• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.135-140
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• 2006

Magnetocardiography (MCG) is the measurement and analysis of the magnetic component of the electro-magnetic field of the human heart, usually conducted externally, using extremely sensitive devices such as a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID). MCG is a totally noninvasive method, it uses neither radiation nor ultrasonics. The magnetic activity of the heart is registered from outside the thorax. MCG has a very high sensitivity and a high spatial resolution for very a small, local myocardial current. In comparison to the electrical signals measured by an ECG, the magnetic signal does not disturb the boundaries of tissues with different electrical properties. MCG measures the myocardial function rather than describing the morphology. MCG is a relatively new technique that promises good spatial resolution and extremely high temporal resolution, thus complementing other heart activity measurement techniques such as Electrocardiography (ECG). The clinical uses of MCG are in detecting various cardiac disorders including myocardial infarction, ventricular hypertrophy, ventricular conduction defects, Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome, sudden cardiac death and fetal magnetocardiography. Magnetocardiography may be used alone or together with electrcardiography for the measurement of spontaneous or overloaded activity and for research or clinical purposes.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.262-266
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• 1999

Obstruction of the extrahepatic bile ducts is the most common cause of conjugated hyperbilirubinemia in early infancy. More than 90% of such obstructive lesions are accounted for by extrahepatic biliary atresia. A rare lesion is obstruction of the common duct by impacted, thickened secretions and bile. Bile plug syndrome is defined as extrahepatic obstruction of the bile ducts by bile sludge in term infants without anatomic abnormalities, congenital chemical defects of bile, or hepatocellular lesions. Obstruction of extrahepatic ducts by plugs of biliary material apperas to be due to the inspissation and precipitation of bile and mucus within the lumen of the ducts. Cholestasis and precipitation of bile develop in association with abnormal composition of bile in cystic fibrosis, hepatocellular damage, prolonged erythroblastic jaundice, altered biliary dynamics with total parenteral nutrition, gut dysfunction, diuretic therapy, exchange transfusions and perinatal hemolysis. In those cases, the term inspissated bile syndrome is used. The clinical and laboratory findings in bile plug syndrome are identical to those observed in biliary atresia and choledochal cyst. The diagnosis can be suspected based on the findings of clinical and laboratory examinations together with hepatobiliary imaging, ultrasonography, radionuclide scan and liver biopsy. We experienced a case of spontaneous resolution of bile plug syndrome in a 4-year-old girl. We report this case with brief review related literatures.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.91-99
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• 2019

Background: The relationship between the size of bullae and pneumothorax recurrence is controversial. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the role of blebs or bullae in predicting ipsilateral recurrence in young patients experiencing their first episode of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) who underwent conservative treatment. Methods: A total of 299 cases of first-episode PSP were analyzed. The status of blebs or bullae was reviewed on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). The dystrophic severity score (DSS; range, 0 to 6 points) was calculated based on HRCT. Results: The 5-year recurrence rate was 38.2%. In univariate analysis, age (<20 years), body mass index (<$20kg/m^2$), a unilateral lesion, and intermediate risk (DSS 4 and 5) were associated with recurrence. Sex; smoking history; and the presence, number, and maximal size of blebs or bullae were not related to recurrence. In Cox regression, age and intermediate risk were independent risk factors for recurrence. High risk (DDS 6) was not an independent risk factor. Conclusion: The presence, number, and size of blebs or bullae did not affect ipsilateral recurrence. DSS failed to show a positive correlation between severity and recurrence. The decision to perform surgery in patients experiencing their first episode of PSP should not be determined by the severity of blebs and bullae.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2005

연구배경 : 결핵성 흉막염은 치료 이후 약 43 - 50%에서 잔여 흉막비후가 남으며 최근 치료 종결 이후에도 잔여 흉막비후의 자연흡수가 있을 수 있다. 저자들은 결핵성 흉막염에서 치료 종결 시점과 이후 마지막 추적 관찰시점까지 흉막 비후 정도를 추적 관찰하여 자연 흡수정도를 알아보고 이에 따라 흉막비후의 예측인자를 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2001년 3월부터 2003년 6월까지결핵성흉막염으로 진단받고 외래 추적 관찰이 이루어진 환자 64명을 대상으로 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결 과 : 투약 종료 시에 2mm이상의 잔여 흉막비후를 보이는 경우는 56%, 마지막 관찰시점(관찰기간중앙값 8개월)에서 42%로 9례가 관찰기간 중 자연 흡수되어 흉막비후가 소실됐으며, 15 례에서 10mm 미만으로 감소하는 소견을 보였다. 투약 종료 시에 흉막비후가 남아있던 36례 중 92%가 마지막 추적시까지 흉막비후가 완전히 또는 부분적으로 자연흡수되는 소견을 보였으며, 흉막비후의 감소는 유의한 차이를 보였다(p=0.00). 투약 종료 시에 잔여 흉막비후의 예측인자는 높은 CRP였고 최종 관찰시점에서는 흉수 내 낮은 총 백혈구치이었다. 결 론 : 결핵성 흉막염은 치료종결 후에도 자연흡수가 이루어지며 이는 흉막비후의 유무를 진단하는데 있어 치료종결시점이 아닌 추적 관찰이 이루어진 후에 판단하고, 그에 따른 예측인자를 분석하는 시도가 필요하리라 생각된다.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2022

Parathyroid carcinoma is very rare malignant neoplasm, accounting for less than 0.005% of all cancers. Most parathyroid carcinoma is a functioning tumor that causes hyperparathyroidism, leading to hypercalcemia. We report a parathyroid carcinoma case that was suspicious for spontaneous infarction of cancer, leading to resolution of hypercalcemia. A 29-year-old male visited our hospital presenting with right neck swelling and pain. He has been experiencing frequent urolithiasis for four years but laboratory tests showed normal serum calcium level. Right vocal cord paresis was identified with laryngoscopy. Ultrasonography revealed a 3.7 × 3.5 cm mass in the right thyroid containing a focal cystic portion. Computed tomography confirmed the presence of a low-density right thyroid mass. Right thyroid lobectomy was performed and pathological evaluation revealed parathyroid carcinoma with central necrosis. We report this very rare case with a literature review.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.178-183
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• 2006

61세 만성폐쇄폐질환 남자 환자로 호흡곤란을 주소로 내원하여 만성폐쇄성폐 질환 급성 악화 진단 하에 입원치료를 시작하였다. 입원치료 도중 다량의 자발성 피하공기증이 생기면서 호흡곤란이 악화되어 다수의 16 gauge 정맥용 도관 을 빗장중간선에 삽입하고 배출을 시도하였다. 그러나 피하공기증이 더욱 악화되어 wall suction으로 지속적인 흡인을 하였고 이후 피하공기증의 관해를 확인 할 수 있었다. 저자들은 16 gauge 정맥용 도관을 이용한 지속흡인으로 비침습 적이고 간편하게 피하공기증을 치료하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.201-212
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• 2006

Purpose : Vesicoureteral reflux(VUR) is the major risk factor of urinary tract infection(UTI) in children and may result in serious complications such as renal scarring and chronic renal failure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between VUR and renal scar formation, the usefulness and correlation of various imaging studies in reflux nephropathy, and the spontaneous resolution of VUR. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed 106 patients with VUR with no accompanying urogenital anomalies in the Department of Pediatrics, Bundang CHA Hospital during the period from Jan. 1996 to Mar. 2005. Ultrasonography and $^{99m}Tc$-dimercaptosuccinic acid(DMSA) scan were performed in the acute period of UTI. Voiding cystourethrography(VCUG) was performed 1 to 3 weeks after treatment with UTI. Follow-up DMSA scan was performed 4 to 6 months after treatment and a follow-up VCUG was performed every 12 months. Results : The mean age at detection of VUR was $13.8{\pm}22.2$ months and the male to female ratio was 2:1. The incidence of renal scarring showed a tendency of direct correlation between severity of VUR(P<0.001) and abnormal findings of renal ultrasonography(P<0.01). 63.2%(24 of 38 renal units) of renal parenchymal defects present in the first DMSA scan disappeared on follow-up DMSA scans. Follow-up DMSA scans detected renal scars in 7(14%) of 50 renal units with ultrasonographically normal kidneys. Meanwhile, ultrasonography did not show parenchymal defects in 7(36.8%) of 19 renal units where renal scarring was demonstrated on a follow-up DMSA scan. The spontaneous resolution rate of VUR was higher(75%) in cases with low grade(I to III) VUR(P<0.01). Conclusions : The presence and severity of VUR and abnormal findings of renal ultrasonography significantly correlated with renal scar formation. DMSA scan was useful in the diagnosis of renal defects. Meanwhile renal ultrasonography was an inadequate method for evaluating renal parenchymal damage. Therefore, follow-up DMSA scans should be performed to detect renal scars even in children with low-grade VUR and normal renal ultrasonography.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.123-128
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• 2005

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is the measurement of the magnetic fields produced by electrical activity in the brain, usually conducted externally, using extremely sensitive devices such as Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID). MEG needs complex and expensive measurement settings. Because the magnetic signals emitted by the brain are on the order of a few femtoteslas (1 fT = 10-15T), shielding from external magnetic signals, including the Earth's magnetic field, is necessary. An appropriate magnetically shielded room is very expensive, and constitutes the bulk of the expense of an MEG system. MEG is a relatively new technique that promises good spatial resolution and extremely high temporal resolution, thus complementing other brain activity measurement techniques such as electroencephalography (EEG), positron emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). MEG combines functional information from magnetic field recordings with structural information from MRI. The clinical uses of MEG are in detecting and localizing epileptic form spiking activity in patients with epilepsy, and in localizing eloquent cortex for surgical planning in patients with brain tumors. Magnetoencephalography may be used alone or together with electroencephalography, for the measurement of spontaneous or evoked activity, and for research or clinical purposes.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.421-428
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• 1997

초전도양자간섭소자(SQUID)를 이용한 자장센서는 현재 개발된 자장센서중에서 감도가 가장 우수한 소자로서 인체의 두뇌에서 발생하는 매우 미약한 자장에 측정이 가능하다. 뇌자도측정은 현재 많이 사용되고 있는 전기적인 측정(뇌파, 뇌유발전위) 에 비해 공간분해능이 우수하고, fMRI나 PET에 비해서는 시간분해능이 우수하므로 뇌기능연구에 유용하게 사용될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 뇌자도 측정을 위하여 4-채널 SQUID시스템을 개발하였다. 개발된 시스템의 주요 특징은 새로운 방식의 SQUID센서를 채택함으로서 간단한 회로로써 SQUID구동이 가능하도록 하였으며, 검출코일의 신뢰성을 향상시키기 위하여 집적화된 평면형 코일을 사용하였다. 외부 환경잡음을 소거하기 위하여 자기차폐실을 설치하였고, 개발된 SQUID 시스템을 이용하여 뇌의 청각령으로부터 발생하는 자기신호를 측정하였다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.362-368
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• 2007

배경: 자연기흉 환자에 있어서 폐기포가 존재할 경우 수술의 적응증이며, 폐기포 진단을 위한 많은 객관적 검사방법이 사용되어져 왔다. 본 연구는 자연기흉에 대해 기존의 고해상 전산화단층촬영술과 2 mm 비디오 흉강경검사의 진단 정확도를 비교 분석하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2001년 6월부터 2002년 3월까지 자연기흉으로 입원한 환자 중 고해상 전산화단층촬영술과 2 mm 비디오 흉강경검사를 모두 시행한 34명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 폐기포의 크기가 5 mm 이상인 경우를 의미 있는 폐기포로 간주하였다. 2 mm 비디오 흉강경검사상 의미 있는 폐기포가 발견된 18예와 출혈이 관찰되었던 1예에서 흉강경하 쐐기절제술을 시행하였으며, 나머지 15예는 폐쇄식 흉강삽관술만으로 치료를 하였다. 결과: 2 mm 비디오 흉강경검사상 52.9% (18/34)에서 의미 있는 폐기포가 관찰되었다. 수술을 시행한 19명의 환자에서 2 mm 비디오 흉강경검사의 진단 정확도는 94.7% (18/19)로 고해상 전산화단층촬영술의 13.7% (14/19)보다 높았다. 평균 $30{\pm}3$개월의 추적관찰 기간 중 수술군과 비수술군에서 재발은 없었다. 걸론 국소마취하에 시행하는 2 mm 비디오 흉강경검사는 기존에 사용되던 고해상 전산화단층촬영술보다 진단 정확도가 높으며, 자연기흉 환자에 대한 수술여부를 결정하는 데 유용한 대안적 검사법이라 생각된다.