• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권9호
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• pp.134-142
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• 2009

20세기에 접어들면서 예술작품의 발전과 변화는 관람자에게 영향을 미쳤다. 관람자는 회화와 조작과 같은 예술 작품을 감상할 때 흔히 그 주위를 살펴보는 관조적이고 수동적인 관람 자세를 보인다. 20세기 양차대전의 격변기를 거치면서 예술작품의 변화는 관람자의 참여를 요구하였다. 관람자 역할이 능동적으로 변화하고 있는 것은 감상하는 작품의 변화와 연관관계를 가진다. 20세기 중반 매체발달과 컴퓨터의 발명으로 관람자는 적극적인 이용자의 위치에 이르렀다. 또한 현재의 관람자는 이용자에서 제작자로 위치 변화를 시도하고 있다. 본 연구는 나오꼬 토사의 $\ll$ZENetic Computer$\gg$ 작품을 통해서 제작자의 위치를 넘보는 현대적 관람자의 역할을 고찰함으로써 이러한 흐름을 조명하였다.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.417-435
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 태권도 공연 관람자의 인지된 가치 척도를 개발하고 더 나아가 개발된 가치 척도에 대해 다양한 분석 방법을 이용하여 척도의 타당성, 신뢰성, 적용가능성을 평가하여 태권도 공연 관람자에 대한 후속 연구를 위한 기초 자료를 제공하는데 있다. 이에 따라 척도개발과 관련된 선행연구의 절차를 참고하여 8단계 방법인 (1) 선행연구 검토, (2) 예비 요인 및 문항 추출, (3) 문항의 정제 및 평가, (4) 예비조사, (5) 데이터 수집, (6) 문항의 타당성 확보, (7) 문항의 유효성 평가, (8) 문항의 적용가능성 검토를 실시하였다. 분석 결과 태권도 공연 관람자의 인지된 가치 척도는 문화적, 사회적, 쾌락적, 미적, 도덕적 및 실용적 가치 등 6가지 요인, 19문항으로 개발되었다. 한편, 개발된 가치의 적용가능성을 검토하고자 관람태도, 만족 및 미래 소비행동과의 관계를 분석한 결과 문화적, 사회적, 미적, 도덕적 가치는 관람태도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 사회적, 쾌락적, 실용적 가치는 관람만족에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 문화적, 사회적, 미적 가치는 미래 소비행동에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 개발된 가치 척도의 모든 요인은 소비자행동(태도, 만족 및 행동)에 영향을 미치는 요인임을 확인 하였다.

• 시큐리티연구
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• 제6호
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• pp.195-213
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• 2003

This is a case study on the violent collective activities of spectators in professional soccer games. The purpose of this study is to examine the reasons and the processes of the activities. In order to achieve the purpose well, I analyzed two cases of violent collective activities in spectators of professional soccer games that were held on June 24 and July 28 in 2001. The data for this study was collected from 14 kinds of daily newspapers from June 10 to August 20 in 2001 to maintain the objective validity of the outline, the reasons, and the processes of the violent collective activities of spectators in two cases. The data was collected from Korea Integrated News Database System(KINDS) of Korea Press Foundation, and Chollian, on-line service of DACOM, for its efficiency, accuracy and promptness. On the basis of the above-mentioned method as well as the consequences of data analysis, I've reached to a conclusion as follows. The reasons of the violent collective activities of spectators in professional soccer games were the mass effect, the activities of players, umpires and the results of games, etc. The violent collective activities of spectators in professional soccer games need pre-requirements and have relationships with special affairs that are developed in a regular sequence. In other words, a collective activity gives an effect on another one directly or indirectly. Therefore, this study shows that we can reduce or prevent the damages by the violent collective activities of spectators in sport games when we analyze the processes of collective activities and make a previous counter-measure for that.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.45-62
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to identify how the components of a fashion show can influence the perception of the spectators, and what the spectators most like in a fashion show. Through the analysis on the literature reviews and in-depth interviews with professional's organizing fashion shows we established a list of the main components, which allowed us to set up a questionnaire. The results regarding the viewing satisfaction of the spectators at a fashion show were investigated and came out as follows: First, the components of fashion show are generally viewed to be four factors: the program, the directing, the model, and the sets. These four factors are influencing the perception of the spectators and are very important to the success of a fashion show and the enjoyment of a fashion show by spectators. Second, it is shown to us that the most influential factor for the perception is 'the directing'(stage scenery, background music, lighting, effects etc.), and the next is 'the sets'(convenience seat, display, service facilities etc.). So, in order to raise the level of satisfaction for the spectators, it is advisable to concentrate on these two main factors. Finally, we would suggest that the organizer of a fashion show shall carefully analyze how spectators understand and perceive the components of a fashion show. This study provides information about how the components of a fashion show can influence the spectator's perception and presents suggestions on how to improve a fashion show by reorienting it towards the satisfaction of the spectator. In addition, there needs to be a strategy by customer satisfaction experience to reinforce a customer-oriented fashion show and heighten a viewing satisfaction for spectators.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2006

The form and function of modern museum present more a variety of aspects in need of transition of the mature civil society and culture than the past. Considering that an art museum is the space where a multitude of unspecified visitors inspect simultaneously, exhibitions and adequate construction make visitors lead to successively visual contact. Consequently a goal of this study is to analyze that there is correlation between exhibit space and exhibitions and to suggest an alternative plan at exhibition through relationship among exhibitions, exhibit space and spectators' behavior. Two Art galleries (one is a large-sized gallery and the other is a small-sized one) located in Pyung-Chang dong were selected to analyze the correlation and suggest the better display for the exhibition. The finding of the study is following. The exhibit space which spectators recognize is assumed diverse forms by an unique characteristics of exhibits and space and an arrangement of exhibitions and the path of flow of spectator who walking ahead have an huge effect on a spectators' behavior. In other words, spectators' watching patterns are affected by display of exhibitions and the path of flow. That is to say, the spectators' behavior and the concentration to watch exhibitions is decided by the exhibit form in the museum, and the quality of watching experience is depended on the spectators' relevant knowledge prior to exhibitions.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2017

As recently too many local museums have been built in the whole country, most of them cannot attract enough spectators. In order to resolve this problem, it is needed for local museums to differentiate their spaces and programs related to their exhibition. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of spaces and programs of local museums from the perspective of spatial marketing to activate them, and contribute to development of local cultures. This study targeted historical public museums located in Seoul and Incheon. Through preceding research, an analysis frame was established based on the keywords related to spatial marketing, and then the characteristics of spaces and programs of local museums were analyzed based on the frame. The study results are as follows. 1) Access convenience refers to openness that public museums located in Seoul and Incheon can embrace accessible locations, points of interest, and convenient facilities easily recognized by pedestrians. 2) Symbolic formativeness is to express symbolic historical contents in the museum lobby or exhibition to show the identity of local museums. 3) Visibility is needed for direct guidance signs or spaces to let spectators know directions and locations. 4) Public concern is for spectators and local residents to participate in local museums to share and utilize their partial spaces. 5) Interactivity is to induce activation of local museums by utilizing experience exhibition contents and having spectators directly contact exhibits. 6) Interest is related to cultural festival programs of exhibition to arouse spectators' and local residents' curiosity. 7) Participation is to activate spaces and spectators by providing educational programs. 8) Usefulness is to induce spectators' interest in local museums by providing historical, social, and cultural information. These results are expected to be used as baseline data to suggest a new direction for activation of local museums from the perspective of spatial marketing.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권9호
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• pp.370-379
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• 2009

본 연구는 안동국제탈춤페스티벌 축제의 행사기간인 2008년 9월 26일부터 10월 5일까지 축제에 참석한 관광객을 대상으로 체험프로그램에 대한 만족이 재방문의사에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 알아보기 위하여 설문조사를 실시하였다. 분석결과 안동국제탈춤페스티벌 축제의 체험프로그램이 다양하게 이루어지고 있으며 행사진행에 대한 만족도도 높게 나타났고 일탈감과 창의적 체험에 대한 기대심리가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 만족에서도 편리성과 창의성 부분에 높은 만족도 보이고 있어 축제체험프로그램의 만족이 재방문의사에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 점을 고려해 볼 때 대한민국 대표 축제로 거듭난 안동국제탈춤페스티벌 축제의 체험프로그램에 대한 다양한 접근성과 체험프로그램이 꾸준히 연구 개발되어야 하고 변화하는 관광객의 욕구를 충족시킬 수 있는 창의적이고 활동적인 체험프로그램의 개발이 시급하다고 볼 수 있다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.269-282
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the spectator experience and satisfaction with a focus on attachment and a sense of community. The survey was given to random spectators who watched KBO (The Korea Baseball Organization) games in 2018. With 189 surveyed participants, this study used exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis to verify the reliability and validity of the measured variables. The hierarchical multiple regression correlation was employed as a statistical method for the hypotheses of this study. The findings showed that spectators' experiences have influences on satisfaction. Among the experience factors, education and entertainment affect attachment, and education has the only significant influence on a sense of community. In addition, spectators' attachment and a sense of community positively influence satisfaction. Attachment and a sense of community have a relatively mediated effect on spectators' experiences and satisfaction. This study confirmed the need for various spectator experiences at KBO games, and the importance of place attachment or a sense of community.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.147-155
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• 2004

The purpose of this research is to improve exhibition effectiveness by implementing hands-on exhibition technique that best provides adults with cultural resting place and children with outdoor education which simply supports school curriculum. By completing this research, the museum of natural history will become defined innovative as a place that enables people actively develop creativity For this sake, some of domestic natural science museums were selected as the samples in this study, such as Seodaemun of Natural History, Incheon Standing Science Pavilion and Daejeon National Science Museum, Which all produce experience-based exhibition in relatively brisk manner. First of all, this study attempted to identify the traffic line and behavioral characteristics of spectators who used experience-oriented exhibition through follow-up and observational study Then it divided samples into adults and children group to compare and analyze the ratio of using exhibitions, the ratio of spectators and the sojourn time according to the type of experience-oriented exhibitions. In addition, this study attempted to collect available data about spectators who were in conversation with one another on the other hand, it also attempted to determine any effects on using experience-based exhibition by performing a questionnaire survey, so that it might set up an index for behavioral characteristics the spectators who visit such exhibition.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.195-202
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• 2020

The ultimate goal of CSV activities is to increase consumer loyalty to the company, brand or organization concerned. Thus, for a professional sports club, CSV activities will ultimately aim to enhance the loyalty of spectators who are consumers of the club. Subjects of this study are the spectators of professional volleyball. We distributed 300 survey to people who were aware of the club's CSV activities among the home spectators of Hyundai Capital SkyWalkers. Data processing was performed using SPSS 23 and AMOS 18 for the analysis of confirmed factors, correlation analysis, reliability analysis, and structural equation model analysis. From these results, we were able to come up with the social problem resolution and long-term orientation among the CSV activities of professional volleyball clubs which affect the club identification. And the identification formed within the spectators of the clubs through CSV affects the club loyalty directly or through the medium of club emotion. Professional volleyball clubs need to identify the problems the community has in planning and proceeding with CSV activities and seek strategies to address them together, and approach them from a long-term oriented perspective.