• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.68-87
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• 1993

Data acquisition system and computer program developed in this study could be well used in engine vibration analysis. The system and program developed were also operated to be able to control measuring interval, number of channels, number of data. The flywheel was specially studied to provide the proper weight with rubber damper for the engine design at low level of vibration. This study was conducted to obtain basic data which affect the engine vibration. The experiment of this study was performed on original weight flywheel, weight-reduced flywheel, weight-reduced and rubber-coated flywheel, weight-reduced and damper-attached flywheel. Avarage of peak value, maximum vibration, power spectrum density based on FFT analysis are major factors of this experiment. Results were obtained as follows : 1. When rubber was inserted in the flywheel rim of which weight was reduced from 32.2kgf to 24.4kgf, maximum vibration of the engine was decreased 48.3% at X axis, 35.5% at Y axis and 34.6% at Z axis in comparison with the flywheel of original weight. 2. When the flywheel of rubber damper was compared with the original flywheel, the average of absolute vibration for rubber damped flywheel was decreased at X, Y, Z axis and especially its decreasing rate was so high at X-axis comparing with the other flywheel, which implied that rubber damper was very useful to reducing the vibration of the engine at X axis. 3. Hysteresis losses of X, Y, Z axis were greatly decreased in the flywheel with rubber damper on rim. 4. Damped oscillation effect on X and Y axis vibration above average peak vibration by the flywheel of rubber damper on rim was larger than those by the other flywheels. 5. Power spectrums of vibration at real and imaginery part were bi-mode type. The vibration frequency of rubber dampered flywheel which weight is decreased was slightly increased as compared with original flywheel.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.149-159
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• 2000

Bee-venom Acupucture has good effect on pain control but We may be anxious about the problem of side-effect. Bee-venom components are composed of phospholipase $A_2$, hyaluronidase, melitin, apamin, MCD peptide, citrate and so on. Especially Apamin, MCD peptide and histamine cause severe reacting that is named Anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is a clinical syndrome characterized by the acute system reaction of multiple organ systems to an IgE-mediated immunologic mediator release in previously sensitized individuals. Respiratory and dermatologic manifestations are the most commonly expressed clinical features of anaphylaxis, and a majority of anaphylactic reactions initially appear to be localized to these two systems. Anaphylatic reaction of bee-venom are expressed clinically ulticaria, itching sensation, erythema, dizziness, nausea, hypotension and so on. Especially ulticaria and erythema are end points of increased vascular permeability and vasodilatation at the other extreme of the clinical spectrum, Gastrointestinal mucosal edema and smooth muscle contraction can result in cramping abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Therefore, we have observed anaphylatic reaction of bee-venom in 11 patients, who visited WonKwang University Kunpo Oriental Medical Center, treated bee venom. The results were summarized as follows : 1. The patient distribution ratio, in regard to sex, was shown to be 1 : 2.67 for male to females. In regard to age, it was shown that people in their 30's was the most predominant case, followed by people in their 20's, 30's, 50's and 60's, respectively. 2. When Anaphylaxis was occured, it was observed to abnormality of CBC, LFT, IgE, IgG. 3. In regard to patient condition, it was observed that fatigue was most frequent. 4. In regard to the number of times and quantity of bee venom inj., it was observed that anaphylaxis is most frequent at 7-10 times(1.6-2.0cc) 5. In regard to duration of reaction, it was observed that people in their l0min' was most frequent. In disappearing duration of anaphylaxic reaction, The results showed under 60min lcases(9%), 60-120min 7cases(64%) and 180-240min 3cases(27%). 6. In symptoms of anaphylaxis, The results showed hypotension 8cases(19%), itching sensation 7cases(16%), nausea 4cases(9%), erythema 4cases(9%) and dizziness 4cases(9%). In mentality, The results showed drowsy 8case(73%) and alert 3cases(27%). 7. Generally, patients were treated with Avil, Dexa IM and PDS, peniramine, cimetidine, Q-zyme per os after H/S, N/S inj. $O_2$ was supplied according to patient's symptom. In 1 severe case, Dopamine was iv injected.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.118-122
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• 2006

Purpose: We introduce a technique of all inside arthroscopic capsular imbrication and lateral release used to treat patellofemoral instability. Methods: With the arthroscope in the anteromedial portal for best viewing, the arthroscopic scissor is placed through superolateral portal for proximal to distal release. The release performed 5mm to 1cm from the edge of the patella. After completion of the procedure, with the arthroscope in anterolateral portal, we inserted 5mm cannula in superolateral portal and made working portal from superomedial portal. Medial reefing was performed with all inside technique by using curved needle of the spectrum suturing system and No. 1 monofilament PDS suture is passed through the superomedial portal percutaneously and retrieved through a superolateral portal. Conclusion: Several methods for arthroscopic patella realignment have been proposed, but they have consisted primarily of arthroscopically assisted techniques using a medial incision. We believe that our procedure is preferable to arthroscopically assisted methods commonly used, in that an incision is avoided and the vastus medialis obliqqus is not violated. Our technique is minimally invasive and is easy to control the tightness of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) under direct vision.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.304-309
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• 2006

In order to examine the antimicrobial effect on dairy processing facilities and products, Prunus mume extinct (PME) was applied to the pilot plant system of dairy industry and yogurt, PME showed thermal and pH stability in the wide spectrum of temperature ($40{\sim}150^{\circ}C$) and pH ($4{\sim}10$) and remarkable antimicrobial activities against dairy spoilage microorganisms. As the result of aseptic treatment of dairy processing facilities with PME microbial colony including coliform bacteria was not detected canpore to those detected in the control. In the level of PME concentration which inhibit the growth of putrefactive microorganisms we could produce yogurt with good scores of sensory evaluation.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.12 no.1 s.33
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• pp.25-41
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• 2003

This paper is a study of Le Corbusier's trace regulateur of the 1920s, particularly its role in the design of the Villas La Roche-Jeanneret and Stein-de Monzie. It proceeds on the basis of the following three themes: first, the relation between the regulating line and the dom-ino frame; second, its status as a proportional device based not on a module system but one that defines relations; third, its function as an essential practical device in the design process. In the Villa La Roche-Jeanneret, the embedded horizontal planes of the dom-ino frame were constant, but the vortical lines of the columns were altered according to the changes in plan. Initially, a left-hand bay window formed a symmetry with the right-hand bay window, the only constant in the design process. With subsequent changes, mullion sections of the horizontal window and roof elements came to provide the reference points for the regulating line. Eventually, a regulating line different from the one that controlled the bay window and the elongated volume came to control the entrance hall of Villa La Roche, resulting in three different kinds of regulating lines in the final version. In contrast to the Villa La Roche-Jeanneret, a singular and consistent regulation line was anticipated in the earliest design stages of the Villa Stein-de Monzie. The repetition of its A:B grid and the standard $2.5m{\times}1.0m$ sliding window determined the proportions of both its plan and elevation, and thus the regulating line became 'automatic,' losing its viability as a practical tool. Though the regulating titles of the La Roche-Jeanneret look as if they were an afterthought, drawn after the design was complete, they were most active, requiring tenacity and discipline in their application. On the other hand, the seemingly 'redundant' regulating line of the Villa Stein-de Monzie gains its raison d'etre from the dom-ino frame. Its cantilevers and uninterrupted horizontal window could be used in decisive fashion because of the guarantee that the correct proportion would always be maintained. Thus we discover that Le Corbusier's discipline of the 1920s had a certain spectrum of flexibility. His 'parti' ranged from the extremely loose and malleable grid of the Villa La Roche-Jeanneret to the fixed grid of the Villa Stein-de Monzie. In different ways, these projects retain the tension between the dom-ino frame and the regulating line. For Le Corbusier, as much as the grid was an object with fixed attributes, it was also an active medium manipulated by the will of the architect.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.847-858
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• 2015

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GR4-5 was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Korean ginseng and displayed broad-spectrum suppression of ginseng root rot pathogens. The survivability of B. amyloliquefaciens GR4-5 in soil was investigated under three different conditions; indoor, outdoor - of which soil was put in 14 mL tube after treatment - and field environments. Soil samples were collected over a four-week period from three experimental designs, and assessed for 16S rRNA gene copy number by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). In outdoor condition, the 16S rRNA gene copy number of Bacillus spp. was 8.35 log copies g $soil^{-1}$ immediately after the GR4-5 treatment. Two weeks later, the 16S rRNA gene copy number of Bacillus spp. (6.70 log copies g $soil^{-1}$) was similar to that of the control (6.38 log copies g $soil^{-1}$). In indoor condition, the 16S rRNA gene copy number of Bacillus spp. maintained in a certain level for a longer period than those in outdoor and field. The 16S rRNA gene copy number of Bacillus spp. in field experiment was reduced faster than that of outdoor condition. Our results show that B. amyloliquefaciens GR4-5 can survive in bulk soil for 1 week, indicating its potential use as a biocontrol agent following 7 day application intervals. This study presents that outdoor microcosm system design could be a useful method to assess easily the survivability of beneficial microorganisms.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.23-27
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• 2004

We were investigated the cognitive ability enhancement in rats using B. mori fibroin molecular controlled hydrolysate by preparative recycle HPLC system. Also, some of its physicochemical properties and free amino acid components were investigated, too. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum are measured different pattern between high (HF) and low (LF) molecular controlled B. mori fibroin samples, respectively. The in vitro test by neuron primary cell culture are showed dependent on molecular weight (Mw) of B. mori fibroin in the order of LF > MF > HF, too. However, the memorial effects in rats by in vivo test are large dependent molecular weight on that maximum 50% than control. Also, the memorial effect was higher than the enzymatic relative and acid hydrolysate, which was 50.0$\pm$2.1 and 25.9$\pm$0.32%, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.554-557
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• 2016

Recently, supercomputer has been increasingly adopted as a computing environment for scientific simulation as well as education, healthcare and national defence. Especially, supercomputing system with heterogeneous computing resources is gaining resurgence of interest as a next-generation problem solving environment, allowing theoretical and/or experimental research in various fields to be free of time and spatial limits. However, traditional supercomputing services have only been handled through a simple form of command-line based console, which leads to the critical limit of accessibility and usability of heterogeneous computing resources. To address this problem, in this paper, we provide the design and implementation of web-based HPC (High Performance Computing) job management framework for computational scientific simulation. The proposed framework has highly extensible design principles, providing the abstraction interfaces of job scheduler (as well as bundle scheduler plug-ins for LoadLeveler, Sun Grid Engine, OpenPBS scheduler) in order to easily incorporate the broad spectrum of heterogeneous computing resources such as cluster, computing cloud and grid. We also present the detailed specification of HTTP standard based RESTful endpoints, which manage simulation job's life-cycles such as job creation, submission, control and status monitoring, etc., enabling various 3rd-party applications to be newly created on top of the proposed framework.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.10-18
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• 2012

A high airtightness is required for the residential spaces constructed recently to save cooling and heating energy through improving insulation performance. Because the chances to release steam formed by human activity in building and inflow of water vapor in outdoor air to residential space are reduced, the natural humidity control performance of interior materials has become more important. In this study, hygroscopic performance of thermo-physically treated wood (Pinus koraiensis) was estimated. At various relative humidity condition, the water vapor adsorption and desorption rates of wooden materials were measured as well as equilibrium moisture content. Effects of roughness and surface microstructure as physical factors and functional groups as chemical factors on the hygroscopicity were analyzed. It is expected that the results from this study and further study of measuring moisture generation in residential spaces could contribute to install a system for evaluating the hygrothermal performance of wooden building.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.424-432
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• 1998

To get a satisfactory result in the composite resin restorations, it is necessary to choose correct shade. At present, most of the commercial composite resins are based on the Vita Lumin shade guide or Bioform shade guide, but color differences might be expected even using the same shade in various materials. In this study, five kinds of light-cured composite resins with A2 and B3 shade were used to measure and compare the color each other while one porcelain served as a control. All composite resins (Spectrum TPH (SP), VeridonFil- Photo (VE), Z100 (Z100), Charisma (CH), Prodigy (PRO)) were filled in to the metal mold (12 mm diameter, 2 mm depth), followed by compression, polymerization and polishing with wet sandpaper. The specimens of porcelain were fabricated by using the refractory mold for porcelain. After 24 hours, the specimens were placed on the spectrocolorimeter and spectral reflectance were measured under CIE illuminant D65. After measuring the values of $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$ and ${\Delta}E^*$, following results were obtained; 1. The $L^*$, $a^*$ and $b^*$ values of both shade of porcelain specimens showed significantly higher than those of resin specimens(p<0.05). 2. In comparing the resin specimens of the A2 shade, differences were significant except $L^*$ values of SP-CH and PRO-VE, $a^*$ values of the VE-SP and $b^*$ values of the VE-Z100 and SP-PRO(p<0.05), 3. In comparing the resin specimens of the B3 shade, differences were significant except $L^*$ values of PRO-SP, $a^*$ values of the SP-PRO and Z100-VE and b* values of the PRO-SP(p<0.05). 4. In comparing the resin specimens of the A2 shade, color differences between materials (${\Delta}E^*$) showed the lowest value of 1.66, and the highest was 5.16. ${\Delta}E^*$ values of the materials of VE-PRO, CH-PRO, SP-PRO, SP-Z100 and SP-CH were lower than 3.3. 5. In comparing the resin specimens of the B3 shade, the lowest value of the ${\Delta}E^*$ was 0.57 and the highest was 5.92. ${\Delta}E^*$ values of Z100-CH and SP-PRO were lower than 3.3. The present study revealed there was perceptible color difference between materials even if they have the same designated shade based on Vita shade guide. The results of the present study suggested that it would be necessary to establish the reproducible and constant color specification system for an esthetic restoration.