• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.131-145
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• 2020

Purpose - The recent growth of South Korean products in the international market is the benchmark for both developed as well as developing countries. According to the development index, the role of international trade is indeed crucial for the development of the national economy. However, the visualization of the international trade profile of the country is the prerequisite of governmental policy decision-makers and guidance for forecasting of foreign trade. Design/methodology - We have utilized data visualization techniques in order to visualize the import & export product space and trade partners of South Korea. Economic Complexity Index (ECI) and Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) were used to identify the Korean international trade diversification, whereas the time series approach is used to forecast the economy and foreign trade variables. Findings - Our results show that Chine, U.S, Vietnam, Hong Kong, and Japan are the leading trade partners of Korea. Overall, the ECI of South Korea is growing significantly as compared to China, Hong Kong, and other developed countries of the world. The expected values of total import and export volume of South Korea are approximately US$535.21 and US$ 781.23B, with the balance of trade US$ 254.02B in 2025. It was also observed from our analysis that imports & exports are equally substantial to the GDP of Korea and have a significant correlation with GDP, GDP per capita, and ECI. Originality/value - To maintain the growth rate of international trade and efficient competitor for the trade partners, we have visualized the South Korea trade profile, which provides the information of significant export and import products as well as main trade partners and forecasting.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.1-15
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• 2022

The global cod market is supposed to have weak structure with a high dependence on the supply of Russia, the United States, Norway, and China. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly disrupted the cod supply chain for the worse. Fish processing facilities in China stopped their operation, and cod demand declined due to shrinking consumption in Europe. The position of South Korea as an intermediary trade country between Russia and China strengthened due to the U.S.-China trade war and the Atlantic cod decrease in 2019. However, this global cod supply chain collapse has caused South Korea to export accumulated cod to Indonesia and Vietnam at a bargain price, showing that South Korea was unable to cope with this supply chain crisis. The primary purpose of this study is to investigate changes in the global cod supply chain and their impacts on the intermediary trade of South Korea caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. It also aims to provide implications by analyzing advanced cases in Denmark. As the cod supply chain crisis countermeasures, this study suggests that South Korea develop high value-added marine products, gain competitive advantages by solidifying the value chains of related countries, and activate export by discovering alternative markets in terms of the supply chain of the cod industry.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.209-217
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the development and determinants of China-ASEAN trade relations over the period of 2000-2018. Employing both the qualitative and quantitative approaches, the results show that the trade relations between China and the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) have remarkably developed and rapidly grown over times, with a significantly important concentration on the segments of high technological and medium technological products. We also find that China's economic scale is crucially impacting on the China-ASEAN trade relations under both the aggregate and sub-sector level. It is interesting to notice that there is no evidence to support accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) and officially forming of ASEAN-China Free Trade Agreement (ACFTA) to enhance trade relation between both sides. The findings also quantitatively indicate that there is much significant potential for the expansion of mutual trade between China and some members of ASEAN such as Brunei, Laos and Malaysia, while less potential is predicted for other members of ASEAN. It is strongly suggested that China and ASEAN should find a new proactive approach and make more efforts in improving the mutual political trusts to enhance trading activities in the coming years.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.33-48
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a scale to evaluate parenting stress of international marriage immigrant women from Vietnam and the Philippines. Methods: The concept of parenting stress of international marriage immigrant women was analysed with a hybrid model. Data were collected from 273 international marriage immigrant women from Vietnam and the Philippines who were raising their children aged 1 to 6 years. These collected data were subjected to exploratory factor analysis, multitrait/multi-item matrix assessment, Pearson correlation coefficient analysis, and Cronbach's alpha internal consistency measurement. Results: The final instrument consisted of 28 items. The following six factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis: 'insufficiency of parenting support system', 'role burden of mothers', 'maladjustment of children', 'confusion of parenting methods due to cultural differences', 'unskilled Korean communication', and 'ordinary difficulties'. Construct validity (factor analysis, convergent validity, and discriminant validity) and criterion-related validity were confirmed. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ value of total items was .92(95% CI .91-.94). Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ of values for these factors ranged from .76 to .85. Conclusion: The parenting stress scale for international marriage immigrant women is a valid and reliable tool.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.155-161
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• 2011

In this study, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence polymorphism was used to assess genetic diversity of nine Vietnamese local chicken breeds. In addition, two Chinese breeds kept in Vietnam were included in the analysis for comparison. A 455-bp fragment of the mtDNA D-loop region was sequenced in 222 chickens of these 11 breeds. As reference, a skeleton was constructed based on chicken mtDNA sequences taken from the Genbank. Haplotypes of the nine Vietnamese local and two Chinese breeds were aligned together with these sequences. The Vietnamese and Chinese breeds showed a high degree of variability. In total, 37 haplotypes were identified in the chicken breeds studied forming eight clades. Thereby, the majority of individuals of the two Chinese breeds grouped together in one clade which is assumed to have its roots in the Indian subcontinent. Although the Vietnamese chicken breeds were distributed across all eight clades, most of them clustered in three main clades. These results suggest that the Vietnamese domestic chickens have originated from multiple maternal lineages, presumably from Yunnan and adjacent areas in China, South and Southwest China and/or surrounding regions (i.e. Vietnam, Burma, Thailand, and India).

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.23-34
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify factors affecting satisfaction as well as the intention of Gen Z customers to reorder food online in the context of a crisis. Research design, data and methodology: Data for this cross-sectional study were collected via the Internet by conducting an online survey of 652 Gen Z respondents, aged 15-25, in the south of Vietnam and using a convenience sampling method. To analyse the reliability of the scales, SPSS was used to run Cronbach's alpha. Then, SmartPLS was used to assess the measurement model, including variable reliability and validity, convergent validity, and discriminant validity of the proposed model, as well as test the hypotheses with partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Results: Social influence, price value, and convenience all have a positive effect on satisfaction and repurchase intention. Satisfaction not only plays a critical role in mediating the relationship between social influence, price value, convenience and repurchase intention but also has a positive impact on repurchase intention towards buying food online. Conclusions: This study was successful in identifying the factors of repurchase intention in a crisis setting among Gen Z customers by developing a theoretical research model via literature to complete a brief Theory of Planned Behaviour model. This study also took an innovative approach to earlier ones by demonstrating not just the significant effect of social influence on satisfaction and repurchase intention, but also by identifying critical variables that managers should focus on increasing and improving management.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.127-138
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• 2020

This study examines dispute resolution patterns which Vietnamese and Cambodian marriage-immigrant women have utilized in their lives of South Korea. We implement two independent studies using quantitative and qualitative study based on interview method. Our findings show that first, most of marriage immigrant women from Vietnam and Cambodia adopt conflict avoidance method to resolve their disputes. Second, most of respondents tend to consult with people from mother countries in dispute resolution. Third, multi-cultural family support center may play an important role for consulting disputes of cross-border marriage women.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.485-490
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• 2001

Farmers in the centre of Vietnam have a tradition of dosing young cattle with groundnut oil before fattening them on a diet of rice straw and road-side grass. These farmers claim the cattle grow faster. It was hypothesized that the effect of the oil could be to eliminate the protozoa from the rumen. This is known to increase the net microbial growth efficiency in the rumen and increase the protein supply to the animal. To test this hypothesis, two experiments were undertaken; one on-station with four cattle fitted with rumen cannulae and the second a growth trial with 25 young cattle in smallholder farms. When the cannulated animals were drenched with groundnut oil, the protozoa were eliminated from the rumen and animals could be kept free of protozoa by isolation. The ammonia concentration in the rumen fluid was decreased when the protozoa were eliminated and there was an indication of improved rumen dry matter degradability of the forage components of the diet. In the practical condition on the smallholder farms, the growth rates of cattle drenched with groundnut oil were increased considerably (65%) compared with untreated control animals. The laboratory results when taken together with the on-farm results indicate that these resource-poor farmers had been able to defaunate their cattle and to maintain the fauna-free state by isolation of their animals from extraneous stock. This traditional practice in Central Vietnam, whereby one family keeps only one or two animals that are hand fed and tethered, has quite a large potential for all of those countries where animals are fed agro-industrial by-products, as it is highly economic. The use of 1 litre of oil compared with 1 kg of rice polishing per day (300 kg over 300 days), would be highly profitable in all countries of South-East Asia.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.339-339
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• 2017

The long grain rice varieties adaptable to South-east Asia tropical regions were tried to develop in Cambodian Agriculture Research and Development Institute (CARDI), Cambodia. The final goal is to develop rice varieties which can culture in diverse environmental conditions of tropical regions of South-east Asia under climate change. We collected and evaluated for agronomic traits of 131 rice germplasm from Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Philippines and Vietnam in CARDI. We selected core germplasm including leading varieties of target countries and made 813 F1 cross combinations between leading varieties of each country and promising germplasm of high yield potential, resistance to biotic/abiotic stresses, aromatic rice, and so on. Out of 607 F1s evaluated to heading date, plant type, agronomic traits, and grain type, 106 F1s selected and advanced to F2 populations. 106 F2 populations were evaluated to major agronomic traits, grain type and yield-component traits, and selected 2,560 plants in 62 F2 populations. During six seasons in 2014~2016, the lines of F3 subsequent-generation were cultured a total of 6,256 lines. In yield trial for promising lines in F5 generation, the growth duration from sowing to harvesting was 97~114 days. These lines were 88~129 in number of grain per panicle, an average of 84.6% in the range of 79.3~91.9% in the percentage of ripened grain and 17.5~22.8g in 1000-brown rice weight. The rough rice yields were in the range of 4.33~6.06 ton/ha with an average of 5.23 ton/ha. The yield was increased to 5~47% than Chulsa and 12~41% than IR66. Five lines, KR54-28-1, KR55-14-2, KR57-5-2, KR67-57-2 and KR128-19-1 were 5.33~6.06 ton/ha in rough rice yield. These high yield potential lines would be evaluated to adaptability in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam during 2017.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.155-155
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• 2017

The long grain rice varieties adaptable to South-east Asia tropical regions were tried to develop in Cambodian Agriculture Research and Development Institute (CARDI), Cambodia. The final goal is to develop rice varieties which can culture in diverse environmental conditions of tropical regions of South-east Asia under climate change. We collected and evaluated for agronomic traits of 131 rice germplasm from Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Philippines and Vietnam in CARDI. We selected core germplasm including leading varieties of target countries and made 813 F1 cross combinations between leading varieties of each country and promising germplasm of high yield potential, resistance to biotic/abiotic stresses, aromatic rice, and so on. Out of 607 F1s evaluated to heading date, plant type, agronomic traits, and grain type, 106 F1s selected and advanced to F2 populations. 106 F2 populations were evaluated to major agronomic traits, grain type and yield-component traits, and selected 2,560 plants in 62 F2 populations. During six seasons in 2014~2016, the lines of F3 subsequent-generation were cultured a total of 6,256 lines. In yield trial for promising lines in F5 generation, the growth duration from sowing to harvesting was 97~114 days. These lines were 88~129 in number of grain per panicle, an average of 84.6% in the range of 79.3~91.9% in the percentage of ripened grain and 17.5~22.8g in 1000-brown rice weight. The rough rice yields were in the range of 4.33~6.06 ton/ha with an average of 5.23 ton/ha. The yield was increased to 5~47% than Chulsa and 12~41% than IR66. Five lines, KR54-28-1, KR55-14-2, KR57-5-2, KR67-57-2 and KR128-19-1 were 5.33~6.06 ton/ha in rough rice yield. These high yield potential lines would be evaluated to adaptability in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam during 2017.