• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.90-95
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• 2000

The ferrites, CuFe2O4 and SrFe12O129, were applied to decompose H2O for H2 generation. The ferrites prepared by the coprecipitation were reduced by CH4 gas to make the oxygen deficient ferrite. H2O was decomposed to form H2 by the oxygen deficient iron oxide, and the decomposition reactions were accelerated by the addition of divalent metals such as Cu and Sr in the ferrites. The spinel type CuFe2O4 containing a relatively large amount of divalent metals was more effective to H2 generation than magnetoplumbite type SrFe12O19 in H2O decomposition.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 1992

The fundamental research about the amorphous ferrite, which is expected as the important material for electronic and information imdustry in future, was carried out in this work. Because the ferromagnetic amorphous ferrites reported recently are very inferior in magnetic properties than the crystalline ferrites, the development of the more ferromagnetic amorphous ferrites is required. In order to obtain the fundamental data for the preparation of amorphous ferrites, the hand-made twin-roller quenching apparatus was used for rapid quenching. Investigation on amorphous ferrite in the system $CaO-Bi_{2}O_{3}-Fe_{2}O_{3}$ has been carried out in the composition of 10-50 mole% CaO, 10-50 mole% $Bi_{2}O_{3}$, 40-70 mole% $Fe_{2}O_{3}$. Large magnetization values were obtained near the composition of the mixture of $BiFeO_{3}$ and $CaFe_{4}O_{7}$. Especially, an amorphous ${(CaO)}_{20}{(Bi_{2}O_{3})_{15}{(Fe_{2}O_{3})}_{65}$ specimen has a magmetization value of about 21.84 emu/g at 0K(10 kOe). Fe $M\"{o}ssbauer$ absorption spectrum indicates that this specimen is compsed of two amorphous phases, antiferromagnetic phase($\alpha$-phase) and ferromagnetic phase($\beta$-phase). Crystallization of this amorphous ferrite was happened in steps-$550^{\circ}C$ and $775^{\circ}C$, then observed crystal phases were perovskite phase of $BiFeO_{3}$ and $Fe_{2}O_{3}$ phase.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.25 no.12
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• pp.713-718
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• 2015

A new method is proposed for the calculation of the unrelaxed surface energy of spinel ferrite. The surface energy calculation consists of (1) setting the central and computational domains in the semi-infinite real lattice, having a specific surface, and having an infinite real lattice; (2) calculation of the lattice energies produced by the associated portion of each ion in the relative domain; and (3) dividing the difference between the semi-infinite lattice energy and the infinite lattice energy on the exposed surface area in the central domain. The surface energy was found to converge with a slight expansion of the domain in the real lattice. This method is superior to any other so far reported due to its simple concept and reduced computing burden. The unrelaxed surface energies of the (100), (110), and (111) of $ZnFe_2O_4$ and $Fe_3O_4$ were evaluated by using in the semi-infinite real lattices containing only one surface. For the normal spinel $ZnFe_2O_4$, the(100), which consisted of tetrahedral coordinated $Zn^{2+}$ was electrostatically the most stable surface. But, for the inverses pinel $Fe_3O_4$, the(111), which consisted of tetrahedral coordinated $Fe^{3+}$ and octahedral coordinated $Fe^{2+}$ was electrostatically the most stable surface.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 1995

The systematic variation of complex permeability and complex permittivity and their relationship with micro-wave absorbing properties are investigated in sintered Ni-Zn ferrites of non-stoichiometric composition. The specirrens of ${(Ni_{0.5}Zn_{0.5}O)}_{1-x}(Fe_{2}O_{3})_{1+x}$ spinels were prepared by a conventional ceramic processing technique. In the present study. complex permeability and permittivity can be controlled by the variation of ${\alpha}-Fe_{2}O_{3}$ contents in the spinel lattice. The primary effect of the excess ${\alpha}-Fe_{2}O_{3}$ is to increase the dielectric constant. while the notable decrease of magnetic loss is observed in the iron-deficient ferrites. The results suggest that the matching fre-queocyand matching thickness could be controlled by the variation of ${\alpha}-Fe_{2}O_{3}$ contents in the Ni-Zn ferrite.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.578-583
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• 2006

We studied the physical properties of Ni-Zn ferrites by adding different chemicals such as $SO_4$, Cl, and $NO_3$. Specimens were prepared by the coprecipitation method and sintered at temperatures $950^{\circ}C,\;1,150^{\circ}C,\;and\;1,350^{\circ}C$, respectively. X-ray diffractions showed a spinel structure and the optical microscopy revealed grain size of 0.3 to 0.6 ${\mu}m$. The optimum sintering temperature to obtain fine, sintered microstructure depended on the additive : Cl and $NO_3\;at\;950^{\circ}C\;and\;SO_4\;at\;1,150^{\circ}C$. According to particle size analysis, higher magnetic permeability and magnetization value were observed with Cl and $NO_3\;than\;SO_4$. As sintering temperature was raised from $950^{\circ}C$ to $1,350^{\circ}C$, the average grain diameter, initial permeability and the magnetic moment also increased.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.378-378
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• 2010

We report the electronic structure of CoFeO-R (R=Hf, La, Nb) thin films studied by x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). These ferrites thin films were prepared by pulsed laser deposition method and characterized by XAS measurements at O K-, Co and Fe L-edges. The O K-edge spectra suggest that there is a strong hybridization between O 2p and 3d electrons of transition metal cations and Fe $L_{3,2}$-edge spectra indicate that Fe-ions exist in $Fe^{2+}$ with tetrahedral site of the spinel structure. Divalent Co ions is also distributed in tetrahedral site with rare earth ions goes to octahedral sites of spinel structure. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) is also used to explain the symmetry and magnetic nature dependence on rare-earth ions.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.223-226
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• 2000

The oxygen deficient ferrites $(Ni_x,\; Zn_{1-x})Fe_2O_{4-{\delta}}$ can decompose $CO_2$ as C and $O_2$ at a low temperature of about $300^{\circ}C$. Ultra powders of $(Ni_x,\; Zn_{1-x})Fe_2O_4$ for the $CO_2$ decomposition were prepared by the hydrothermal methods. The XRD result of synthesized ferries showed the spinel structure of ferrites and ICP-AES and EDS quantitative analyses showed the composition similar with the starting molar ratios of the mixed solution prior to reaction. The BET surface area of the synthesized(Ni, Zn)-ferrites was above $110\textrm{m}^2/g$ and its particle size was very as small as about 5~10 nm. The $CO_2$ decomposition efficiency of the oxygen deficient ferrites($(Ni_x,\;Zn_{1-x})Fe_2O_{4-{\delta}}$) was almost independent with composition and the $CO_2$ decomposition efficiency of ternary (Ni, Zn)-ferrites was better than of binary Ni-ferrites.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.382-387
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• 1996

The characteristics of the complex permeability of ${(Ni_{x}Cu_{0.2}Zn_{0.8-x}O)}_{1-w}{(Fe_{2}O_{3})}_{1+w}$ with various Ni and $Co_{3}O_{4}$ contents were investigated in this work. It is found that the NiCuZn ferrites with $x{\geq}0.6$ have a relatively small peak width of the imaginary part of permeability $\mu$". The resonance frequency is increased as Ni content becomes higher, where the loss is low. The $\mu$" value decreases with increasing FezO, deficiency, but the resonance frequency($f_{\mu"max}$) is only slightly affected by $Fe_{2}O_{3}$ deficiency. In case of $Co_{3}O_{4}$ addition to the NiCuZn ferrites, the $f_{\mu"max}$ increases since the initial permeability decreases with the amount of $Co_{3}O_{4}$. It is concluded that the Ni content in the NiCuZn ferrite is a dominant factor for the total loss of these spinel ferrites.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.282-286
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• 2005

Ni-Cu-Zn ferrites were prepared by the co-precipitation and ferrite microwave absorbers on low temperature sintering were investigated in this work. The properties of its microwave absorbing and physical were analyzed into variations of Ni addition, calcination temperature, sintering temperature. From the analysis of X-ray diffraction patterns, we can see that all the particles have only a single phase spinel structure. In addition, the powders particle size distribution obtained the nano size. By increasing the Ni additive, the permeability of the powders was decreased and the loss factor increased at sintering temperature $1100^{\circ}C$. Also, we considered that it can used high frequency rage. We found that the $(Ni_{0.7}Cu_{0.2}Zn_{0.1}O)_{1.02}(Fe_{2}O_3)_{0.98}$ appeared microwave absorbing properties better than other composition.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.229-240
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• 2015

In this study, nanocrystalline ferrite powders with the composition $Ni_{0.5}Zn_{0.5}Fe_2O_4$ were prepared by the autocombustion method. The obtained powders were sintered at $800^{\circ}C$, $900^{\circ}C$ and $1,000^{\circ}C$ for 4 h in air atmosphere. The as-prepared and the sintered powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and magnetization studies. An increase in the crystallite size and a slight decrease in the lattice constant with sintering temperature were observed, whereas microstrain was observed to be negative for all the samples. Two significant absorption bands in the wave number range of the $400cm^{-1}$ to $600cm^{-1}$ have been observed in the FT-IR spectra for all samples which is the distinctive feature of the spinel ferrites. The force constants were found to vary with sintering temperature, suggesting a cation redistribution and modification in the unit cell of the spinel. The M-H loops indicate smaller coercivity, which is the typical nature of the soft ferrites. The observed variation in the saturation magnetization and coercivity with sintering temperature has been attributed to the role of surface, inhomogeneous cation distribution, and increase in the crystallite size.