• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.515-519
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• 2014

The fuel properties of biodiesel produced by changing the mixing ratio of methanol and ethanol in trans-esterification of soybean oil and lard were evaluated in this paper. The solubility of oil and fat in ethanol was higher than that in methanol. Also the more homogeneous biodiesel was produced as increasing the mole ratio of ethanol. The conversion characteristics of lard was the best at the mixing mole ratio of methanol and ethanol was 6 : 6 at the reaction temperature of $60^{\circ}C$. On the other hands, the best biodiesel conversion characteristics for soybean oil was obtained at the mixing mole ratio of 3 : 3. The kinematic viscosities of soybean oil and lard based biodiesel were 4.17~4.35 cSt and 4.69~4.93 cSt, respectively. The oxidation stability and higher heating value increased with increasing the mole ratio of ethanol. The oxidation stability satisfied the criteria of biodiesel quality of 6 hours. And finally, the higher heating value was approximately 40 MJ/kg.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.125-131
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• 2009

Biodiesel produced from triglyceride which is main component of animal fats and vegetable oils by methanolysis was known for excellent lubricity. In this study, the lubricity of 12 kinds of biodiesel come from vegetable oils were analyzed using HFRR(High frequency reciprocating rig). The biodiesel synthesized from soybean oil has best lubricity by $153{\mu}m$ of wear scar in HFRR and used fried oil's biodiesel has slightly low lubricity by $299{\mu}m$. Also we have found that the lubricity of diesel was improved when mixing ratio of soybean biodiesel was increased in base diesel.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.29-34
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• 2009

Recently, we have a lot interest in a sudden rise of oil prices and a change weather for the earth warmming, so, development of new alternative fuels need in order to spare fossil fuel and reduce exhaust emissions for air pollution prevention. Biodiesel, which can be generated from natural renewable sources such as new or used vegetable oils or animal fats, may be used as fuel in diesel engine of compression ignition engine. In this paper, the combustion characteristics between neat diesel oil and biodiesel blends(10 vol.% biodiesel and 20 vol.% biodiesel) were tested using four stroke, direct injection diesel engine, especially this biodiesel was produced from soybean oil at our laboratory. This analysis showed that cylinder pressures, the rate of pressure rises and the rate of heat releases were decreased as the blending ratios of biodiesel to diesel oil increased because of lower heating value of biodiesel in spite of increased oxygen content in biodiesel.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.27-32
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• 2008

Recently, we have a lot of interest in alternative fuels to provide energy independence from oil producing country and to reduce exhaust emissions for air pollution prevention. Biodiesel, which can be generated from natural renewable sources such as new or used vegetable oils or animal fats, may be used as fuel in diesel engine of compression ignition engine. In this paper, the test results on specific fuel consumption and exhaust emissions of neat diesel oil and biodiesel blends(10 vol.% biodiesel and 20 vol.% biodiesel) were presented using four stroke, direct injection diesel engine, especially this biodisel was produced from soybean oil at our laboratory. This study showed that Soot and CO emission were decreased as the blending ratios of biodiesel to diesel oil increased, on the other hand NOx emission was slightly increased because of the oxygen content in biodiesel. Also, the biodiesel blends yielded slightly higher specific fuel consumption than that of diesel oil because of lower heating value of biodiesel.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.12-17
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• 2008

Biodiesel fuel(BDF) which is easily produced from vegetable oils such as soybean oil and rice bran oil can be effectively used as an alternative fuel in diesel engine. But biodiesel fuel can affect the performance and emissions in diesel engine because it has different chemical and physical properties from diesel fuel. To investigate the combustion characteristics of biodiesel fuel as an alternative fuel for D.I. diesel engine, the experiments were carried out at the three-cylinder, four stroke D.I. diesel engine with T/C. Experimental parameters adopted a conventional diesel fuel and a blend of biodiesel fuel derived from soybean. As a result of experiments in a test engine, BSFC with blend of BDF resulted in higher than with diesel fuel. The ignition delay decreased with blend of BDF than with diesel fuel.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.602-605
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• 2007

Soybean and rape seed are common feedstocks for biodiesel product ion in USA and Europe, respectively. On the other hand, South Eastern countries like Malaysia and Indonesia have surplus palm crops. However due to substantial amount of saturated fats in palm, the palm biodiesel has poor low temperature properties. To improve the low temperature flow properties as biodiesel, the dependence of the cold filter plugging point (CFPP) on the fatty acid compositions was examined. Two different kinds of biodiesels, palm and soybean biodiesels, were blended with the different volume ratios. And the low temperature flow properties of 0.5%, 1%, and 5% biodiesel in diesel blend fuels was tested. The decrease of CFPP was not observed for BD1 with Palm BD. Also, WDI test didn't exceed in the range of 4oC by the mixing of Palm BD upto 5% in commercial diesels.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.298-305
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• 2001

Emulsified transesterification of soybean oil into biodiesel was investigated using potassium hydroxide and sodium methoxide catalysts with methyl glucoside oleic polyester as a methanol-in-oil emulsifier. The transesterification reaction conditions were optimized to obtain high yields of fatty acid methyl esters of the quality defined by biodiesel standards. The developed process resulted in $95{\sim}96%$ of overall yield from soybean oil by alkali-catalyzed methanolysis at $45^{\circ}C$ of reaction temperature with 6:1 of methanol-to-oil molar ratio and 1(v/v)% methyl glucoside oleic polyester in the presense of 0.8wt% KOH and 1.2wt% $NaOCH_{3}$.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.89-95
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• 2009

Biodiesel (fatty acid alkyl esters), which is produced from sustainable resources such as vegetable oil, animal fat and waste oils, have used to as substitutes for petro-diesel. In this study, we investigate the performance of 30 L and 300 L pilot-scale biodiesel production system using alkali-catalyst transesterification from soybean oil and rapeseed oil produced at Jeju island in Korea. The 30 L-scale biodiesel production was performed to in the condition of reaction temperature $65^{\circ}C$, catalyst amount 1% (w/w) and oil to methanol molar ratio 1 : 8. At that reaction condition, the fatty acid methyl ester contents of product are above 98% within reaction time 30 min. Also, the conversion yield of over 98% was obtained in 300 L-scale biodiesel production system using rapeseed oil and soybean oil. The quality of biodiesel produced from reaction system was satisfied to recommended quality standard of Korea. Our results may provide useful information with regard to the scale-up of more economic and efficient biodiesel production process.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.1902-1909
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• 2005

A process for production of ethyl ester for use as biodiesel has been studied. The sodium hydroxide catalyzed transesterification of soybean oil with ethanol was carried out at different molar ratio of alcohol to oil, reaction temperature and catalyst amount for a constant agitation in two hours of reaction time. Central composite design and response surface methodology were used to determine optimum condition for producing biodiesel. It was found that ethanol to oil ratio and catalyst concentration have a positive influence on ester conversion as well as interaction effects between the three factors considered. An empirical model obtained was able to predict conversion as a function of ethanol to oil molar ratio, reaction temperature and catalyst concentration adequately. Optimum condition for soybean ethyl ester production was found to be moderate ethanol to oil ratio (10.5: 1), mild temperature range ($70^{\circ}C$) and high catalyst concentrations ($1.0\%$wt), with corresponding ester conversion of $93.0\%$.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.124-129
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• 2008

In this study, fuel qualities including kinematic viscosity and pour point in the various temperature, calorific value and combustion characteristics of two biodiesels based on the soybean and waste oil blended with light oil were investigated and discussed in order to figure out to confirm fuel compatibility taking the place of light oil in the hot air heater or boiler. As biodiesel content ratio increased calorific value of biodiesel decreased, and the difference was 13% between 100%-biodiesel and light oil. In general, pour points of the biodiesels were higher than light oil, and as biodiesel content ratio increased pour point increased. About 15 cSt was the pour point of biodiesels and light oil, which occurred at 3 to $4^{\circ}C$ in the biodiesels and $-25^{\circ}C$ in the light oil. Flame dimensions of biodiesels and light oil were almost same at the same combustion condition in the burner of the hot air heater. CO concentrations in the exhaustion gas were far lower than those of the light oil. Though pour point of biodiesel is a little inferior to light oil, still biodiesel can be an alternative fuel substituting for light oil in combustion system without much modifying the current oil combustion mechanism.