• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.137-144
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• 2010

In general, spinal fusion surgery takes pressure off the pain induced nerves, by restoring the alignment of the spine. Therefore spinal fixation system is used to maintain the alignment of spine. In this study, a biomechanical study was performed comparing the SROM(Spinal Range Of Motion) of three types of system such as Rigid, Dynesys, and Fused system to analyze the behavior of spinal fixation system inserted in vertebra. Dynesys system, a flexible posterior stabilization system that provides an alternative to fusion, is designed to preserve inter-segmental kinematics and alleviate loading at the facet joints. In this study, SROM of inter-vertebra with spinal fixation system installed in the virtual vertebra from L4 to S1 is estimated. To compare with spinal fixation system, a simulation was performed by BRG. LifeMOD 2005.5.0 was used to create the human virtual model of spinal fixation system. Through this, each SROM of flexion, extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation of human virtual model was measured. The result demonstrates that the movement of Dynesys system was similar to normal condition through allowing the movement of lumbar.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.209-215
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of postural control training using a horseback riding simulation on the spinal alignment of children with cerebral palsy. Methods: This study was conducted with 30 children with cerebral palsy at levels I~IV in the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), and they were randomly divided into a control group and a hippotherapy group. Both the control group and the experimental group received NDT for 30 minutes per session, four times per week for ten weeks, while the experimental group also received hippotherapy 15 minutes per session, four times per week for ten weeks, after the neurodevelopmental treatment (NDT). The horseback riding simulators (JOBA, EU7805, Panasonic) used in this study simulated actual horse movements. Trunk imbalance, pelvic torsion, and pelvic tilt were measured in each group before the exercise and five weeks and ten weeks after the beginning of the exercise using a spinal structure analysis system (ABW Mapper). Results: The Intra-group effects on trunk imbalance, pelvic torsion, and pelvic tilt according to the exercise periods after the hippotherapy were tested, and the results showed significant interaction effects between the groups and the periods (p<0.05). Conclusion: The horseback riding simulation exercise was shown to be effective for the spinal alignment of children with cerebral palsy. Therefore, additional studies should be conducted with more children with CP divided by type.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.430-437
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 3-dimensional posture correction(3DPC) exercise program incorporating PNF respiratory muscle strengthening(RMS) exercise on spinal alignment and trunk expansion in patients with idiopathic scoliosis and the difference in intervention effect by type of idiopathic scoliosis. Design: Comparative study using paired t-test and analysis of variance measures. Methods: The subjects of this study were 5 men and 24 women diagnosed with idiopathic scoliosis with a Cobb angle greater than 10 degrees and less than 45 degrees. A 3DPC exercise program incorporating PNF RMS exercise was conducted twice a week for 1 hour per session for 6 weeks, and Cobb angle, Angle of trunk rotation, and trunk expansion were measured before and after the intervention. Results: After the intervention, Cobb angle and trunk rotation angle showed a statistically significant decrease, and trunk expansion showed a statistically significant increase. In the effect difference by type, there was a statistically significant difference in the angle of trunk rotation of the thoracic in 3C and Single Lumbar. Conclusions: In conclusion, it is thought that a 3DPC exercise program incorporating PNF RMS exercise can be effectively used in clinical practice to improve spinal alignment and trunk expansion in patients with idiopathic scoliosis.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.37-45
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• 2007

Objectives : Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) balance is known to be intricately integrated with nervous system, cervical spine, and meridian system balance. This retrospective study with one-group pretest-posttest design reviewed cervical spine imaging data to provide evidence of spinal alignment improving effect of TMJ balance treatment. Methods : Cervical spine imaging data including computed tomography and simple x-ray of 25 cases with painful condition were reviewed to explore any change in cervical alignment on wearing the intraoral device for TMJ balance treatment of functional cerebrospinal therapy. Results : Cervical spine alignment significantly improved on wearing the intraoral device. Conclusions : TMJ balance treatment improves cervical spinal alignment, which may be a firm basis to proceed with further research of TMJ balance therapy as a way of balancing the whole-body meridian system.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2014

Purpose: To determine the normative data for the correlation of spinal, pelvic parameters with foot pressure in the young subjects. Methods: The subjects of this study were 39 patients in healthy adults. The Formetric-III was used to measure of spinal alignment. The pedoscan was used to measure of foot pressure. The correlation of trunk imbalance, trunk inclination, lateral deviation with foot pressure. The foot pressure measurement was consisted of maximal/mean pressure, weight contribution. Result: There was a negative correlation of trunk inclination with Max_R. There was a negative correlation of trunk inclination with Max_R. There was a positive correlation of trunk imbalance with Max_L. There was a positive correlation of lumbar lordosis with Mean_R_front, Lt. posterior weight distribution. There was a negative correlation of lumbar lordosis with Lt., Rt. in distribution There was a negative correlation of pelvic tilt with Mean_R_front, Lt. posterior weight distribution. There was a positive correlation of pelvic tilting with Rt. weight distribution, Lt. posterior weight distribution. There was a negative correlation of pelvic torsion with Lt. weight distribution, Rt. posterior weight distribution. There was a negative correlation of pelvic rotation with Lt. weight distribution, Lt. posterior weight distribution. Conclusion: The data obtained from the study may be used for future studies related to correlation of the spinal, pelvic deviation with foot pressure.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.175-180
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• 2017

Purpose: This study examined the effects of fast walking training on a treadmill on the spinal alignment and muscle thickness of normal adults. Methods: A total of 36 college students in their twenties participated in the study for eight weeks, and they were divided into the normal walking, fast walking, and speed change groups. All the groups were measured in a pre-test before training. The subjects performed exercise three times per week for six weeks. A post-test was conducted six weeks after training began, and a follow-up test was done two weeks after the training ended.Trunk and pelvic tilts were measured in Formetric 4D for the spinal alignment of the subjects. The muscle thickness was examined in the trunk with an ultrasound test. Repeated-measures ANOVA was conducted to test the main effects and interactions among the measurement variables according to time and group. Results: Significant differences were observed in the pelvic tilt according to time. There were significant differences in the external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominal muscle according to time. The post-test results showed significant differences in the left external oblique, internal oblique muscles between before training, six weeks into training, and two weeks after the completion of training. There were significant interactions in the left oblique muscles according to the time and group. Conclusion: These findings have some value for patient rehabilitation and clinical applications and interventions through walking training.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.67 no.2
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• pp.137-145
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• 2024

In adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery, mechanical failure (MF) has been a significant concern for spine surgeons as well as patients. Despite earnest endeavors to prevent MF, the absence of a definitive consensus persists, owing to the intricate interplay of multifarious factors associated with this complication. Previous approaches centered around global spinal alignment have yielded limited success in entirely forestalling MF. These methodologies, albeit valuable, exhibited limitations by neglecting to encompass global balance and compensatory mechanisms within their purview. In response to this concern, an in-depth comprehension of global balance and compensatory mechanisms emerges as imperative. In this discourse, the center of gravity and the gravity line are gaining attention in recent investigations pertaining to global balance. This narrative review aims to provide an overview of the global balance and a comprehensive understanding of related concepts and knowledge. Moreover, it delves into the clinical ramifications of the contemporary optimal correction paradigm to furnish an encompassing understanding of global balance and the current optimal correction strategies within the context of ASD surgery. By doing so, it endeavors to furnish spine surgeons with a guiding compass, enriching their decision-making process as they navigate the intricate terrain of ASD surgical interventions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.22 no.52
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• pp.323-335
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• 1999

Spinal injuries are common these days and are increasing due to the increasing sports activities, auto-related accidents, and occupational incidences. Most of spinal injuries of strain and sprain are associated with trauma and resulted in loss of optimal musculoskeletal system in spinal column area. Some of these injuries requires surgical treatments. Fortunately, some people with spinal disorder are achieving outstanding results with the chiropractic care which utilizes muscle stimulation and strengthening, traction therapy, and spinal adjustments. These treatments using chiropractic table can ease pain by restoring alignment, improving mobility, and relieving pain and stiffness in neck and spinal areas. The purpose of this study was thus to gather the comprehensive information about spinal injuries, to define the specific dimensions, and to recommend functions of chiropractic table specially suited for Korean. This study was an integrated approach in applying the concepts of biomechanical correction of the musculoskeletal system. Also, this study was to utilize a knowledge of physics, ergonomics, and rehabilitation to the development of spine cure medicine.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.331-336
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• 2014

Objective : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences in sagittal spinopelvic alignment between lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis (DSPL) and degenerative spinal stenosis (DSS). Methods : Seventy patients with DSPL and 72 patients with DSS who were treated with lumbar interbody fusion surgery were included in this study. The following spinopelvic parameters were measured on whole spine lateral radiographs in a standing position : pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), sacral slope (SS), lumbar lordosis angle (LL), L4-S1 segmental lumbar angle (SLL), thoracic kyphosis (TK), and sagittal vertical axis from the C7 plumb line (SVA). Two groups were subdivided by SVA value, respectively. Normal SVA subgroup and positive SVA subgroup were divided as SVA value (<50 mm and ${\geq}50mm$). Spinopelvic parameters/PI ratios were assessed and compared between the groups. Results : The PI of DSPL was significantly greater than that of DSS (p=0.000). The SVA of DSPL was significantly greater than that of DSS (p=0.001). In sub-group analysis between the positive (34.3%) and normal SVA (65.7%), there were significant differences in LL/PI and SLL/PI (p<0.05) in the DSPL group. In sub-group analysis between the positive (12.5%) and normal SVA (87.5%), there were significant differences in PT/PI, SS/PI, LL/PI and SLL/PI ratios (p<0.05) in the DSS group. Conclusion : Patients with lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis have the propensity for sagittal imbalance and higher pelvic incidence compared with those with degenerative spinal stenosis. Sagittal imbalance in patients with DSPL is significantly correlated with the loss of lumbar lordosis, especially loss of segmental lumbar lordosis.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.53-61
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to compare the body alignment during standing on level and wedge board. Twenty healthy college students (8 females, 12 males) were evaluated in this study. Diagnostic contourline potographic imaging system (Model JTC-1, Jodang Trading Co.) was used to measure body alignment. Sagittal and frontal plane images were used to analyze the body alignment. The result showed that the cervical and lumbar lordotic curve significantly decreased during standing on wedge board when compared with standing on level. On the other hand, thoracic kyphosis significantly increased during standing on wedge board. There was no significant difference in body alignment according to gender, weight, and height. Clinically, patients with low back pain and severe lordosis may be affected by heel wedge. Further study is needed to identify whether the standing on wedge board can change the body alignment in patients with low back pain and spinal deformity.