• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2023년도 가을학술발표대회논문집
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• pp.89-90
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• 2023

In this study, grout was poured into seawater to confirm the effect of similar marine environment and underwater erosion on the mechanical performance of domestically produced high-performance grout and compared with the existing strength. As a result of the compressive strength measurement, the specimen that simultaneously performed underwater drilling and seawater curing showed slow initial strength expression in both H1 and H2, and from the 7th day, it was confirmed to be within 2% of the existing intensity. It is believed that both grout were caused by disturbance with water during underwater drilling, and the same strength was subsequently shown as the existing strength.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.123-148
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• 2013

The nonlinear finite element method with eight noded isoparametric quadrilateral element for concrete and two noded element for reinforcement is used for the prediction of the behavior of reinforcement concrete structures. The disturbed state concept (DSC) including the hierarchical single surface (HISS) plasticity model with associated flow rule with modifications is used to characterize the constitutive behavior of concrete both in compression and in tension which is named DSC/HISS-CT. The HISS model is applied to shows the plastic behavior of concrete, and DSC for microcracking, fracture and softening simulations of concrete. It should be noted that the DSC expresses the behavior of a material element as a mixture of two interacting components and can include both softening and stiffening, while the classical damage approach assumes that cracks (damage) induced in a material treated acts as a void, with no strength. The DSC/HISS-CT is a unified model with different mechanism, which expresses the observed behavior in terms of interacting behavior of components; thus the mechanism in the DSC is much different than that of the damage model, which is based on physical cracks which has no strength and interaction with the undamaged part. This is the first time the DSC/HISS-CT model, with the capacity to account for both compression and tension yields, is applied for concrete materials. The DSC model allows also for the characterization of non-associative behavior through the use of disturbance. Elastic perfectly plastic behavior is assumed for modeling of steel reinforcement. The DSC model is validated at two levels: (1) specimen and (2) practical boundary value problem. For the specimen level, the predictions are obtained by the integration of the incremental constitutive relations. The FE procedure with DSC/HISS-CT model is used to obtain predictions for practical boundary value problems. Based on the comparisons between DSC/HISS-CT predictions, test data and ANSYS software predictions, it is found that the model provides highly satisfactory predictions. The model allows computation of microcracking during deformation leading to the fracture and failure; in the model, the critical disturbance, Dc, identifies fracture and failure.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.45-54
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• 2012

최근 쓰레기 매립장에 널리 사용되고 있는 토목섬유는 흙과의 접촉면에서 대변형 거동 및 변형율 연화 등의 전단거동 특성을 보이는데, 이는 토목섬유-흙 접촉면에서 함수비, 연직응력, 화학적 요소의 영향 등 고유물성에 기인한다. 본 연구에서는 침출수 내의 산성 및 염기성과 같은 성분의 영향이 진동하중 상태에서 토목섬유-흙 접촉면의 전단강도 감소에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 이미 구축된 다기능 접촉면 시험기(M-PIA)를 수정 제작하고 200일간 수침시킨 토목섬유와 흙 시료를 이용하여 진동 직접전단시험을 수행하였고, 그 결과 교란상태개념에 기초하여 화학적 인자들에 의한 토목섬유-흙 접촉면의 화학적 전단강도 감소 특성을 교란도 함수로써 확인하였다. 또한 전계방출주사현미경(FIB)을 이용하여 화학적 인자에 따른 흙입자 및 접촉면 손상의 차이를 확인하였다.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2008

인공연직배수재는 일반적인 샌드드래인에 비하여 비용 절감, 지반 교란의 최소화, 시공성 및, 시공 중에 발생될 수 있는 배수재의 변형을 최소화하는 유연성을 지니고 있다. 본 연구에서는 실내실험을 통하여 측압과 동수경사에 따른 여러형태 PVD의 통수능을 도출하였다. 시험결과는 압밀된 점토에 대한 과압력이 증가하였으며, 또한 PVD 공시체의 측압도 증가하였다. 이는 측압이 증가함에 따라 통수능이 감소됨을 나타내고 있으며, PVD 코어의 공극크기는 통수능과 비례관계에 있음을 보여준다. 현장조건을 고려하여 시뮬레이션을 통한 침하량에 대한 수치해석을 수행한 결과 현장계측한 침하량과 유사하게 나타났다.

• 공업화학
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.393-398
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• 1991

실제 실험 시간에 따른 시료의 무게변화와 생성가스의 조성 측정을 동시에 진행할 수 있는 실험실 규모의 장치를 칸 발란스를 이용하여 제작하였다. 급속 가열이 가능하도록 텅스텐 할로겐 등을 이용한 복사가열 방식을 채택하였고 시료 접시는 복사열을 충분히 흡수하도록 흑연을 사용하였다. 석탄가스화 실험조건에서 이 흑연이 반응기체와 반응하는 것을 막기위하여 실리콘나이트로 코팅하였고, 시료접시 바로 밑에 위치한 열전쌍에도 같은 방식으로 제작된 흑연 모자를 씌워 복사열 흡수능력이 서로 다른 흑연(시료접시)과 금속체(열전쌍) 사이에서 생길 수 있는 온도 측정의 오차를 최소화 하도록 하였다. 이 장치를 사용한 결과 상온에서 섭씨 800도까지 3 분 이내에 온도상승이 가능하였으며 시료 접시의 무게변화없이 실험중 석탄 시료의 무게 변화와 가스조성을 동시에 측정할 수 있었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.280-289
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• 2008

This paper presents design of the quantitative feedback control system of the three axes hydraulic road simulator with respect to the dummy wheel for uncertain multiple input-output(MIMO) feedback systems. This simulator has the uncertain parameters such as fluid compressibility, fluid leakage, electrical servo components and nonlinear mechanical connections. This works have reproduced the random input signal to implement the real road vibration's data in the lab. The replaced $m^2$ MISO equivalent control systems satisfied the design specifications of the original $m^*m$ MIMO control system and developed the mathematical method using quantitative feedback theory based on schauder's fixed point theorem. This control system illustrates a tracking performance of the closed-loop controller with low order transfer function G(s) and pre-filter F(s) having the minimum bandwidth for parameters of uncertain plant. The efficacy of the designed controller is verified through the dynamic simulation with combined hydraulic model and Adams simulator model. The Matlab simulation results to connect with Adams simulator model show that the proposed control technique works well under uncertain hydraulic plant system. The designed control system has satisfied robust performance with stability bounds, tracking bounds and disturbance. The Hydraulic road simulator consists of the specimen, hydraulic pump, servo valve, hydraulic actuator and its control equipments

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.779-790
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• 2007

Objective : Although chronic non-bacterial prostatitis is a common disease, it is very difficult to treat effectively. GLS (Gleditsiae Spina) has traditionally been used in treatment of urinary tract inflammation and voiding disturbance. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects and action mechanism of GLS in the rat model of non-bacterial prostatitis induced by castration and testosterone treatment. Method : We observed four experimental objects of normal group, control group, testosterone group, and GLS group. Rats were treated with 17$\beta$-estradiol after castration for induction of experimental non-bacteral prostatitis, which is similar to human chronic prostatitis in histophatological profiles. GLS and testosterone were administered as an experimental specimen and a positive control, respectively. The prostates were evaluated by histopahological parameters including the epithelial score and epithelio-stromal ratio for glandular damage. Also, the prostates were observed by hematological alterations of WBC, RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelet. Results : While prostates of control rats revealed severe acinar gland atrophy and stromal proliferation, the rats treated with GLS showed a diminished range of tissue damage. Epithelial score was improved in GLS over that of the control. The epithelial-stromal ratio was lower in GLS when compared to that of the control. Conclusion : These findings suggest that GLS may protect the glandular epithelial cells. We concluded that GLS could be a useful remedy agent for treating chronic non-bacterial prostatitis.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.159-168
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• 2000

Purpose: To elucidate the effects of the irradiation and calcium-deficient diet on expression of interleukin (IL)-1 during tooth formation of rat molar. Materials and Methods: The pregnant three-week-old Spague-Dawley rats were used for the study. The control group was non-irradiation/normal diet group, and the experimental groups were irradiation/normal diet group and irradiation/calcium-deficient diet group. The abdomen of the rats on the 9th day of pregnancy were irradiated with single dose of 350 cGy, The rat pups were sacrificed on the 14th day after delivery and the maxillae tooth germs were taken. The specimen were prepared to make sections for light microscopy, and some of tissue sections were stained immunohistochemically with anti-IL-l antibody. Results: In the irradiation/normal diet group, dental follicle showed fewer blood vessels, mononuclear cells, and fusions of mononuclear cells than in non-irradiation/normal diet group. Alveolar bone showed a few osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Periodontal ligament showed collagen fibers and fibroblasts with irregularity. Weak immunoreactivity for IL-l was shown in dental follicle, alveolar bone, and periodontal ligament. In the irradiation/calcium-deficient diet group, dental follicle showed sparse cellularity. Alveolar bone showed diminished number of osteoblasts. Periodontal ligament showed irregular collagen fibers and atrophy of cementoblasts and fibroblasts. No immunoreactivity for IL-1 was shown in dental follicle, alveolar bone, and periodontal ligament. Conclusion: Irradiation and calcium-deficient diet seems to cause disturbance of the expression of interleukin-l during tooth formation of rat molar.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2012

동토를 대상으로 건설되는 지반구조물과 방사능 폐기물 처리장의 점토벽체의 성능을 결정하기 위해서는 정확한 세립토의 열전도계수 산정이 중요하다. 그러나 세립토의 경우 시료 성형과정에서의 교란, 포화상태 유지, 그리고 측정 장치의 장기발열로 인해 함수비 구배 발생과 같은 기존 열전도계수 측정 장비의 문제점으로 인해 열전도계수 측정에 오차가 발생한다. 본 연구에서는 압밀장비를 개조하여 열전도계수 측정용 니들프로브를 삽입한 상태에서 압밀시험을 활용하여 하중조건과 건조밀도의 변화에 따른 열전도계수를 연속적으로 측정하였다. 또한 실내실험 결과를 토대로 흙입자 구성성분의 열전도계수를 고려한 예측 모델의 신뢰성을 분석하였다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.5-12
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• 2015

최근 늘어나고 있는 폐기물량에 따라 폐기물 매립장의 건설이 증가하고 있으며, 매립장 내 폐기물의 보강 및 보호 목적으로 토목섬유가 널리 사용되고 있다. 토목섬유는 흙과의 접촉면을 형성하는데 폐기물 매립장의 전단 거동에 영향을 미치게 된다. 본 연구에서는 침출수 내의 산성 및 염기성과 같은 성분이 반복 전단하중 상태에서 지반-토목섬유 접촉면의 전단강도 감소에 미치는 영향을 실내 시험을 통하여 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 동적 접촉면 전단시험기를 제작하고 60일, 840일간 수침시킨 토목섬유와 흙 시료를 이용하여 반복 단순전단시험을 수행하였고, 그 결과를 교란상태개념에 기초하여 화학적 인자들에 의한 지반-토목섬유 접촉면의 전단강도 감소 특성을 교란도 함수로써 확인하였다.