• 소성∙가공
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.251-255
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• 2009

Since fastener bolt for airplane require high specific strength and corrosion resistance, Ti-6Al-4V alloy is widely used. However, the Ti-6Al-4V bolt is generally manufactured by cutting and rolling because of their poor workability. The aim of present work is to develop hot forming technology for high strength Ti-6Al-4V. Various heat-treatments were applied to specimen in order to increase hot-workability and prevent galling with die. Multiple forging were simulated with FE code to determine optimum process parameters including specimen temperature, strain rate, local strain, and thermal shrinkage. Forged samples were heat-treated again to increase their mechanical properties.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 1983

논의 볏짚 시용(施用)이 춘계(春季) 이경작업성능(犁耕作業性能)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 분석(分析)하기 위(爲)하여 볏짚의 길이를 10,20,30,60m로 절단(切斷)하여 10a당(當) 450kg의 볏짚을 시용(施用)하고 토양수분(土壤水分)이 27~36% d.b.인 식양토(埴壤土)의 논에서 8마력(馬力) 동력경운기(動力耕耘機)로 이경작업(犁耕作業)을 실시(實施)하여 볏짚 절단(切斷)길이의 변화(變化)와 토양수분(土壤水分)의 변화(變化)가 견인력(牽引力), 견인비저항(牽引比抵抗), slip 연료소모량등(燃料消耗量等)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 분석(分析)하였으며 토양수분(土壤水分) 및 토양경도(土壤硬度)와 이경작업성능(犁耕作業性能)과의 관계(關係)를 구명(究明)하였던 바 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 가. 이경작업시(犁耕作業時)의 견인력(牽引力)은 볏짚 절단(切斷)길이 약(約) 30cm와 토양수분(土壤水分) 약(約) 32%에서 110kg으로 최소(最小)로 나타났다. 나. 볏짚의 절단(切斷)길이와 토양수분(土壤水分)의 변화(變化)에 따른 견인비저항(牽引比抵抗)과 slip에 대(對)한 회귀방정식(回歸方程式)을 유도(誘導)하였다. 다. 견인비저항(牽引比抵抗)과 slip은 볏짚의 절단(切斷)길이 약(約) 30cm, 토양수분(土壤水分) 약(約) 32%에서 각각(各各) $0.35kg/cm^2$, 16%로 최소(最小)값을 나타내었으며 견인비저항(牽引比抵抗)은 토양수분(土壤水分) 변화(變化)에 slip은 볏짚의 절단(切斷)길이의 변화(變化)에 더 민감한 반응(反應)을 보였다. 라. 이경작업능률(犁耕作業能率)은 토양수분(土壤水分) 약(約) 35%, 토양경도(土壤硬度) 약(約) $10kg/cm^2$에서 최대(最大)인 5.3a/hr으로 나타났으며 이경작업능률(犁耕作業能率)은 토양경도(土壤硬度)의 이차함수(二次函數)로 나타났다. 마. 볏짚을 시용(施用)한 논에서의 연료소모량(燃料消耗量)은 볏짚 길이 약(約) 30cm, 토양수분(土壤水分) 약(約) 32%에서 평균(平均) 6.5l/10a로 최소(最小)로 나타났다.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 1996년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.132-136
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• 1996

A Study is a experiment which is figure out to aptimum discharge cutting condition of the surfaceroughness, electric discharging speed and electro wear ratio with Ton Toff and V(voltage) as an input condition according to the current(Ip) in an electric spark machine ; 1)Electrode is utilized Cu(coper) and Graphite. 2)Work piece is used the material of carbon steel. The condition of experiment is; 1)Current is varied 0.7(A) to 50(A). 2)Pulse time(Ton) is varied 3($\mu$s) to 240($\mu$s) and also Toff is varied 7($\mu$s) to 20($\mu$s). 3)The time of electric discharging to work piece in each time is 30(min) to 60(min) 4)After the upper side of work piece was measured in radius (5${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$) of syulus analyzed the surface roughness to made the table and graph of Rmax by yielding data. 5)Electro wear ratio is; \circled1Coper was measured cx-machining and post machining but the electronic baiance. \circled2The ex-machining of graphite measured by it, the post-machining was found the data from volume specific gravity and analyzed to made its table and graph on ground the data 6)In order to keep the accuracy of voltage affected to the work piece was equipped with the A.V.R(Automatic Voltage Regulator). 7)The memory scope was sticked to the electric spark machine. 8)In order to preserve the precision of current, to get rid of the noise occured by internal resistance of electric spark machine and to force injecting for the discharge fluid, it made the fixed table for a work piece to minimize the work error by means of one's failure during the electric discharging According to above results, the surface roughness by the variation of electrodw and current was analyzed to compare KS(Korea Standards) It was decided the optimum condition of electric discharge cutting through analyzing the effect of electric discharge speed and electro wear ratio.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제16권4호통권97호
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• pp.148-154
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• 1999

This study was carried out to verify grinding performance of dental diamond bur and investigate the possibility of AE application in dentistry field. Workpieces were made of acryl and bovine respectively for the experiments in this study. Grinding test was conducted to get the data of grinding resistance and specific grinding energy of four different types of diamond bur by using tool dynamometer. AE signal was acquired to verify grinding process in the AE measuring system. Tool wear was observed to find parameters about grinding characteristics of diamond bur by means of SEM picture. It was found that the wear of dental diamond bur could be detected with polishing of grinding material, removal of adhesive parts, wear of particles neighboring cutting nose, loss of material and elevation of temperature. The wear of B, C, D type diamond bur is due to wear and fracture of grain size. Abnormal state can be found through the behavior of AE signal in the grinding working. As a result, it is expected that forecast of abnormal state is possible using AE equipments under real time process.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.72-79
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• 1997

A study is a experiment which is figure out to optimum discharge cutting condition of the surface roughness, electronic discharging speed and electrode wear ration with Ton , Toff and V(voltage) as an input condition according to the current(Ip) in an electric spark machine : 1) Electrode is utilized Cu and Graphite. 2) Work piece is used the material of carbon steel. The condition of experiment is : 1) Current is varied 0.7(A) to 50(A) and the time of electric discharging to work piece in each time is 30(min) to 60(min). 2) After the upper side of work piece was measured in radius(5$\mu$m) of stylus analyzed the surface roughness to ade the table and graph of Rmax by yielding data. 3) Electro wear ratio is : \circled1Cooper was measured ex-machining and post-machining by the electronic balance. \circled2The ex-machining of graphite measured by it, the post-machining was found the data from volume $\times$specific gravity and analyzed to made its table and graph on ground the data. 4) In order to keep the accuracy of voltage affected to the work piece was equipped with the A.V. R and the memory scope was sticked to the electric spark machine. 5) In order to preserve the precision of current, to get rid of the noise occured by internal resistance of electric spark machine and to force injecting for the discharge fluid , it made the fixed table for a work piece to minimize the work error by means of one's failure during the electric discharging.

• 지질공학
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2016

최근 들어 도심지 재개발과 산업단지 조성 등이 활발하게 진행되면서 깎기 비탈면의 효율적 활용과 민원방지 그리고 환경훼손을 최소화할 수 있는 공법의 필요성이 점차 커지고 있다. 판넬식 옹벽은 지보재 보강을 통해 원지반의 전단강도를 증가시키고 전면판인 프리캐스트 판넬과 지보재를 체결하여 개별적 벽체를 형성시킴으로써 수평토압에 저항하는 공법이다. 프리캐스트 판넬의 적용으로 기존 옹벽에서 발생하던 콘크리트 현장타설에 의한 공기지연과 콘크리트 품질저하 등의 문제는 다소 해결되었지만 비탈면 과다절취에 의한 사토처리 및 토취장 확보, 및 옹벽 전면 콘크리트 노출로 인한 경관성 저하문제는 여전히 미결과제로 남아있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 기존 판넬식옹벽의 단점을 보완하기 위하여 판넬 전면을 자연암반형으로 연출하고 수직의 원지반에도 부착이 가능하도록 공정을 개선하였으며 실내 및 현장시험을 통하여 개발된 옹벽의 현장 적용성 평가를 수행하였다. 판넬에 대한 실내시험을 수행하여 자연암반형 판넬의 자체강도 및 거동특성에 대한 검증을 수행하였으며 현장 시험시공을 통하여 수직절취 및 원지반 부착에 대한 현장 적용성을 평가하였다. 또한 시험시공 시 보강재 및 비탈면에 대한 계측 을 수행하였으며 이를 3차원 수치해석 결과와 비교·분석하였다. 실내시험 결과 사보강에 의한 판넬의 펀칭강도 증가를 확인하였으며 현장 시험시공을 통하여 원지반 부착식 옹벽의 시공성 및 현장 적용성을 확인하였다. 또한, 장기계측 및 수치해석적 검증을 통하여 원지반 부착식 옹벽 시스템이 시공중 및 장기적으로 안정성이 확보됨을 확인하였다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.457-478
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• 1992

Electrical resistance strain gauges, brittle-coatings, Moir'e fringe analysis, photoelasticity methods, etc, have been employed in the study of stress analysis and three-dimensional photoelasticity method used in this experiment. The author fabricated a total of 24 samples of maxillary and mandibular edentulous ridges with normal and sharp shapes using epoxy resin, one of the photoelastic materials. In addition, complete denture made from artificial resin teeth in other twoo sizes, large and medium size, were affixed to the specimens and attached to an articulator. The following results were attained by cutting 9 slice specimens into 6mm thick portions, in accordance with the three dimensional photoelastic stress freezing method, to analyze stress distribution status under specific static loading in the central, lateral and protrusive occlusions of the shape of edentulous ridge. 1. In the case of central occlusion, when complete resin artificial teeth in large and medium sizes were used on normal and sharp alveolar ridges, high stress distribution was broadly shown in the labio-buccal sides, and low and concentrated in the lingual sides, in all cases. Generally, the highest stresses were shown at the top of the alveolus, or at 2mm below the top of the alveolus, particularly in the specimen 2, 3, and stresses were more or less the same in the symmetrical right and left sides. 2. In the case of lateral occlusion, when the same load was applied, high stresses were shown broadly at the working sides in both the labio-buccal and lingual sides, and low and concentrated at the balanced sides. The highest stresses were shown in the top of the alveolus on the working sides in specimen 2 portion, and the lowest stresses at the balanced sides in specimen 6, slightly higher stresses were shown at retromolar parts in the balanced sides. 3. In the case of protrusive occlusion, high stresses were broadly shown at the labio-buccal sides, and slightly higher stresses at the top 2, 4, and 6mm parts of the alveolus with concentration. The highest stresses were shown in specimen No. 5 and the lowes stresses in specimen 1, 9 and stresses were more of less the same at the symmetrical right and left sides.