• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to explore the spacial boundary in Kazuyo Sejima's housing architecture, to give attention to contemporary housing architecture that we inhabit, and to escape from existing architectural concepts. This study seeks to the meaning and possibility of the spacial boundary on the basis of contemporary architecture. The spacial boundary can be studied in the aspect of architectural space that molds human experience and perception. As a result of this study, three properties in the spacial boundary are revealed. One property of the spacial boundary is soft that protect privacy from gaze of exterior. Another property is that communication that changes according to material of boundary and its experience of observer. The other property is to have uncertainty by compound of programs and material-mixing senses including its perception. This results means that the spacial boundary as interface which is represent our everyday life in the contemporary housing architecture.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.77-83
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• 2008

MVRDV is most important architect as created interesting architectural space in contemporary architecture, and so they applies to the unique theory in their architecture. They used to architectural diagram, program, datascape, density as a design tool. Especially, they have create new architectural space and form in using architectural diagram, program, datascape, density, and void. So, this study is purposed to explain how they use as architectural tool to make composition of it's architectural space and is purpose to explain what is their main concept in architectural space. MVRDV's architectural space has fundamental methodology. That is Datascape on uncertainty and continuity between urban space and architectural space. The former consist in using diagram and architectural program and the latter consist in operating architectural void and inner continuity surface. The conclusion is follows 1. The mode of spacial composition by architectural void is correspond density of city as MVRDV's architectural thinking. 2. The mode of spacial composition by architectural program is ambiguous to the boundary between inner and exterior space by transparency. 3. The mode of spacial composition by architectural diagram make to generate the architectural form and space, through the reinterpretation and relocation of architectural program. 4. The mode of spacial composition inner continuity plane is make relative between site and inner space.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.51-67
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to bring light on the characteristics of the transition in the Ddeulzip. The subject of this study is clan village of Pungsan Kim's family in Andong Cultural Area. Architectural transition of Ddeulzip is analyzed into three part. The first part is settlement of family. In this process, there is a background and many types of settlement. The second part is the extension of family. The extensional types are 'near-by branch' and 'far-away branch'. The last part is variation of housing. Spacial requests of residence are changed endlessly. Thus the spacial types of Ddeulzip are changed by the construction time of building. In many case, we couldn't decide the building period. The genealogy of Chosun Dynasty is the base of family history. In this study, the construction activity of Ddeulzip is based on the genealogy. The phylogenetic tree of Ddeulzip in clan village is constructed by the genealogy. The figures of the type of bunch of grapes is made by phylogenetic tree based on the genealogy. Omi Village in Andong was settled at first in the 15C. The cause of settlement is the aim of escape from political oppression. For long time, Omi Village is developed gradually. There area is divided in some small family boundary. There spacial types are contained the characteristics of many times. Orock Village in Bonghwa is settled for search of best environment in the last of 17C. At that time, a lot of families of same clan are gathered in that village. For short time, Orock Village is enlarged quickly. Thus there spacial type is similar each other. But boundary of entire space of outdoor is constructed clearly by pavilion area, housing area and sanctuary area.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.20-28
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• 2005

This paper investigates that the ambiguity of the boundary between interior space and exterior space in architecture appears universally in history and reveals the various aspects of ambiguous boundary in architecture. The space is formed by the relationship with the surroundings and the boundary of two opposite spaces is apt to be ambiguous according to lots of complex factors. Before Modern Architecture the boundary of interior and exterior space had a tendency to be ambiguous by modifying compositional method of material boundary, that is semi interior-exterior space, the reversion of interior and exterior space and space in space. After Modern Architecture the meaning of physical boundary in space is lost along with dissolution of boundary over the society and the boundary of space comes to be dematerialized by the technology and the change of space perception. The phenomenon of deconstruction in spacial boundary accelerate increasingly according to fluid space, mutually interpenetrated space, visual transparency and adjustment of layers. And contemporary technology is collapsing the meaning itself of space division fundamentally.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.22-35
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• 1995

A simplified numerical procedure have proposed to trace the dynamic behaviour of offshore tubulars subjected to lateral collision impacts. The local denting and overall bending deformation of the struck tubular are represented by a non-linear spring and an elastic visco-plastic beam respectively. In this method a temporal finite difference method and a spacial finite element method are employed. Using this method various boundary conditions are able to considered and their effects on the extent of damage can be quantified. The extent of damage due to collision can be obtained as results of the dynamic analysis. The predictions using the proposed method have been correlated with existing test results and then the reliability of the procedure has been substantiated. The characteristics of the dynamic response of tubulars under lateral impacts are compared for simply supported roller and fixed end conditions and their effects on the extent of damage are specfied.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.411-423
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• 2017

The spacial potential source contribution function (PSCF) method was utilized by considering topography and height of back trajectories based on the measurement of organic typo matter (OM), $NO_3{^-}$, $SO{_4}^{2-}$, and $NH_4{^+}$ at the Baegryungdo Super Site ($37^{\circ}57^{\prime}N$, $124^{\circ}37^{\prime}E$, 135 m a.s.l. (above sea level)) for three selected periods (i.e., January~April, May~August, and September~December) in 2013. The PSCF were calculated on the contributions of trans-boundary transport to the hourly mean concentrations using a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS). The cluster analysis using back trajectories was performed to identify the major airflows to the sampling site. The upper atmosphere in the Tianjin area of China and the lower atmosphere in the western coast area of Korea can be the major source of trans-boundary pollution to the sampling site during January~April resulted from PSCF. The area in Lianyungang-city and Liaoning-sheng, China can be responsibile for the nitrogen related secondary compounds during May~August, and Shandong Peninsula in China is the major source area during September~December. In addition, relationships between the cluster analysis of back trajectories and PSCF were investigated for the statistically significance level for the source areas.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.211-233
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• 2007

Caryl Churchill achieved spacial politics to resist dominant ideology in Cloud Nine. It is suggested that heterotopia is a counter-site to the places which are controlled by colonialism and sexuality. Churchill juxtaposes African colony of Victorian period in the first act and modern London in the second act. It implies that individuals are similarly oppressed by dominant ideology until now though several conditions for individuals are drastically improved. White heterosexual men in the play try to build their utopia to keep their privileges. If they find anything abnormal to their standard, they systematically classify people and organize them into the different ranks and levels to seclude them from their utopia. Actually, the ideal people in the ideal place are oppressed by patriarchal ideology, compulsory heterosexuality, and colonialism which are covertly associated with gender. Therefore, Churchill uses the cross-casting to challenge the artificiality of gender, sexuality, generation and race in the play. People realize that they need to find their own desires free from gender, compulsory heterosexuality, ethnic, and race and their subjectivity flowing in and out of space. It is the site that all the binary oppositions are deconstructed and creates new multiple nodes to expand the boundary of their communities to heterotopia in real places.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2007

본 연구는 최근 급격히 늘어나고 있는 복합상영관의 화재안전 성능을 확보하기 위한 차원에서 설계단계에 있는 조합형 복합상영관에 대하여 화재모델링에 의한 공간특성 및 화재조건에 따른 초기화재 거동 특성을 다양하게 분석함으로써 방재대책 개선의 방향을 제시하고자 하였다. 화재하중이 작더라도 연기유동 특성으로 인하여 개구부에서의 온도상승속도는 오히려 증가될 수 있으며, 과다한 방염제의 사용은 오히려 연기발생량을 증가시켜 피난을 어렵게 하고 조기 질식사의 원인을 제공할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 설치된 배기구가 미 작동 시 단지 연기의 배출이 정지될 뿐 아니라 헤드의 작동시간을 지연시킴으로 인해 화재 진압도 지연되는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2006

'Place' as the spacial concept became now key concept in the environments and architecture from the mid 20th century. The purpose of this study is to explain the placeness in Aldo Rossi's architecture according to space sequence. Aldo Rossi has attempted to apply the typological elements for the restoration of place in the cites and buildings which had ruined by modem architecture. Therefore It would be important for us to find out a method which making placeness in Aldo Rossi's architecture. Experiencing place could be examined by the method of space sequence. The experience of place is related to the experience of the human body in architecture space. The experience of place in space can make a unique placeness of architect. And, the experience of the place through the movement of the body and the vista, is the key elements of space sequence to explain the placeness in architecture. The results of this research are following. (1)Key space which related to movement of human body in Aldo Rossi's architecture make a set consisted of a goal space and the surrounding space. (2)The Arrange of Space and the formation of the boundary is more complex in the dispersed buildings than that of the single building. (3)The typological elements like a courtyard, a cylinder and the axis in the buildings made the goal space and helping people to find the orientation of human body.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2013

This study represents something in common and differences of organic characteristics between early modern architecture and contemporary architecture analysing F. L. Wright's Robie House and Toyo Ito's Sendai Mediatheque. A natural organic body cannot be separated from the natural environment, and each part of an architecture has each own property and forms a whole at the same time. That is a basic concept of organic architecture, and a framework for analysis is set up based on it. The followings are similarities and differences of organic concept and interpretation between Wright's Robie House and Ito's Sendai Mediatheque First, Wright' Robie house unites with the natural surrounding, using a physically close connection to the ground. In contract, Ito's Mediatheque shows characteristics of noncentural and fluidic space that are metaphorically reflecting tangible and intangible of factors in modern city, where there is an ambiguous physical boundary between architecture and urban environment. Next, floors, walls and ceilings of Wright's housing as for basic building blocks are physically separated and at the same time form formative unity from the point of view of a physical and structural organic body. And continuous flow of faces of separated walls form an organism united with the nature from a physical aspect. On the contrary to this, there is an no-boudary and floating organic architecture of integrated structure from ambiguous setting of relation between architecture and urban space in Ito's architecture. Especially, Mediatheque shows semantic integration of floating urban environmental factors through horizontal and vertical integration of horizontal slabs, vertical pipes, and skins. Last, horizontal and vertical factors of Wright' Housing is appreciated as an basic experienced structure in terms of spacial perception and fluidic inner spaces in Wright's housing is completed with a series of spatial experiences in a visual sense. On the other hand, no-boundary and floating space of Ito's architecture accept user's physical and virtual body. Especially, there is an integration transcending beyond time and space, accepting an imaginary body and events with the course of time at Ito's Mediatheque.