• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.1290-1302
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• 2015

The aim of the study was to develop the scale for measuring prospective teacher's belief on workplace spirituality. The researchers revised the 'Workplace Spirituality Scale for Early Childhood Teacher (Lim, 2014)' into the draft of 'Workplace Spirituality Belief for Prospective Early Childhood Teacher (WSBS_PECT)' and then validated the draft of WSBS_PECT statistically. The data were collected from 664 prospective teachers participating 5 early childhood teacher programs. EFA, CFA, Correlations and some statistical methods were carried out for testing validity and reliability of the scale. As a result, the WSBS_PECT with 21 items of 4 factors - i.e. 'awareness of meaning of life', 'belief on calling for ECE teacher job', 'belief on relationships in community', and 'belief on membership in community'- was developed and identified as a available measurement for prospective childhood teachers.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.169-177
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• 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the influence of spirituality and job satisfaction on the compassion competence of hospice nurses. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 118 hospice nurses from 16 hospitals in Daejeon, Chungcheong Province, and Jeolla Province. A self-administered survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire including the Spirituality Scale, Index of Work Satisfaction, the Compassion Competence Scale for Nurses, and general socio-demographic information. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical linear regression analysis using SPSS for Windows version 26.0. Results: Compassion competence was correlated with spirituality (r=0.66, P＜0.001) and job satisfaction (r=0.52, P＜0.001), and spirituality was correlated with job satisfaction (r=0.44, P＜0.001). Spirituality (β=0.513, P＜0.001) and job satisfaction (β=0.273, P＜0.001) were significant factors affecting the compassion competence of hospice nurses, after adjusting for the sociodemographic and work-related covariates. The step-by-step results from hierarchical linear regression analysis also indicated that spirituality had a stronger impact than job satisfaction on compassion competence. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate the importance of spirituality, which plays a role in guiding the compassion competence of hospice nurses. It is necessary to support the spirituality and job satisfaction of hospice nurses, which could facilitate their compassion competence and thereby contribute to improving the quality of hospice and palliative care.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.717-735
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• 2014

This study aims to develop and validate the WSSECT (Workplace Spirituality Scale for Early Childhood Teacher) through literature review and statistical tests. The initial version with 40 items based on two dimensions of spirituality in individual and professional level was constructed. Then, it was revised twice for improving reliability and validity. Finally the WSSECT was constructed of 4 factors - i.e. 'calling for ECE teacher job', 'meaning for life', 'membership in educational community' and 'awareness of inner life' - including the 23 items. The scale will be expected to identify workplace spirituality of early childhood teacher.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.88-98
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was designed to assess the relationship between spirituality and state hope of medical social workers in Korea and their correlation was studied to provide data in developing effective spiritual and hope intervention for medial social workers. Methods: The study surveyed 102 medical social workers in Korea from September 1, 2011 to September 30, 2011. The study employed the Korean version of the State Hope Scale (SHS) and Spirituality Scales (SS). For data analysis, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and simple regression were performed using the SPSS WIN ver. 17.0. Results: Spirituality scores showed a significant difference according to religion. The mean score of spirituality was 3.80/5.00 and the mean score of state hope was 6.36/8.00. Spirituality scoresand state hope scoresshowed a significant positive association (P<0.001). Conclusion: This study showed a significant positive association between medical social workers' spirituality and their state hope of. Future studies would be needed to further explorespirituality and state hope.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.101-110
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was a descriptive research study that investigates nurses' beliefs concerning death anxiety and spirituality. Method: The subjects were 150 nurses working at general hospitals located in Busan city. Data collection was carried out from October 15 to November 30, 2008. The study used a 'Death Anxiety Scale' and a 'Korean Spirituality Scale.' The collected data was analyzed for frequency, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient with the SPSS/WIN 17.0. Result: The level of death anxiety of the subjects averaged 3.25. In each sub-factor, 'awareness of shortness of time' was the highest at 3.57 points. Spirituality level of the subjects averaged 3.51. In each sub-factor, meaning and purpose of life was the highest at 3.70 points. In differences of death anxiety followed by general characteristics, there were significant differences according to age, and educational level. For spirituality, followed by general characteristics, there were significant differences according to age, educational level, religion, working period, and understanding about death and spirituality. There was a weak inverse correlation among fear for accidents involved with death, total spirituality level and meaning, and purpose of life. Conclusion: Future research should examine relations between nurses' death anxiety and spirituality level through random sampling and research to check psychological and social variables that influence death anxiety and spirituality. Development of a program to lessen nurses' death anxiety and to raise their spirituality level would be prudent.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.168-179
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• 2001

Spirituality has been found as a factor that may influence an individual's health and response to illness and dying. The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Howden's Spiritual Assessment Scale(SAS). The SAS was developed based on the attributes of spirituality and constructed with 28 items, 4 subscales. The translation involved four steps : translation into Korean, checking agreement, back translation into English, and arriving at a consensus. Psychometric evaluation was done on 222 nurses from five hospitals. All responses were voluntary and anonymous. The Cronbach's alpa coefficient for internal consistency was .928 for the total 28 items and .700${\sim}$.805 for subdimensions. Item- total correlations ranged from .36${\sim}$.68. Principal Component Factor Analysis with Varimax Rotation yielded four factors with four or more items each loading at .40 or higher. These factors explained 51.3% of the total variance. The items clustered in this study were almost identical with initial scale. There was positive correlation(r=.648, p=.0001) between SAS and Ellison & Paloutzian's Spiritual Wellbeing Scale and negative correlation(r=-.418, p=.000) with Pines' Burnout Scale which indicate convergent and discriminant validity. In conclusion, this tool can be effectively utilized for assessing spirituality in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.265-274
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was to identify the level of spirituality in student nurses and to provide baseline data to develop a spirituality development education program. Method: The participants were 499 students in departments of nursing in 5 universities in Busan. The data were collected between June 7 and July 18, 2002. The instrument was used Howden's spirituality assessment scale. Collected data were analyzed with frequencies, percentages, $Means{\pm}SD$, t-test F-test, Scheffe test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. The SPSS program was used. Results: 1) The mean score for spirituality was $101.14{\pm}8.70$ (range 26-130). 2) The mean score for perceived health state was $3.42{\pm}0.80$. 3) Spirituality according to general characteristics showed significant differences for sex, religion, practice experience, smoking, drinking, and climate of home. 4) Spirituality according to religious characteristics showed significant differences for influence of religion, necessity of religion, help from religion, subjectivity of God in life, reading religious books, participation in religion ceremonies. 5) There was a significant positive correlation between perceived health state and spirituality. Conclusion: The spirituality of the student nurses was high and differed according to sex, religion, practice experience, smoking, drinking, and climate of home, religious characteristics, spirituality, and perceived health status.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.163-190
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• 2011

This study assessed the manner in which social activities, religious experiences, and spiritual practices related to depression and life satisfaction among 217 Korean elderly individuals, aged 65 to 80. The Social Activities Scale and Brief Multidimensional Measure of Religiosity/Spirituality were employed to assess social activities and six domains of religiosity/spirituality: daily spiritual experiences, values, forgiveness, private religious practice, religious/spiritual coping, and religious support. In addition, depression was assessed with the Geriatric Depression Scale, and life satisfaction with the Satisfaction with Life Scale. After controlling for demographic variables, lower depression scores were predicted by higher levels of religious and spiritual coping, social activities, higher income, and ower daily spiritual experiences. In addition, identifying as female, advanced old age, and lower social activities predicted lower life satisfaction in this study. The implications of this study's findings on social work practice are also discussed, along with some future research directions.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.190-199
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was done to investigate suicidal ideation and spirituality of college students. Method: The participants were 295 college students located in Busan city and Kyung Nam Province. The study used a 'Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire' and a 'Korean Spirituality Scale'. The collected data was analyzed for t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 19.0 program. Result: The level of suicidal ideation and spirituality of the participants averaged 1.73 and 3.44 respectively. In each sub-factor, meaning and purpose of life was the highest at 3.70 points. In differences of suicidal ideation and spirituality followed by general characteristics, there were significant differences according to gender, major, religion, and cohabitation. There were inverse correlations among suicidal ideation, spirituality level, connectedness, meaning and purpose of life, inner resources, and awareness. Suicidal ideation was significantly associated with major, spirituality level, connectedness, and meaning and purpose of life which explained 22% of variance in suicidal ideation. Conclusion: Future research should examine relations between college students' suicidal ideation and spirituality level through random sampling. Development of a program to lessen college students' suicidal ideation and to raise their spirituality level should be prudent.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.106-117
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• 2024

Purpose: This study examined the effects of stress vulnerability and parental burnout on the mental health of women with early school-aged children, with a focus on the mediating role of spirituality. Methods: A survey was conducted among 171 women with early schoolaged children in Gyeonggi Province, Gangwon Province, and Seoul. Data were collected from September to December 2022 using the Korean-Symptom Check List 95, the Parental Burnout Assessment, and the Spirituality Assessment Scale. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling with SPSS/WIN 22.0 and AMOS 20.0. Results: The study model demonstrated a good fit, explaining 40.5% of the variance in mental health through stress vulnerability, parental burnout, and spirituality. Spirituality had a significant direct impact on mental health. Additionally, participants' spirituality directly influenced their mental health, while stress vulnerability and parental burnout indirectly affected their mental health and were mediated through spirituality. Conclusion: Stress vulnerability and parental burnout are negatively associated with mental health, while spirituality partially mediates these effects. Implementing a program to promote spirituality is suggested to assist mothers in recognizing the value and meaning of parenting activities during nursing interventions for mental health.