• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.38-43
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• 2000

Several studies have shown that the stomach has sufficient alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity to metabolize some amount of orally administered alcohol and the sex-related differences in the first-pass metabolism of alcohol might be associated with differences in the activity of gastric ADH(GADH). The aim of this study was to asses the sex-related differences in GADH in 48 male and 48 female Sprague-Dawley rats aged 1, 4, 10, 15, 20, and 30 weeks which each aged group had same sex ratio. The GADH activity was determined spectrophotometrically at 37$^{\circ}C$. The formation of NADH was monitored at 340nm for 10 minutes in the 1 ml of reaction mixture (0.5 M of Tris-HCl, pH 7.2 + 1.5 M of ethanol + 2.8 mM of NAD + 30 $\mu$l gastric mucosal supernatant). The GADH activity (nM of NADH/min/mg of cytosolic protein) was calculated using molecular extinction coefficient of 6.22 $\textrm{cm}^2$/$\mu$M for NADH. The GADH activities were 2.94$\pm$0.82 (n=48) in female rats and 3.34$\pm$2.17 (n=48) in male rats and had not significant difference between sex. However, the GADH activities were significantly (p<0.01) higher in female (1.91$\pm$0.59 and 3.30$\pm$0.49) than in male (0.68$\pm$0.43 and 1.92$\pm$0.81) of 1 and 4 weeks rats. However, it was significantly (p<0.05) higher in male (6.48$\pm$1.81, 3.65$\pm$1.04 and 5.13$\pm$1.30) than in female (4.23$\pm$1.23, 2.18$\pm$0.77 and 2.56$\pm$0.93) of 10, 20 and 30 weeks rats, respectively. Therefore, the results suggested that sex-related differences of the GADH activities in same aged rats were existed by age.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.12-23
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• 2002

Gender differences in the effects of gonadectomy and high cholesterol diet on body weight and body cholesterol were investigated by using Sprague Dawley rats. Body weight, plasma and liver levels of cholesterol and triglyceride and platelet aggregation were examined in ovariectomized(OVX) or orchidectomized(ODX) rats with their intacts after feeding diet with or without 0.5% cholesterol. Body weight was significantly increased(p < 0.01) in OVX rats and significantly decreased(p < 0.01) in ODX rats compared to their respective intact rats, and cholesterol diet significantly(p < 0.05) decreased body weight in gonadectomized rats. Liver lobes from rats fed cholesterol diet were opaque and larger than those from rats find control dict, resulting in a significant increase(p < 0.01) in LW/BW ratio. Plasma and liver levels of total cholesterol were significantly increased (p < 0.01) in female rats regardless ovariectomy when find 0.5% cholesterol diet, but those levels in male rats were increased only when they were orchidectomized(p < 0.0l). Plasma HDL-cholesterol was significantly decreased(p < 0.05) in both sexes when find cholesterol diet. HDL-cholesterol were higher in female than male rats regardless treatments(p < 0.05). Liver triglyceride was significantly increased(p < 0.05) in both sexes when find cholesterol dict. Plasma level of triglyceride was not different among groups except significant decrease(p < 0.05) in cholesterol find ODX rats. Maximum platelet aggregation in female rats was significantly lower(p < 0.05) than male, but ovariectomy and cholesterol diet caused an increase te the level of male rats. Microscopic examination showed cholesterol diet caused a lipid accumulation in liver. Results indicate that intact female rats have higher response to hypercholestcrolemic diet than intact male rats and orchidectomy causes male rats more responsive to hypercholesterolemic diet. However, ovariectomy causes an increase female food efficiency ratio to the level of male rats, significantly increasing body weight.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.405-408
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• 1997

랫트는 간질에 높은 감수성을 나타내기 때문에 간질의 연구에 실험실 모델로 많이 이용된다. 그러나 간질의 피낭유충을 랫트에 감염시킨 다음 랫트의 분변에서 충란을 검출해보면 충란의 검출률은 100%에 훨씬 못미쳐서 실험의 설계에 어려움을 겪는 경우가 흔하다. 이 연구에서는 우리나라에서 많이 사육되고 있는 4가지 스트레인(Sprague-Dawley, Fisher 344, the spontaneously hypertensive rats 그리고 Wistar-Kyoto)의 암 수 랫트에 간질의 피낭유충을 경구적으로 접종하고 분변검사와 부검을 실시하여 감염여부를 확인하였다. 충체회수율은 랫트의 성과 스트레인 간에 유의성 있는 차이를 보였는데 Sprague-Dawley계의 랫트가 가장 높은 충체회수율을 보였으며 평균 충체회수율은 암컷보다 수컷에서 높았다. 이 연구의 결과는 간질에 관한 연구 특히 간질구충제의 효능을 검정하는 시험에 유용한 지침이 될 것으로 사료된다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.68-68
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• 2002

To investigate the disease and recovery process of pneumoconiosis induced by welding-fume exposure, a lung fibrosis model was established by building a stainless steel arc welding fume generation system and exposing male Sprague-Dawley rats for 90 days.(omitted)

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.197-205
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• 2010

This study investigated the inhibitory effects of sea mustard on high-fat diet-induced obesity and hyperlipidemia in Sprague-Dawley rats. Sea mustard (Undaria pinnatifida) powder, sea mustard ethanol extract, and sea mustard ethanol-extracted residue were tested. The ethanol extracted residue had the most beneficial anti-hyperlipidemic activity. Alginate in the sea mustard was considered to be the key component. The ethanol-extracted residue of sea mustard also had antioxidant activity, which may be effective in preventing hyperlipidemia by increasing the enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase, which can remove active oxygen from the bloodstream.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.78-81
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• 2014

The single oral administration of red ginseng oil (5000 mg/kg) to Sprague-Dawley rats induced no changes in behavioral patterns, clinical signs, and body weight, and hepatotoxicity parameters such as aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase for 14 d. Therefore, these results suggest that the red ginseng oil is safe and nontoxic acutely.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.555-559
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• 2020

In order to examine the toxicity of palatinose-L (Pal-L) bioconverted from sucrose, we performed a 14-consecutive day toxicity study with male and female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. We recorded clinical signs of toxicity, body weight, organ weights, hematology, blood biochemical, urinalysis, histological changes in organs, such as the liver and kidneys, and clinical chemistry analysis data for all SD rats. There were no significant changes in food/water consumption, body weight, and organ weights during the experimental period. Although there were some hematologic and urinalysis alterations, these changes were not considered toxicologically significant. In addition, histopathological examination of the liver and kidneys revealed no abnormal or toxicological changes between the control and Pal-L-treated rats of both sexes. Collectively, these results suggest that Pal-L was not indicated to have any toxicity in the SD rats when it was orally administered up to a dose of 1,000 mg/kg/day for 14 days.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.88-96
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• 1999

The effect of acute cadmium-neuropathy on phospholipid metabolism in rat sciatic nerve was investigated. An animal model of cadmium neuropathy was induced by feeding diet containing cadmium to Sprague-Dawley rat for two weeks. Four weeks aged Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups : normal control group, 10ppm-cadmium treated group, 100ppm-cadmium treated group, 1000ppm-cadmium treated group, reference drug, myo-inositol-treated group. All rats were sacrificed at the end of two weeks. The rate of incorporation of 2-[3H]myo-inositol into polyphosphinositide was significantly decreased while the rates of incorporation into phospholipid of titratedserine, ethanolamine and choline were unchanged in sciatic nerve obtained from cadmium-treated rat. Continuously the activities of three enzymes concerned with inositol phospholiped metabolism were measured in homogenates of rat sciatic nerves. Cystidine diglyceride transferase and phophatidylinositol kinase showed significantly decreased activities while phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate kinase did not show any significant change in activity by cadmium treatment. However these deficits of inositol phospholipid metabolism were ameliorated by myo-inositol administration and these effectiveness were more potent in lower dose cadmiumtreated rats than higher dose cadmium-treated rats. These results suggest that cadmium intoxicated peripheral nerve with perturbation of the ployphosphoinositide metabolism and alteration of the enzyme activity which concerned with myo-inositol metabolism.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.242-247
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• 2005

Caseinomacropeptide (CMP) is a glycopeptide of 64 amino acid residues derived from the C-terminal of mammalian milk K-casein. Recently, human CMP (hCMP) was produced from the recombinant yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In this study, the antiobesity activity of the recombinant hCMP (rhCMP) was investigated in vivo using Sprague-Dawley rats. The rhCMP did not affect the rats fed with a normal fat diet (fat content, $5.0\%$), but decreased the body weight gain of the rats fed with a high fat diet (fat content, $20\%$) by up to $19\%$. Autopsies revealed that the weights of the liver, kidney and adipose tissues decreased when the rats were given the rhCMP, which also reduced the lipid concentrations in the plasma and liver, but enhanced the fecal excretion of lipids. These results suggest that rhCMP prevent the accumulation of lipid by stimulating its fecal excretion, so could be used as a food supplement to alleviate the obesity problem caused by a high fat diet.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.411-414
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• 1998

The acute toxicity of DWP-311 was investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats. DWP-311 was subcutaneously administratered at dose levels of 595, 1,070, 1,930, 3,470, and 6,250mg/kg. In this study, we daily examined numbers of deaths, clinical signs, body weights, and pathological examinations for 7 days after administration of DWP-311. The results indicate that DWP-311 did not show any toxic effect in rats and the oral $LD_{50}$ value was over 6,250mg/kg in Sprague-Dawley rats.