• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.252-261
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• 2015

The aim of this study is to gain a better understanding of the relationship between the mental health and spiritual wellbeing of the wives of pastors by analyzing the influence of both negative and positive elements of mental health (depression and psychological wellbeing) and spiritual wellness. The findings of conducted survey and the analysis of its result on the 236 subjects to measure their psychological wellbeing, depression, and spiritual wellbeing are as follows: First, the verified result of the differences between depression, psychological wellness, and spiritual wellness depending on the demographic variables revealed that the satisfaction level of ministry uniquely showed a 5% level of significance. Second, depression showed a negative correlation with spiritual wellbeing, and a positive correlation with psychological wellbeing, which proves that rather than depression, psychological wellbeing possesses a greater influence on spiritual wellness. Third, a one-level increase of depression and psychological wellbeing had an influence on spiritual wellbeing by - 0.282 and 0.668 respectively. Lastly, the study categorized the subjects into two groups -- those who are satisfied with their ministry and those who are not -- to analyze the influence of the sub-factors of depression and psychological wellbeing on the sub-factors of spiritual wellness. As a result, both groups showed that depression had significant influence only on the existential wellbeing, while psychological wellbeing had an influence on both religious and existential wellbeing, and rather than depression, a negative state of mental health, a psychological wellbeing which is a positive state of mental health had a greater influence. The study also revealed that depression and psychological wellbeing had a greater influence on the group that is dissatisfied with their ministry than the group that is satisfied.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.77-88
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• 2000

The arthritis patients suffer from psychological, social and spiritual problems as well as physical problems because the arthritis is not curable and has chronic pain, joint deformity, limitation of activity and physical dysfunction for all of his life. Especially if they do not find the meaning in their lives, they will experience spiritual distress seriously. Therefore, it is important that nurses help the patients to find the meaning in their lives and to reduce spiritual distress. The purpose of this study is to provide a basis for nursing intervention strategies to minimize the arthritis patients' spiritual distress and understand the relationship between the meaning of life and the spiritual distress in arthritis patients. The samples were composed of 157 arthritis patients. Data collection was carried out from October 1, 1998 to February 28, 1999. Data were analyzed using a SAS program for descriptive statistic, Pearson correlation, t-test, ANOVA, linear regression. The results were as follow; 1. The scores on the meaning of life scale ranged from 51 to 130 with a mean of 93. 2. The scores on the spiritual distress scale ranged from 26 to 91 with a mean of 60. 3. There were significant correlations between the meaning of life and the spiritual distress(r=.53, p=.00). 4. The linear regression analysis showed that the meaning of life explained 13% of the spiritual distress. 5. In the degree of the meaning of life and the spiritual distress according to the general characteristics, the level of the meaning of life in arthritis patients was different by the duration of incidence(F=2.71, p=.03). In conclusion, the nursing intervention strategies to reduce the spiritual distress in arthritis patients must take into account the meaning of life.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.510-510
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• 2005

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.186-194
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• 2013

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to identify correlation of spiritual well-being, social support, life satisfaction and depression in the community dwelling elderly, and to explore a possibility to apply the spiritual well-being, and social support as resources to promote welfare of the elderly. Methods: A structured questionnaire was used to obtain data from a convenience sample of 222 senior citizens, who visited social welfare centers in Gangwon-do from September to October, 2010. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression. Results: There were significant differences in spiritual well-being based on religion, satisfaction to religion, economic status, physical health, and life satisfaction. Social support was significantly different according to economic status, physical health, life satisfaction, and social gathering. The existential well-being, family support, and special support had a significant effect on life satisfaction, and demonstrated positive correlations with the well-being of the elderly. Conclusion: Spiritual well-being and social support have significant effects on depression and life satisfaction of senior citizens. Thus spiritual well-being and social support can be considered as important factors that improve the elderly's quality of life.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.71-80
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was conducted to compare the level of depressive symptom, spiritual well-being and faith maturity between college freshmen and seniors and to investigate the affecting factors on their depressive symptom. Methods: The study was cross-sectional descriptive survey. A self-report questionnaire were used to collect data from 335 college students during June to July, 2010. Data were analyzed by ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression using the SPSS/WIN 14.0 program. Results: The mean score of depressive symptom was $17.55{\pm}11.24$ and prevalence of depression was 26.5% in college freshmen. And those in college seniors were $14.18{\pm}14.17$ and 17.4%. And those were significantly higher in college freshmen than in seniors. The depressive symptom was a significant negative correlation with spiritual well-being, existential spiritual well-being, religious spiritual well-being, and faith maturity. Factors significantly influencing on depression in college freshmen included existential spiritual well-being, subjective health status, age, and confidence of salvation ($R^2$=49.7%). And those in college seniors included existential spiritual well-being and life satisfaction ($R^2$=53.3%). Conclusion: The counseling program and spirituality development program for preventing depression considering these affecting factors for especially college freshmen are necessary.

• Health Communication
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.149-158
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• 2018

Background: This study was to survey the effect of the degree of spiritual nursing care performance on the spiritual nursing care ability of the nursing students Methods: The researcher sampled 130 nursing students for a questionnaire survey conducted from September 17 until September 27, 2018. The data of analysis used SPSS 23.0 program. Results: The spiritual nursing care ability was $4.4{\pm}0.8$(total score 6) and the degree of spiritual nursing care performance was $2.9{\pm}1.8$(total score 4). The spiritual nursing care ability differed significantly depending on religion(F=7.570, p<.001), the level of spiritual nursing knowledge(F=19.873, p<.001), education type(F=14.626, p<.001), necessity of hospice(t=2.280, p=.024). The degree of spiritual nursing care performance differed significantly depending on spiritual nursing education time(F=2.932, p=.036). The correlation of two variable was statistically significant difference(r=.206, p=.019). The influencing factors on the spiritual nursing care ability was religion, the level of spiritual nursing knowledge, education type, dying experience($R^2=0.378$, Adj $R^2=0.353$), the degree of spiritual nursing care performance was spiritual nursing education time($R^2=0.065$, Adj $R^2=0.043$). Conclusion: These results show that nursing students are not able to perform spiritual nursing care properly to subjects who need spiritual nursing care. Therefore, it is necessary to develope programs to meet the spiritual nursing care needs of nursing students and to provide practical education in accordance with the program by cooperating with the nursing education staff, clergy and clinical nurse etc. And spiritual nursing care should be taught as a required subjects in the curriculum.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.462-472
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to describe the spiritual care experiences of student nurses after they have received 2 credits in a spiritual nursing care course at a university in Seoul, Korea. The major finding are as follow: 1 The problems that students reported for their patients were. loss of self- confidence, anxiety about outward appearance, anxiety about his(her) health and illness, maladaptability, guilt, problems with dating, uncertainty about his (her) future. 2. The methods which students used to help solve the patients' problems were: prayer with patients, use of Scripture, conversation, advice, frequent meetings listening, frequent phone call, writing letters, exploring problem solving methods together, and introduction of similar patients. 3. After the students had experienced spiritual nursing care they felt satis-faction, lack of knowledge of spiritual care, understood that spiritual nursing care courses at the university are important for education and experience, and understood the need for experience to increase sensitivity to the spiritual needs of their patients. Conclusion : Maintaining spiritual wellness is a important as maintaining physical fitness and essential for optimal well being. Therefore educating student nurses in developing and maintaining spiritual wellness is essential in order for them to help their patients achieve holism.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.92-100
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was to provide basic data for comprehensive nursing care for elderly people and to compare the spiritual well-being and perceived health status between elderly people who have above average income and those who have low income. Method: The data were collected from 80 elders with above average income and 81 with low income through face-to-face interviews. An elder was defined as a person over 60 years of age. The data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, ANCOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and Scheffe test. Result: The mean score for spiritual well being for elders with above average income was 2.90 of a total possible score of 4 and for elders with low income, 2.49 and the difference was significant. The mean score for perceived health status for elders with above average income was 8.93 of a total possible score of 14 and for elders with low income, 7.47 and the difference was also significant. There was a statistically positive correlation between existential well-being and perceived health status for the total sample of elderly people and for the elders with low income. Conclusion: Spiritual nursing care should be included in comprehensive health care programs for elderly people in Korea. Especially, it is important to develop nursing interventions for elders with low income that will increase their spiritual well-being and help them to develop positive thinking towards perceived health status.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.343-349
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships among self-esteem, meaning in life, and spiritual well-being in middle school students. Methods: The research design was a descriptive correlational survey involving 405 middle school students in grades 1 to 3 in S city, K city, and C city. Data were collected from March to May 2008 using questionnaires. Means with standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan post-hoc test, and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to analyze the data. Results: According to general characteristics of the students, there were statistically significant differences in self-esteem for gender, grade, and region, in meaning in life, there were significant differences for grade, gender, and region, and in spiritual well-being, there were statistically significant differences for gender, religion, and region. There were significant correlations between self-esteem and meaning in life, between self-esteem and spiritual well-being, and between meaning in life and spiritual well-being. Conclusion: Self-esteem, meaning in life, and spiritual well-being should be considered as important factors for healthy development in the middle school period. These three variables should be considered as the main content for self-development programs for middle school students.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.231-241
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting the spiritual well-being of mentally disabled residents of institutions. The data were collected from July 1 to 25 in 2014. Data were collected by questionnaire from 145 mentally disabled residents of institutions. The instruments for this study were social support, self-esteem, depression, insight, spiritual well-being. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression with the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. According to results, the degree of social support, self-esteem, insight and spiritual well-being was higher than and depression was lower. The significant factors influencing spiritual well-being were depression (${\beta}=-.32$, p<.001), insight (${\beta}=-.21$, p=.003), social support (${\beta}=-.21$, p=.006) and self-esteem (${\beta}=-.18$, p=.047). The study reveals that it is necessary to develop a program that decreases depression and increases insight, social support and self-esteem.