• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.191-200
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• 2020

The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the effect of tongue color change due to food ingestion on tongue diagnosis by both Korean Medicine doctors and digital tongue diagnosis system. In order to obtain objective and quantitative data, we used digital camera to collect the data. Prior to our investigation, we conducted a brief survey of 26 Korean Medicine doctors and found out that tongue diagnosis is frequently used and food-stained tongue could be commonly observed in clinics. Depending on their color, viscosity, and amount of intake, various foods caused stains with different colors and thicknesses. Also, duration and amount of food stain on tongue were different from person to person. Since coffee-stained tongue was the most frequently observed one in clinics according to the survey, we used coffee to evaluate the effect of food-stained tongue on tongue diagnosis. Korean Medicine doctors tended to interpret coffee-stained tongue as having yellow tongue coat but their judgement on tongue body color did not differ in spite of the coffee stains. Meanwhile, tongue diagnosis system algorithm tended to judge coffee-stained tongue as having normal but yellowish tongue coat and reddish tongue body. Altogether, food color on tongue can influence tongue diagnosis outcomes. Further research is needed in order to develop more efficient tongue diagnosis algorithm and digital medical service system.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.168-177
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• 2021

The effects of the Perilla frutescens var. crispa and Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi mixture on the activities of osteoblast differentiation and the restraint of osteoclast formation were investigated. the Perilla frutescens var. crispa and Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi mixture in the human osteoblast "MG-63" cell, was examined in relation to alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red stains. In order to observe the effects of osteoclasts formation, we analyzed RAW 264.7 cell tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity and TRAP stains. In cytotoxicity testing, it was confirmed that apple extract is safe at a concentration of 50 ㎍/㎖ or less. The ALP activity and Bone calcification formation ability were the Perilla frutescens var. crispa and Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi mixture had a lower activity than that of control group. However the Perilla frutescens var. crispa and Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi mixture significantly reduced activity of TRAP in the RAW 264.7 osteoclastic cell generation and effectively Inhibited the TRAP(+) multinuclear cells. Thus, our results demonstrate that the Perilla frutescens var. crispa and Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi mixture enhances the inhibitory activity of bone-resorption in RAW 264.7 cells. In conclusion, the Perilla frutescens var. crispa and Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi mixture seem to be effective in the prevention and treatment of bone related disorders.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.5-14
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• 2022

Background: The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of protocatechuic acid (PCA) on tendon healing and fatty degeneration in a chronic rotator cuff model. Methods: Twenty-eight Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly allocated into two groups: Saline+repair (SR) and PCA+repair (PR). The right shoulder was used for experimental interventions, and the left served as a control. PCA (30 mg/kg/day) was administered intraperitoneally at the site of infraspinatus tendon detachment in rats in the PR group, and the same volume of saline was administered to the same site in the SR group. The torn tendon was repaired 4 weeks after infraspinatus detachment. Four weeks after repair, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), S100, and CD68 stains were performed to evaluate the degree of fatty degeneration and H&E and Masson trichrome stains were performed to assess tendon healing. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was measured to test the efficacy of PCA as an antioxidant. Results: Results from histological evaluation indicated that SOD and CD68 levels at the musculotendinous region and collagen fiber parallel to the orientation at the tendon-to-bone junction were not significantly different between the SR and PR groups. The mean load-to-failure of the PR group (20.32±9.37 N) was higher than that of the SR group (16.44±6.90 N), although this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.395). The SOD activity in the operative side infraspinatus muscle of the PR group was higher than that of the SR group, but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.053). Conclusions: The use of PCA could improve tendon healing and decrease fatty degeneration after rotator cuff repair.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.314-326
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• 2022

Investigation of conservation status, optical survey, infrared thermography, and ultrasonic examination were performed on Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva mural and Buddhist Monk Bodhidharma mural to determine the conservation status and physical properties. As a result of investigation of conservation status, the types of damage are largely divided into the wall and finishing layer damage, painting layer degradation, damage due to restoration materials, stains and contamination, and biological damage. As a result of the optical survey, drawing, stains, and repainted site were confirmed. Result of the infrared thermography, the delamination of the finishing layer was confirmed, and some locations and shapes of the wooden lath inside the wall were identified. The result of the 3D scanning, the deviation, and the separation of the wall was confirmed. As a result of ultrasonic examination, it was confirmed that the physical properties of the mural were identified and the ultrasonic speed was relatively low due to physical damage such as delamination and exfoliation of the finishing layer and cracking. Ultrasonic speed values were also high in some wall cracks or delamination, and it was confirmed by the infrared thermography results that the wooden lath inside the wall was located in those parts. It was possible to understand that the wooden lath inside the walls affects the ultrasonic speed during the ultrasonic examination. Therefore, management through periodic inspection of the relevant elements is necessary, and a countermeasure for damage that may occur in the future should be prepared along with intensive monitoring of the major damage identified in this diagnosis result.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.129-134
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• 2000

Clear visualization of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) microspore nuclei with common stains such as acetocarmine or propionocarmine is difficult, hindering cytological analysis. The DAPI stain after the addition of ferric chloride solution to fixative resulted in clear visualization of nuclei. For clear visualization of nuclei and slight fluorescence of microspore wall, addition of 40-60 ${mu}ell$ of ferric chloride solution to the 1 $m\ell$ fixative was identified as most effective. At all stages of gametophytic development, the nuclei can be distinctly visualized. Starch granules does not intefere with the fluorochrome, and so the vegetative and generative nuclei were cleary visible in binucleate pollens. With its rapidity and reliability, this technique represents an efficient tool for routine staging or investigation of the nuclear status of the microspore during culture.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.11c
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• pp.580-582
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• 2004

As the demand of large and high-resolution display panels is increased, the black light units (BLU) of the display devices play an important roles. In this study we'll deal with various defects of BLUs. Patterns of defects can be classified by the scratches, the non-uniform misprinting for the diffused reflection, the surface stains, spots and etc. Due to these distorted patterns the high-resolution and high-precision could be impeded. We'll propose the visual inspection system to detect various defects by pattern-matching.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.518-523
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• 1998

A large quantity of ethylene glycol(EG) is remained in the effluent after pretreating polyester weight-loss wastewater physicochemically in the fist stage and must be treated biologically in the second stage. Therefore, an excellent EG-utilizing bacteria strain was isolated from the natural system and the optimal culture conditions of the strain were investigated. The optimal culture conditions of temperature, pH, and nitrogen source were found to be 35$^{\circ}C$, 7.5 and ammonium chloride, respectively, when CODCr removal efficiency was more than 90%. The growth of stains and EG removal efficiency was slightly improved by adding elements such as niacin and biotin. With increasing inoculation size in a batch culture, the removal efficiency of EG was conspicuously increased. Growth rate was inhibited when the initial concentration of EG was more then 30g/L. The strain was identified as Pseudomonas sp. based on morphological and biological characteristics and named as Pseudomonas sp. EG1.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.28-35
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• 1983

Quantitative analysis have been carried out on the micro-cracks on the surface and into the depth of unnotched smooth mild steel specimen under cyclic stains by rotating bending fatigue tests. Some of the results are; (1) Cracks initiate at the early stage of fatigue life N$_{I}$/ N$_{f}$=10 to 20%, and propagate during the rest of fatigue life. (2) Coalescence of highly crowded small fatigue cracks of random distribution seems to induce the final fracture at higher stress level. (3) The curves of crack initiation and the equal crack length on the graph of stress versus number of cycles are parallel to the S-N curve. (3) The curves of crack initiation and the equal crack length on the graph of stress versus number of cycles are parallel to the S-N curve. (4) The distributions of micro-surface crack length and depth show the composite Weibull distributions which are approximated to two straight lines separated by the value of transient region between stage I and stage II crack.k.k.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.27-31
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• 2003

Poorly differentiated synovial sarcoma is a variant of synovial sarcoma. We report a case of poorly differentiated synovial sarcoma imprinted after resection. The patient was a 47-year-old woman with a right shoulder pain for 6 months. The cytologic features showed malignant round to oval, monotonous tumor cells with high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio. Some tumor cells showed perivascular distribution and nuclear melding. Vague rosette-like structures were seen. On immunohistchemical stains, tumor cells were diffusely positive for CD99 and focally positive for epithelial membrane antigen. Ultrastructural examination showed desmosomes and microvilli.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.51-54
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• 2002

Heavy metal adsorptions of four streptomycetes were compared with each other, Among the test strains, Streptomyces viridochromogenes showed the most efficient metal binding activity, which was carried out by cell wall as well as freeze-dried mycelium. An order of adsorption potential (zinc > copper > lead > cadmium) was observed in single metal reactions, whereas this adsorption order was disturbed in mixed-metal reactions. The metal adsorption reactions were very fast, pH dependent and culture age-independen, suggestive of a physico-chemical reaction between cell wall components and heavy metal ions. The metal tolerant stains presented the weakest adsorbing activity, indicating that the metal biosorption was not the basis of the metal tolerance.