• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.53-63
• /
• 2021

Purpose: Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is an important field of inpatient treatment, in which critically ill patients have been treated intensively with advanced medical technology. The level of treatment in the intensive care unit and the modernization of related facilities are important indicators of the quality of medical care. At present, when regional public hospitals are expanding frequently, reasonable planning of ICU has become an important part of medical institutions that treat ICU. The purpose of this study is to provide basic data on the net area of each unit, which can be used in ICU building planning. Methods: The investigation and analysis of the ICU were conducted in 12 medical institutions, based on theoretical analysis based on relevant guidelines and literature, and analysis of actual space composition and net area through architectural drawings. Results: This research provides basic data, such as the location relationship with other important departments, regional division, spatial composition, the relationship between main activities and regions, the composition of facilities in the region, and the area and proportions of each region. Implications: It is expected that the results of this article will provide effective reference materials for the reasonable spatial organization and effective operation of the intensive care units of ordinary public hospitals of different sizes in the future.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• no.34
• /
• pp.69-77
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study is to recognize the living space and life pattern transition which is expressed in the modernization course with the analysis of the Jeju rural houses. For this study, I choose 72 residences examples in 8 villages as the subjects which are changed by the spontaneous purpose of the inhabitants who live in Jeju area were chosen as the subjects. As for the research method, after visiting the subject residence directly, and the field study such as the actual estimation, observation and interview were performed.The conclusion of the study with these purpose are as follows. First, The opened spatial composition of the sitting-inclination is composed of the form which has the individual opened room and living room with the mechanism to grant the flexibility to the limited space and the structure for enduring the much-humid oceanic climate. Second, The life pattern shows the sitting life which usually uses the an-bang and living room with the seasonal change.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.87-97
• /
• 2002

This study is aimed at grasping how the farmhouses in Yongdong area continues to be transfigured according to the modernization and urbanization since 8.15 Liberation through the analysis of natural environment and sociocultural environment elements. The farmhouses in Yongdong area before 1960's have had a different spatial structure from those of the other areas because of the characteristics of the climatic, regional, geographic and sociocultural environment elements. The roof improvement promoting law after 1967, the Saemaul Movement since 1971 and the standard drawing of farmhouse after 1972 are transfigured the rural villages, but they were turned up the limitations of their exploits because of the lack of cognition about environment elements. Recently there were appeared the farmhouses which were reflected farmer's decisions in construction after 1980's because former farmhouses were not give consideration to environment elements.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.25-40
• /
• 2003

Since Korea open her ports to the West, she had undergone a great change under the alien influences both on the macro-social and micro-social aspects. This study aims to review the korean housing, corresponding with the everyday life, during the period of transition between the 1876 - 1910 and to interpret its process of modernization and the meaning of modernity. With regards to understand the holistic human relationship and place pf living through history, this study takes the Nobert Elias' Civilization Theory as a theoretical basis. References were therefore, made to various records of foreign missionary at the time, with respect not only to macro sociological changes but also to changes of everyday life. It is of course to take physical and structural aspects of housing architecture into consideration. These works, thus, led to presuming the housing culture of said period. In order to investigate modern character of korean housing, distinctively represented by spatial structure, considerations were made to various architectural examples according to the social and residential status both in urban and rural area. As a results, this paper came to the remarks as follows; 1. It is understood, that the process of modernization is a part of the process of civilization as synthetic process. It is integrated with the change of socio-cultural aspects and everyday life. 2. Korean housing in the said period shows various different residential status and grade of civilization according to the social status as well as economical status. Modern housing was not in general yet. 3. Housing for high classes and middle classes in Seoul shows a tendency of assimilation and imitation after western model. But some examples within the housing of high classes represent its own modernity, that is based on the rationalism and equalization 4. In the housing of lower classes, it was very far from the benefits of civilization. It could analogize from the immature control of disgrace, from undevelopment of individual territory and from uncultivation of rationality in the housing space.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.21-31
• /
• 2013

This study focuses on the regional characteristics observed in the composition and floor plan of folk houses in the Young-cheon region situated in the Southern East inland of Gyungsangbukdo. According to the typical characteristics of the Korean folk house, Young-cheon region is supposed to be classified as the Young-Nam region. Our study shows that the open inverse 'ㄱ' type composition is the most common among others, which consists the living room, UtChae and one BoosokChae that serves as a living room and a farm shop. The typical floor plan is called 'Young Nam type' 'H$\hat{o}$tjib' composed of four rooms. Young Nam type of house has a wall in front of the room floor with a door to make the space with the room floor as the internal space. This can be explained by the climatic conditions in the Southern region of Gyungsangbukdo, which has a very cold winter and has a harsh spring wind in Young-cheon. The structural feature to which we should pay attention is the Young Nam type house has a gambrel roof. The evolutions of the house in the 70s are observed in the roof during the Saemaeul Movement from a hut to a modernized roof. In the 80s, the replacement of the heating system, expansion of rooms, modernization of kitchen, replacement of paper windows, modernization of roof, and construction of amenities had taken place to change the space, construction and structure following the modern house features.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.61 no.6
• /
• pp.38-59
• /
• 2011

This study is based on the periodical discourse of women and their costumes, described in modern novels that were published from late 1890s to the 1930s. New cultural phenomena emerged among Korean women in the period of modernization. In particular, rapid increase of jobs for women and preference for western female body shape are very noticeable phenomena that can be observed in novels of the 1930s. In addition, the symbolic meanings of female costumes are variously described in modern novels according to the periodical and spatial environment and jobs for women. The symbolic meanings are organized as 'Trophysm, Expression of sexuality, Liberation from male-dominated society, Symbolic difference between rural and urban areas, Vanity, Decadence, Mechanism tending to hide and Change of values'. And women's costumes kept changing in the boundary of 'Confliction, Coexistence and Harmonization' of traditional and western costumes. 'Confliction' phenomenon got emerged in novels published between 1900 and 1910. The resistance on traditional costumes that restricted woman's life got spread. But western female costumes as a symbol of new culture could not be generalized but accepted as high fashion. 'Coexistence' phenomenon was appeared in novels of the 1920s. At that time, the modernization for traditional costumes by female students was emerged along with trendy fashion. Also, the frequency of using western fashion items was increased in the Korean society. Therefore, it shows that western costumes in the Korean society became popularized in the coexistence with traditional costumes. 'Harmonization' phenomenon was emerged in novels of the 1930s. In the novels, the emergence of western female costumes, personal preference items, and westernized hair style implies that western costumes were absorbed into the Korean society that had kept traditional costumes.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.107-112
• /
• 2011

Several developed countries have been developing their own satellite navigation systems, such as Europe's Galileo, China's BEIDOU, and Japan's QZSS, to cope with clock errors and signal vulnerabilities of GPS. In addition, modernization of Loran, eLoran, for GPS backup has been conducted. In Korea, a dependent navigation system has been required and for GPS backup, the need for utilization of time synchronization infrastructure through the modernization of Loran has been raised. Loran signal uses 100Khz groundwave. A significant factor limiting the ranging accuracy of the Loran signal is the ASF arising from the fact that the groundwave signal is likely to propagate over paths of varying conductivity and topography. Thus, an ASF compensation method is very important for Loran and eLoran navigation. This paper introduces the propagation delay model and then compares and analyzes the estimations from the propagation delay model and measured ASFs.

• Journal of architectural history
• /
• v.7 no.4 s.17
• /
• pp.29-47
• /
• 1998

The aim of this study is to understand the original methods of architectural composition in F. L. Wright's works, For this purpose, the principal thoughts based on his organic architecture was examined over all others, and the results of this study are as follows. 1. F. L. Wright knew Taoist Philosophy, especially Lao-tzu's thought about space based on traditional oriental arts included traditional japanese arts by his superior intuition. this is similar to Froebel Thought in the principal theory, that is, his own unique field of abstract architectural education with three-dimensional geometry learned through Froebel Gifts. 2. Space is reality ; such Lao-tzu's thought, reversed the sense of values, influenced F. L. Wright's way to accomplish his own continuous space. that is to say, he attempted taking precedence of spatial organization by the unit of three-dimensional module made the substance, Froebel Blocks (3, 4, 5, 6 Gifts) into non-substance, and trying to do the methods of continuous liberal composition in architecture. which is his original accomplishment, namely his mentioned 'democratic' because of judging the space and the mold of architecture as individualities. 3. F. L. Wright treated the space as a positive entity, so that he created his own architecture organically combined with spaces and forms. : This was the result that he comprehended both formative, physical worth in West and spatial, non-physical worth in East as equivalence. It is understood that F. L. Wright's works combined with East and West are the significance of his architecture and the progress of true internationalities and modernization in modern architecture. 4. From the analyses of his works, we knew the fact that F. L. Wright's architecture, especially in the spatial organization were performed by the reasonable methods with geometric system of Froebel Gifts. In the observation of our fundamental way of thinking on his architecture, this study shows the necessity to let us get out of preconceptions and conclusions that the organic architecture is mysterious and difficult, but to systematize and put his organic methods to practical use.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
• /
• v.44 no.3
• /
• pp.282-300
• /
• 2009

This paper attempts to focus the ways in which Seoul as an urban space can be read and interpreted from gender perspective, assuming Seoul as a cultural text which represents modernity and post-modernity. Drawing on discussions of urban sociology and human geography which have analyzed the relationship between material spaces and social subjects, this paper explores the gendered segregation and representations of space in Seoul which has been constructed through the process of modernization. The framework of spatial interpretation of Seoul, concentrating on imageablity and legibility, consists of three dimensions; gendered division of labour and sphere, dichotomy of representations along with femininity and masculinity, and the ways of interlocking between modernity and post-modernity. In this paper, 'fl$\check{a}$nerie', Benjamin's method of interpretation of urban culture and the way of seeing with 'speculum' of Irigaray are adopted as metaphoric methodologies. It is an attempt to develop a new methodology to analyze and interpret urban space from gender-cultural perspective.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.757-774
• /
• 2004

This paper is to reclassify systematically the functions of urban river: that is, water supply, land management, transportation and energy source as social and economic function; formation of geomorphic surface, water-side landscape, community constitution and boundary and separation between regions as spatial function; and drainage of waste water, purification, habitation, and weather regulation as ecological function. On the basis of this reclassification, it can be argued that the socio-economic functions (eg. water supply) of the river among the functions of the river have been strongly mobilized in the process of modernization, while the spatial function and ecological function of urban river have been ignored. The Kumho river which flows through Daegu and the adjacent area has made a great contribution to the modem development process of the river basin area, but as a result of a selective development of a specific function of the river, that is the social and economic function, it now suffers from the lack of instream flow and is deprived of its original functions with the water pollution and degradation. Moreover the Daegu region seems no longer possible to develop on the dependence of the river. In order to overcome this kind of social and environmental crisis, this paper is to suggest both some principles and main evaluating indicators to restore the original and comprehensive functions of the river, and important measures to make the co-evolution of the city and the river possible.