• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.951-957
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• 2013

Our aim was to investigate the chemopreventive potential of saffron in DMBA-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. Assessment was by monitoring the percentage of tumor bearing hamsters, tumor size as well as the status of detoxification agents, lipid peroxidation and antioxidants. Oral squamous cell carcinomas were induced in the buccal pouch of Syrian golden hamsters by painting them with 0.5% DMBA in liquid paraffin three times a week for 14 weeks. We observed 100% oral tumor formation with severe histopathological abnormalities in all the hamsters treated with DMBA alone, activities of phase I and phase II detoxification enzymes, lipid peroxidation and antioxidants being significantly altered. Though oral administration of saffron completely prevented the formation of tumors, we noticed severe hyperplasia and dysplasia in hamsters treated with DMBA, suggesting that tumors might eventually develop. Oral administration of saffron return detoxification enzymes, lipid peroxidation and antioxidants to normal ranges. The chemopreventive potential of saffron thus is likely due to antioxidant properties and modulating effects on detoxification in favour of the excretion of carcinogenic metabolites during DMBA-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.49-54
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• 1997

The modifying effects of Chelidonium majus L/(Papaeracea)herb extract(CH) ,and analgesic traditionally prescribed for gastric and duodenal ulcer patients, on gastric tumor development given Ν-methyl-Ν'-nitro-Ν-nitrosogyanidine(MNNG) were studied in sixty-four 6 week-old male Wistar rats. Group 1 rats were ini-tially given MNNG(200mg/kg b/w.) by gavage ar days 0 and 14 as well as saturated sodium chloride solution(S-NaCI, 1ml per rat) every 3 days during weeks 0 to 3(6 times) and then placed on basal diet containing 0.1 or 0.2% CH ofr 16 weeks from week 4. Rats of Groups 2 and 3 were treated with MNNG together with S-NaCI or saline(0.9% NaCI, 21ml per rat) respectively, timed as in Group 1 but without further treatment. All survival animals were killed at week 20 and histopathologically investigate. in the glandular stomach, the number of preneoplastic pepsinogen 1 altered pyloric glands(PAPGs) in the MNNG+S-NaCI→CH(0.1%) group(Group 1) was significantly smaller than in the MNNG+S-NaCI group(Group 2)(p<0.02). The inci-dences of forestomach neoplastic lesions (Papillomas and squamous cell carcinomas)also showed a tendency for decrease with the CH treatment. The results thus indicate that C"H exerts inhibitory effects on glandular for decrease with the CH treatment. The results thus indicate that CH exerts inhibitory effects on glandular stomach carcinogenesis in the rat, so that it may have potential as a chemopreventive agent for stomach cancer in man.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.121-126
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• 2012

Aberrations on the short arm of chromosome 8 (8p) are frequently observed in several human cancers. In this study, 20 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) specimens from the tongue were examined in order to evaluate the role of 8p in SCC of the tongue. Microsatellite analysis using 14 markers demonstrated two commonly deleted regions (CDRs) on 8p. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed frequent down-regulation of the FEZ1 gene, mapped to 8p22, and frequent over-expression of the cathepsin B gene, mapped to 8p-21-22. These results suggested that genetic aberrations are involved in the development of SCC of the tongue. However, no significant relationship was observed to be established between the genetic alterations and clinicopathological features. Thus, further investigation is necessary in order to clarify the clinical role of 8p in carcinoma of the tongue.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.307-319
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• 1986

성숙한 A/J, $C_{57}BL/6N$, DBA/2 및 NIH-GP계(系) 마우스에 benzo(a) pyrene과 charcoal powder를, $C_{57}/6N$ 및 NIH-GP계(系) 마우스에 Urethan을 기관내(氣管內) 주입(注入)하여 폐장(肺臟)의 종양발생(腫瘍發生)과 조직변화(組織變化)를 관찰(觀察)한 바 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. Benzo(a)pyrene을 주입(注入)한 군(群)에서는 편평상피암(扁平上皮癌) 및 선암(腺癌), 그리고 편평상피암(扁平上皮癌)과 선암(腺癌)의 혼합 발생예(例)를 볼 수 있었다. 이와 같은 병변(病變)은 A/J 및 $C_{57}BL/6N$계(系) 마우스에서 발생률(發生率)이 높았으며 A/J계(系) 마우스에서 편평상피암(扁平上皮癌)의 발생(發生) 및 분화(分化)가 현저하였다. 한편 DBA/2 및 NIH-GP계(系) 마우스에서는 종양(腫瘍) 발생률(發生率)이 극히 낮았다. Benzo(a)pyrene의 주입시(注入時) 동일 계통의 마우스에서도 대량을 주입(注入)할 때 선암(腺癌)보다 편평상피암(扁平上皮癌)의 발생(發生)이 많았으며 A/J계(系) 마우스에서는 편평상피암(扁平上皮癌) 단독(單獨) 발생예(發生例)가 다수 관찰(觀察)되었고 $C_{57}BL/6N$계(系) 마우스에서는 선암(腺癌) 및 선암(腺癌)과 편평상피암(扁平上皮癌)의 혼합 형태(形態)가 주(主)로 관찰(觀察)되었다. 그리고 기관지상피(氣管支上皮)의 편평상피화생(扁平上皮化生) 및 편평상피암(扁平上皮癌)의 발생시(發生時) alcian blue-PAS 양성반응세포가 관여함을 알 수 있었고 선종양조직(腺腫樣組織) 발생예(發生例)에서도 편평상피화생(扁平上皮化生) 및 편평상피암(扁平上皮癌)으로 분화(分化)되는 경우도 관찰(觀察)되었다. Urethan 주입군(注入群)은 극히 낮은 종양발생률(腫瘍發生率)을 나타내어 발암물질(發癌物質)의 종류(種類), 용량(用量) 및 마우스의 계통(系統)에 따라 종양(腫瘍)의 발생률(發生率) 및 형태(形態)의 차이가 인정되었다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.10-16
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• 2023

Background The chest wall defects can be caused by various reasons. In the case of malignant tumor resection of the chest wall, it is essential to reconstruct the chest wall to cover the vital tissue and restore the pulmonary function with prevention of paradoxical motion. With our experience, we analyzed and evaluated the results and complications of the chest wall reconstructions followed by malignant tumor resection. Methods From 2013 to 2022, we reviewed a medical record of patients who received chest reconstruction due to chest wall malignant tumor resection. The following data were retrieved: patients' demographic data, tumor type, type of operation, method of chest wall reconstruction of the soft and skeletal tissue and complications. Results There were seven males and six female patients. The causes of reconstruction were 12 primary tumors and one metastatic carcinoma. The pathological types were seven sarcomas, three invasive breast carcinoma, and three squamous cell carcinomas. The skeletal reconstruction was performed in six patients. The series of the flap were eight pedicled latissimus dorsi (LD) myocutaneous flaps, two pectoralis major myocutaneous flap, two vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous free flap, and one LD free flap. Among all the cases, only one staged reconstruction and successful reconstruction without flail chest. Most of the complications were atelectasis. Conclusion In the case of accompanying multiple ribs and sternal defect, skeletal reconstruction would need skeletal reconstruction to prevent paradoxical chest wall motion. The flap for soft tissue defect be selected according to defect size and location of chest wall. With our experience, we recommend the reconstruction algorithm for chest wall defect due to malignant tumor resection.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.117-127
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• 2002

배 경 : MUG1은 고분자량의 당화 당단백으로 정상적으로 선상피의 선단부에서 발현되나, 종양세포에서는 비정상적인 발현 양상을 보인다. CD44는 세포-세포간 부착, 세포-기질간 부착에 관여하는 당단백이다. 일부 종양에서 MUC1 과 CD44는 종양의 침습과 전이에 관계한다고 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 비소세포폐암에서의 MUC1과 CD44의 standard form (CD44s)의 발현과 조직형, TNM-병기와의 상관성을 조사하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 수술적 방법으로 얻은 비소세포폐암 80예의 파라핀포매 조직절편을 대상으로 하여 MUC1과 CD44s에 대한 면역조직화학염색을 시행하였다. 결 과 : MUC1 은 편평상피암종의 12/43예 (27.9%), 선암종의 12/37예 (32.4%)에서 양성으로 조직형에 따른 차이는 보이지 않았다(p=0.660). CD44s는 편평상 피암종의 36/43예(83.7%), 선암종의 14/37예 (37.8%)에서 양성으로 선암종에 비해 편평상피암종에서 발현이 유의하게 높았다(p<0.001). 편평상피암종에서 TNM-병기에 따른 MUC1의 양성율은 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 선암종에서 MUC1 양성은 N0에서 4/22예(18.2%), N1-2에서 8/15예 (53.3%)로 림프절 침범과 관련되었다(p=0.036). 편평상피암종에서 CD44s의 발현은 T-병기에 따른 의미있는 차이는 없었으나, N0기에서 16/21예 (72.7%), N1-2기에서 9/22예 (38.1%)로 CD44s의 발현의 감소는 림프절 침범과 관련되었다(p=0.031). 편평상피암종의 TNM-병기 I기에서 15/18예(83.3%), II-III기에서 10/25예 (40.0%)에서 CD44s 양성으로 CD44s 발현의 감소는 TNM-병기의 진행과 관련되었다(p=0.006). 결 론 : 비소세포폐암에서 MUC1과 CD44s는 종양의 조직형에 따라 다른 발현 양상을 보이고, 각각은 종양의 침습과 전이에 관여하는 것으로 보인다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.243-248
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• 2008

The Forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) has been shown to regulate transcription of cell cycle genes essential for $G_1$-S and $G_2$-M progression, including $p27^{kip1}$. The $p27^{kip1}$ gene is a member of the universal cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor family. Immunohistochemical studies for FoxM1 and $p27^{kip1}$ were performed in 154 lung cancers (69 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and 85 adenocarcinomas (ADC)). Immunoreactivity for FoxM1 and $p27^{kip1}$ were found in 79 (51.3%) and 49 (31.8%) out of 154 cases, respectively. Forty-six (58.2%) of the 79 cases with a positive FoxM1 immunoreactivity showed a negative $p27^{kip1}$ expression in 154 lung cancers. According to histologic type, 22 (53.7%) of the 41 SCC cases with a positive FoxM1 immunoreactivity showed a negative $p27^{kip1}$ expression and 24 (63.2%) of the 38 ADC cases with a positive FoxM1 immunoreactivity showed a negative $p27^{kip1}$ expression. The expression of $p27^{kip1}$ was significantly higher in the SCC than in the ADC (P=0.050). There were no significant associations between the FoxM1 and $p27^{kip1}$ expressions and other clinicopathologic factors. These findings suggest that FoxM1 overexpression may diminish the expression of $p27^{kip1}$ protein in lung cancers. Further studies are needed to define the relation between FoxM1 and $p27^{kip1}$ for examining the mechanisms of tissue-specific FoxM1 expression.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2023

Background: We reviewed the clinical outcomes of patients with oligometastatic (OM) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received multimodal therapy including lung surgery. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 117 patients with OM NSCLC who underwent complete resection of the primary tumor from 2014 to 2017. Results: The median follow-up duration was 2.91 years (95% confidence interval, 1.48-5.84 years). The patients included 73 men (62.4%), and 76 patients (64.9%) were under the age of 65 years. Based on histology, 97 adenocarcinomas and 14 squamous cell carcinomas were included. Biomarker analysis revealed that 53 patients tested positive for epidermal growth factor receptor, anaplastic lymphoma kinase, or ROS1 mutations, while 36 patients tested negative. Metastases were detected in the brain in 74 patients, the adrenal glands in 12 patients, bone in 5 patients, vertebrae in 4 patients, and other locations in 12 patients. Radiation therapy for organ metastasis was performed in 81 patients and surgical resection in 27 patients. The 1-year overall survival (OS) rate in these patients was 82.8%, and the 3- and 5-year OS rates were 52.6% and 37.2%, respectively. Patients with positive biomarker test results had 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates of 98%, 64%, and 42.7%, respectively. These patients had better OS than those with negative biomarker test results (p=0.031). Patients aged ≤65 years and those with pT1-2 cancers also showed better survival (both p=0.008). Conclusion: Surgical resection of primary lung cancer is a viable treatment option for selected patients with OM NSCLC in the context of multimodal therapy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권23호
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• pp.10255-10262
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• 2015

High risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) E2 proteins play roles in transcriptional regulation and are commonly functionally disrupted when the HPV genome integrates into host chromosomes. Some 15-40% of cancer cases, however, contain an intact E2 gene or episomal HPV. In these cases, polymorphism of the E2 gene might be involved. This study aimed to determine polymorphisms of the E2 gene in episomal HPV16 detected in high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and squamous cell carcinomas and altered functions compared to the E2 prototype. The E2 gene was amplified and sequenced. Two expression vectors containing E2 gene polymorphisms were constructed and transfected in SiHa and C33A cells, then E6 gene as well as Il-10 and TNF-${\alpha}$ expression was determined by quantitative RT-PCR. Expression vectors and reporter vectors containing the HPV16 long control region (LCR) were co-transfected and transcriptional activity was determined. The results showed that a total of 32 nucleotides and 23 amino acids were changed in all 20 cases of study, found in the transactivation (TA) domain, hinge (H) region and DNA binding (DB) domain with 14, 5 and 13 nucleotide positions. They mostly caused amino acid change. The expressing vectors containing different E2 gene polymorphisms showed E6 mRNA suppression, TNF-${\alpha}$ mRNA suppression and IL-10 induction but no statistically significant differences when compared to the E2 prototype. Moreover, promoter activity in HPV16 LCR was not affected by E2 protein with different gene polymorphisms, in contrast to nucleotide variations in LCR that showed an effect on transcription activity. These results demonstrated that E2 gene polymorphisms of episomal HPV16 did not affect transcriptional regulation and suggested that nucleotide variation as well as epigenetic modification of the LCR might play a role in inducing malignant transformation of cells containing episomal HPV16.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2005

목적:. 비인강암 환자들을 대상으로 방사선치료 성적을 후향적으로 분석하여 방사선치료의 효과 및 생존에 영향을 주는 요인들을 알아보고자 이 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1987년부터 2002년까지 계명대학교 동산의료원 방사선종양학과에서 비인강암으로 확진되어 근치적 방사선치료를 받은 43명을 대상으로 하였다. 대상 환자는 AJCC 병기 제 II기, III기, IV기가 각각 12명 ($27.9\%$), 13명($30.2\%$), 18명($41.9\%$)이었고, 조직병리학적으로는 편평세포암이 15명($34.9\%$), 비케라틴형성암이 8명($18.6\%$), 미분화암이 17명($39.5\%$), 림프상피종이 3명($7.0\%$)이었다. 치료방법은 방사선단독요법 31명($72.1\%$), 동시 항암화학방사선요법 5명($11.5\%$), 전보조항암화학요법 7명($16.3\%$)이었다. 항암화학요법을 받은 12명 중 11명 은 Cisplatin과 5-Fluorouracil을 4회, 1명 은 Cisplatin과 Taxotere를 6회 치료받았다. 총조사선량은 $61.2\~84Gy$였고 중앙값은 70.4 Gy였다. 생존 환자의 추적기간은 $2\~197$개월이었고 중앙값은 84개월이었다. 결과: 방사선치료 6개월 후 39명($90.7\%$)은 완전관해를, 4명($9.3\%$)은 부분관해를 보였다. 전체 환자의 5년 생존율 및 무병생존율은 각각, $50.7\%$, $48.9\%$였으며 중앙생존기간은 73개월, 57개월이었고, 단변량분석에서 연령, T-병기, 전체병기 및 치료방법에 따라서 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 다변량분석 결과, 5년 생존율 및 5년 무병생존율에 영향을 주는 변수로는 연령, N-병기 및 전체병기가 통계적으로 유의하였으며(p<0.05), $T_{1-3}$병기와 $T_4$병기 간에 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.01). 방사선치료 후 재발은 국소재발 단독 3명($7.0\%$), 원격전이 단독 11명($25.6\%$), 국소 및 원격전이 동시재발 1명($2.3\%$)이었다. 결론: 비인강암의 생존에 영향을 주는 예후 인자는 연령, T-병기($T_{1-3}$과 $T_4$), N-병기 및 전체병기임을 알 수 있었고 원격전이가 주된 실패 양상으로 분석되어 원격전이를 감소시키기 위해 적극적인 전신 항암화학요법이 필요하며 보다 효과적인 항암제와 투여방법에 관한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.