• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.83-87
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• 1976

In this paper the author added 25 unrecorded and 82 known species up to the end of 1975. The number of species present in Korea have increased from 239 to 346. These are belonging to 143 genera and 37 families. In view of zoogeography Korean spiders may be grouped as follows: 60 northern species $(17.3\%)$ 15 southern species $(4.4\%)$ 11 cosmopolitan species$(3.2\%)$ 260 basic species$(75.1\%)$ 47 endemic species $(13.6\%)$ Species common with China mainland, 100 species $(28.6\%)$ and Japanese, 290 species $(83.8\%)$.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.463-477
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• 2019

This study was conducted to compare the community structure and biodiversity of epigeic spiders between pear fields cultivated by integrated pest management (IPM) and organic methods. This is the first study of this kind to be conducted in Korea. Eighty-four spider species from 22 families were identified among the collected 2,489 arthropods, with 754 individuals being sampled from IPM fields and 1,735 individuals from organic fields. Generally, Theridiidae, Linyphiidae, Lycosidae, Agelenidae, Gnaphosidae, and Salticidae were the dominant spider families in the pear orchard regardless of the farming methods, and species richness and abundance were higher in organic fields than in IPM fields. The dominant species were the wolf spiders (Lycosidae) and stone spiders (Gnaphosidae), and their cumulative abundance was 70.7% in IPM fields and 72.7% in organic fields. The community structure between organic and IPM fields was heterogeneous, with a 45% similarity level. Biodiversity, species richness, abundance, and species diversity index were higher in organic fields than in IPM fields, and significantly different between the farming methods. Seasonal fluctuations in biodiversity were similar in both IPM and organic fields. The species richness and species diversity index increased and the abundance decreased in the second half of the cultivation period. This study on the community structure and biodiversity of epigeic spiders, which form one of the most important predator groups, will provide principal ecological and faunistic information required to maintain the biodiversity of useful arthropods in agricultural ecosystems and help implement sustainable agriculture based on the active use of natural enemies.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.137-141
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• 1979

1975년 11월$\~$1977년 11월 사이에 광주지방의 논거미의 분포상과 계절적 밀도변동을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 광주산로 논거미로서 13과 24속 58종(7미확정종포함)을 확인하였으며 기중 한국산 논거미로 2종, 광주산 논거미로 22종을 추가하였다. 2. Cornicularia vulgaris OL(쌍코뿔 애접시거미)는 한국미기록종이었다. 3. 광주산 논거미의 우세과는 Erigonidae와 Lycosidae이며 특히 Erigonidae는 타지방에 비해 단연 우세하였다. 4. 우점종은 Gnathonarium dentatum(WIDER)가 $28.7\%$, Oedothorax insecticeps BOES. et STR.가 $28.3\%$로 월등한 우점현상을 나타냈다. 5. 기지 수원, 대구에서는 우세과 Lycosidae, 우점종 Pirate subpiraticus(BOES. et STR.)인데 비해 본지방에서 는 우세과 Erigonidae 우점종 Gnathonarium dentatum(WIDER)로 남북관계 내지 동서현상이 보였다. 6. 계절적 밀도 변동은 월동전인 11월이 최고이고, 월동후인 3,4월이 최저이며 7,8월이 중간 Peak인W자형 분포상을 나타낸다.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제4권spc호
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• pp.1-112
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• 2015

The 2015 version of the bibliographic checklist of Korean spiders from the first checklist by Paik and Kim (1956) is presented, together with a complete bibliography of relevant Korean araneological literature. A total of 620 publications during 1907-2015 including original description on the Korean spiders and records of taxonomic description were critically reviewed. Records only from locations within the present borders of South Korea are listed. A total of 748 spider species of 271 genera belonging to 46 families are confirmed to exist in Korea. Twenty one species, whose distribution or existence within the Korean border are uncertain and lacked valid records, are excluded from the present list pending critical validation. Four spider species endemic to North Korean are listed separately from the present list. One genus, Joopilia Chae and Sohn, 2013 and 2 species, Joopilia jooplis Chae and Sohn, 2013 and Dolomedes jirisanensis Kim and Chae, 2012, which had no designated type species and no diagnosis, are cited as nomina nuda. New synonyms of 15 previously described spider species are proposed. Based on their zoogeographical distribution, the Korean spider fauna was found to be influenced by the northern species, including 36 Holarctic and 72 Palearctic species (14.5% of the total species). Korean endemic species include 160 species (21.5% of the total species). Korean indigenous spiders are also distributed in neighboring countries: 318 species in Russia (42.7%), 460 in China (61.7%), and 488 in Japan (65.5%).

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.57-73
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• 2017

The formation of the lava dam of the paleo lake blocked the entrance to the Chatancheon River on the Jeongok lava plateau and it suddenly transformed the terrestrial ecosystem into the aquatic one by the overflow. The spiders in the lava dam adapted in the wetland and evolved into water spiders that could survive by forming bubble houses. Since then, the lava dam was connected to the present Hantangang River due to the dissection and the lake became a terrestrial environment, a small area of marsh composed of primarily clay soil layer. Change in water level of the habitat and thus the extension of the terrestrial area made the species a endangered now. This study carried out frequency of occurrence, degree of wetness and plant habitats of the vascular plant in the water spider habitat. As a result of this study, total 180taxa are of 55 (30.6%) wetland plant groups and of 113 (62.8%) upland plant groups except facultative plant groups. Among the wetland plant groups, the Isachne globosa community occupied the largest area, where the water spiders were most observed. The result of this study, the classification and the types of vascular plant species, would provide useful information for the sustaining healthy wetland ecosystem and the restoration of the habitat for the water spiders.

• 생태와환경
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.151-160
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• 2019

서식지 이질성은 복잡한 구조를 가진 서식지일수록 생물다양성이 증가된다는 개념으로 농업생태계에서도 적용이 가능하다. 특히 농업생태계에서 해충 조절과 같이 포식자로 기능하는 거미를 이용할 경우 농업생태계의 전반에 관한 이해의 폭을 넓힐 수 있다. 본 연구는 우리나라 농업생태계의 대표적인 재배 유형인 밭과 논에서 거미의 다양성이 공간 스케일에 따라 어떠한 특성을 나타내는지 확인하고자 수행하였다. 함정트랩을 설치하여 밭에서 24개 샘플을, 논에서 24개 샘플을 수집하였다. 공간 스케일에 따른 밭과 논의 종수는 누적 곡선과 추정 곡선을 통해 평가하였다. 전체 조사 지점들에서 종수는 밭에서 높게 나타났고 조사 지점별 평균 종수는 논에서 높게 나타났다. 이를 통해 작은 공간 스케일에서는 서식지 구조의 복잡성이, 큰 공간 스케일에서는 작물 종류의 다양성이 거미의 다양성에 영향을 미치는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2019

BACKGROUND: Epigeic arthropods participate in ecological functions as predators, decomposers and herbivores. The purpose of this study was to investigate the responses of some dominant arthropods in rice fields to different forms of agricultural land management. METHODS AND RESULTS: The abundance of microarthropods was compared between rice fields and uplands in the non-growing season. Collembola, Oribatida and Mesostigmata were more abundant in the upland fields than in the paddy fields. The community composition and diversity of epigeic arthropods were compared between fallow and rice fields. The total abundance and species richness of spiders and ground beetles were not significantly different in the two types of agricultural fields. The abundance of Arctosa kwangreungensis was greater in fallow fields than in cultivated fields. The community structure of arthropods was compared between paddy fields with and without barley. The cropping system altered the community composition of spiders but not their biodiversity. Barley cultivation increased the abundance of ground beetles but decreased that of spiders. We suggest that this contrast was partly due to the availability of plants that provided shelter and food for ground beetles. CONCLUSION: These results show that soil use intensity and cropping system alter the community composition of epigeic spiders and ground beetles. This could result in ecosystem-level alterations with respect to the control of pests and weeds. Our results also suggest that biodiversity of ground-dwelling arthropods may not increase during short fallow periods.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.375-384
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• 1997

The effects of three different irrigating water qualities(clean water, life sewage and animal sewage) on the pattern of arthropod communities in the rice fields were investigated at Banwol, Kyonggi-do, mid-western part of Korea from 1994 to 1996. The total density of arthropod was highest in the rice field which was irrigated with clean water(clean water field), and the arthropod community was mainly composed of aphids and collembolans. Each functional group was found in the order of 'pests>non-pests>natural enemies' in its density. The dominant taxa in the pest group were aphids, planthoppers(Delphacidae), leafhoppers(Cicadelidae) and rice water weevil(L. oryzophilus). In the non-pest group collembolans, non-biting midges and dipterans were main arthropods, and in the natural enemy group Araneae was the dominant taxon. In the early growth stage of rice plant the dominant functional group was pests, and in the mid growth stage both the pest and the natural enemy group became dominant. But in the late growth stage none of the functional group was dominant over the other functional groups. The densities of spiders were much more higher in the clean water field than in the other fields. And through all the growth stages of rice plants the density of spiders in clean water field kept increase in contrast to the others. The species composition of spiders in the life sewage field was similar to that in the animal sewage field, but in the clean water field it was different from the other two fields.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2009

An arthropod community in a rice ecosystem was surveyed to determine the impact of two insecticides frequently used in Korean rice ecosystems: carbofuran 3GR, which targets the rice water weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in the early season and fenobucarb EC, which targets the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens ($St{\aa}l$) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) in the mid- and late seasons, respectively. Overall, the application of the insecticides reduced density of total arthropods by 48.4% compared to the untreated field, but their impact on each functional group were different. Carbofuran GR treatment on 1 June reduced the L. oryzophilus population significantly until mid-season. The population of filterfeeding chironomids was also reduced by 50%, whereas the spider population was less disturbed. Fenobucarb EC treatment on 16 August significantly reduced N. lugens and detrivorous entomobryid populations until the late season. Both web-building and wandering spiders were also significantly disturbed by fenobucarb EC although the impact differed according to their behavioral differences. While the population of web-building spiders significantly decreased over time, that of wandering spiders recovered from the disturbance a few weeks later.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.15-26
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• 1998

This study was conducted to analyze arthropod community patterns in smallrice fields managed by different cultural methods [Conventional and Low Input Sustainable Agriculture(LISA)] in Suwon in 1995 and 1996. A half of nitrogen fertilizers and a quarter of pesticides were applied in the LISA field compared to in the conventional field. Total 15 orders and 43 families of arthropods were collected in two years. No differences were found in arthropod abundance and arthropod species composition between two differently practiced fields. The arthropod community was analyzed using guild categories. The arthropods were found in the order of 'pest(phytophag)>natural enemy>non-pest' in their densities. The pest species were mainly Homoptera and dominated by Delphacidae (Nilaparvata lugens Stal and Sogatella furcifera Horvath). They constituted > 80% of pest abundance. The spider was the most dominant group in the natural enemy and constituted > 90% of natural enemy abundance. Hunting spiders constituted > 60% of spider abundance and were dominated by Pirata subpiraticus Bos. et Str.(Lycosidae). Pachygnatha clerki Sundevall(Tetragnathidae), Gnathonarium dentatum Weider and Ummeliata angulituberis Oi(Erigonidae) were the dominant species in webbing spiders.