• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.447-459
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• 2003

This study was carried out to develop an efficient process far the elimination of phenol pollutant from soils. An microwave-assisted process (MAP) and a conventional Soxhlet extraction method (SEM) were employed to extract phenol from two types of soils. The effects of extraction methods, aged time of the spiked soil samples, extraction solvent and extraction time on the extraction performance were compared. Our results demonstrate that the recoveries from standard soil spiked were at least 10% higher fer MAP than these f3r the conventional Soxhlet. The extraction time by MAP requires significantly shelter time (1 min) than 15 h of the conventional Soxhlet. The recoveries from non-contaminated soil spiked with phenol were also almost identical f3r above results. The reduction of the extraction times with efficiency higher than that afforded by the conventional Soxhlet technique supports the suitability of the MAP method.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.60-67
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• 2000

This study was conducted to elucidate extraction efficiency by microwave in comparison with Soxhlet for extraction of pesticide residues in dried medical herbs; red-ginseng, white-ginseng, Bupleuri Radix, Angelica gigas Nakai, Rehmannia glutinosa. The acetone extraction by microwave of tolclofos-methyl and quintozene in medical herbs was efficient. The extraction efficiency by microwave with power 45 to 150 watts, extraction time 1 to 5 minutes and solvent volume 30 ml was compared with that of Soxhlet with extraction time 7 hours and solvent volume 150 ml. The extraction efficiency by microwave with extraction time 3 to 5 minutes was similar with extraction time of 7 hours by Soxhlet. When medical herbs spiked with tolclofos-methyl and quintozene was analyzed to how the extraction efficiency of microwave by kind of medical herbs, the extraction efficiency by microwave with extraction time of 3 to 5 minutes was the same as Soxhlet extraction. The optimal condition for extraction of tolclofos-methyl and quintozene in medical herbs by microwave was 45 to 90 watts of power supply, 3 to 5 minutes of extraction time and acetone 30 ml of solvent volume.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.264-268
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• 2001

The extraction efficiencies of panaxynol and panaxydol were optimal at 80$^{\circ}C$ with soxhlet method. The extraction efficiencies increased up to 45$^{\circ}C$ with shaking method. Amounts of panaxynol and panaxydol were determined by gas chromatography. Extracted quantities of panaxynol and panaxydol using the shaking method increased over a period of 14 hours. The efficiencies of panaxynol and panaxydol extraction by soxhlet and shaking methods were higher for smaller particle sizes. Upon water swelling treatment, extraction efficiencies of panaxynol and panaxydol decreased gradually with time for both methods.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.64-70
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• 2013

In this study, the effect of soxhlet extraction on dewaxing of the aged beeswax-treated paper was examined. To do this, soxhlet extraction of the aged beeswax-treated paper performed with different reflux conditions and then measured the dewaxing efficiency and change in the various properties such as tensile strength, folding endurance, color and brightness. Also, an artificial aging test was executed in order to investigate the effect of soxhlet extraction on the preservability of the dewaxed paper. As the result of FT-IR analysis, a peak area of CH and COOH group, which are main band of beeswax, was decreased or removed after soxhlet extraction. The decreasing rate of each peaks were increased depending on reflux time. After dewaxing, the physical property such as MIT type folding endurance and tensile strength was decreased. And $L^*$ value and brightness were increased while $a^*$ and $b^*$ value were decreased due to the remove of color compounds in beeswax. The more color deviation (${\Delta}E$) is expected with higher reflux times. As the result of artificial aging, preservability of two dewaxed papers except of DP_SE(C) sample was higher than that of untreated paper i.e. beeswax-treated paper.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.248-253
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• 2006

For the determination of vitamin I using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the most critical and time consuming step is the Quantitative extraction of all vitamin E homologs from sample matrix. Three different extraction methods were compared to determine vitamin E in grains. Saponification used alkaline hydrolysis followed by solvent extraction. Direct solvent extraction included dispersing the samples in hot water, addition of isopropanol and $MgSO_4$, and extraction of the analytes with extracting solvent with Polytron homogenization. Using Soxhlet extraction, the samples were extracted in a Soxhlet apparatus with hexane containing butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Vitamin E content in 14 grains were analyzed and compared by three different extraction methods. Generally, the highest values were observed from direct solvent extraction and Soxhlet extraction followed by saponification. a-Tocopherol equivalent (a-TE) levels in grains ranged from 0.32 a-TE/100 g in prosomillet to 5.12 a-TE/100 g in black rice.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.188-200
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• 2019

Rubber articles contain various organic additives such as antidegradants, curing agents, and processing aids. It is important to extract and analyze these organic additives. In this paper, various extraction methods of organic additives present in rubber composites were introduced (solvent extraction, Soxhlet extraction, headspace extraction, and solid-phase microextraction), and the extracts were characterized using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Solvent and Soxhlet extractions are easy-to-perform and commonly used methods. Efficiency of solvent extraction varies according to the type of solvent used and the extraction conditions. Soxhlet extraction requires a large volume of solvent. Headspace sampling is suitable for extracting volatile organic compounds, while solid-phase extraction is suitable for extracting specific chemicals. GC/MS is generally used for characterizing the extract of a rubber composite because most components of the extract are volatile and have low molecular weights. Identification methods of chemical structures of the components separated by GC column were also introduced.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.237-248
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• 1995

The simultaneous analysis of 16 organic pesticides, which are listed as a part of 129 priority pollutants by EPA(Environmental Protection Agency), was performed by GC-ECD(electron capture detector) and GC/MS-SIM(selected ion monitoring). Two extraction procedures from SW-846, sonication extraction and Soxhlet extraction, were somewhat modified and compared as an extraction and concentration method for the analysis of priority pollutants in soil. Accuracy and precision of the methods were reported from the calculation of mean recovery, mean relative standard deviation, and method detection limit.

• The Korean Journal of Food & Health Convergence
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.11-25
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• 2019

Extraction of oil from Moringa oleifera seed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was investigated. Effects of three factors namely: sample mass, particle size and extraction time on the response, Moringa oleifera a volume extracted, were determined. The Box-Behnken design of RSM was employed which resulted in 15 experimental runs. Extraction was carried out in a 250 ml Soxhlet extractor with Hexane and Ethanol as solvent. The Moringa oleifera seed powder was packed inside a muslin cloth placed in a thimble of the Soxhlet extractor. The extraction was carried out at 60℃ using thermostatic heating mantle. The solvent in the extracted oil was evaporated and the resulting oil further dried to constant weight in the oven. This study demonstrates that Moringa oleifera oil can be extracted from its seed using ethanol and acetone as extraction solvent. The optimum process variables for both solvent (ethanol and acetone) was determined at sample weight of 40 g, particle size of 325 ㎛ and extraction time of 8 hours. It can be deduced that using acetone as solvent produces a higher yield of oil at the same optimum variable conditions compared to when ethanol was used.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.157-161
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• 2009

This paper proposes an analytical method for determining amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs; benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, dibenzo[a,h]anthracene, benzo[g,h,i] perylene) in coffees beans. Soxhlet extraction and liquid/liquid extraction were tested for the quantification of seven PAHs. Soxhlet extraction was followed by cyclohexane extraction and used a silica cartridge. Liquid/liquid extraction was followed by n-hexane extraction and utilized a florisil cartridge. The extracts were analyzed by HPLC-fluorescence detection (FLD) with a Supelcosil LC-PAH column. The PAH recoveries ranged from 78.68 to 96.28% for the liquid/liquid extraction, and from 67.47 to 84.60% for the Soxhlet extraction.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.418-426
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• 1994

This study was aimed at the detection of 40 semi-volatile organic base/neutral compounds from soil among 129 priority pollutants listed by EPA. Two extraction procedures, sonication extraction and Soxhlet extraction, were studied as a extraction and concentration method for priority pollutants in soil. Extracts were analyted by GC/MS-SIM(selected ion monitoring). The analytical methods were tested by standard compounds spiked into blank soil. Accuracy and precision of the methods were measured by calculation of mean recovery and mean relative standard deviation. And the method detection limits were estimated.