimation of estrogen and progesterone. The same birds were sacrificed for determination of the weight of ovary, oviduct, liver and adipose tissue. There was no significant difference in egg production traits except onset of lay and egg number. Low doses of TAM ($T_{3}$) advanced the onset of egg laying by 15 days over the control. Tamoxifen influenced the hormonal profile (estrogen and progesterone) in a dose dependent manner. However, higher doses of TAM suppressed ovary and oviductal growth. From this study, it may be concluded that lower doses of TAM enhanced sexual maturity while higher doses suppressed ovary and oviductal growth.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.2000-2006
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• 2011

In this paper, the drain induced barrier lowering(DIBL) for doping distribution in the channel has been analyzed for double gate MOSFET(DGMOSFET). The DGMOSFET is extensively been studing because of adventages to be able to reduce the short channel effects(SCEs) to occur in convensional MOSFET. DIBL is SCE known as reduction of threshold voltage due to variation of energy band by high drain voltage. This DIBL has been analyzed for structural parameter and variation of channel doping profile for DGMOSFET. For this object, The analytical model of Poisson equation has been derived from Gaussian doping distribution for DGMOSFET. To verify potential and DIBL models based on this analytical Poisson's equation, the results have been compared with those of the numerical Poisson's equation, and DIBL for DGMOSFET has been investigated using this models.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.1527-1537
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• 2006

The server system of digital contents has to how the context information about client devices to provide the appropriate contents for each device effectively. CC/PP standard specification is an agreement for describing and transmission of the information related with a client device. In this case, the information on device hardware and software, networks and user's preference is included here. In the mean time, WAP forum defined W-HTTP protocol to transmit the CC/PP profile information of a client device to a server system. However, the client devices which use existing HTTP protocol to transmit their information cannot provide the CC/PP profile information to a server. In this paper, we propose an effective method to create and provide the CC/PP profile in the clients which use not only HTTP protocol but also W-HTTP protocol to transmit device information.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.50-55
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• 1996

A numerical simulation on a primary calcinator of porcelain was performed with using Fluent to calculate the heat efficiency by studying velocity vector and temperature profile according to variables such as the location of outlet and porcelain. Control-Volume based Finite Difference Method and Up-wind scheme are used for discretization of differential equation. SIMPLEC Algorithm and standard k-$\varepsilon$ turbulent model are selected to resolve the pressure-velocity coupling and the turbulent. The result of simulation showed that the whole velocity vector field in a calcinator was varied greatly according to the location of outlet. But the whole temperature profile at each zone was still high regardless of the location of outlet because of the radiation. But the temperature of a case with a outlet at sidepart of preheating or cooling zone was little high compared to the case with a outlet on the top of preheating zone. The velocity vector field and temperature profile in a calcinator were almost not affected by the location of porcelain, but the temperature inside a porcelain was much affected according to the place where it was located. The heat efficiency in a calcinator was 44.6% and the gas temperature in the outlet was about 1000 K.