• 정보과학회 논문지
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• 제42권7호
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• pp.860-867
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• 2015

국방 분야에서 무기체계가 첨단화 되면서 무기체계 내장형 소프트웨어의 중요성이 증대되고 있으며, 현대의 전장상황이 네트워크 중심전(NCW)으로 전개됨에 따라 무기체계 내장형 소프트웨어의 신뢰성 및 품질 확보가 중요시 되고 있다. 또한 내장형 소프트웨어의 문제점이 개발단계에서 양산단계로 이관되어 막대한 손실이 발생되고 있으며, 개발업체에서는 소프트웨어 신뢰성 시험에 대한 체계적인 활동이 이루어지지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 소스코드 신뢰성 검증사례 분석을 바탕으로 소프트웨어 소스코드 품질검증체계 확립에 대한 접근방안을 제시한다. 방위사업청의 "무기체계 소프트웨어 개발 및 관리 매뉴얼"의 동적분석 평가항목 및 코드실행률 목표값 기준을 제시하고, 개발업체의 소프트웨어 개발능력 향상을 유도하기 위한 방안을 제안한다.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2017

딥러닝 프레임워크의 대표적인 기능으로는 '자동미분'과 'GPU의 활용' 등을 들 수 있다. 본 논문은 파이썬의 라이브러리 형태로 사용 가능한 프레임워크 중에서 구글의 텐서플로와 마이크로소프트의 CNTK, 그리고 텐서플로의 원조라고 할 수 있는 티아노를 비교하였다. 본문에서는 자동미분의 개념과 GPU의 활용형태를 간단히 설명하고, 그 다음에 logistic regression을 실행하는 예를 통하여 각 프레임워크의 문법을 알아본 뒤에, 마지막으로 대표적인 딥러닝 응용인 CNN의 예제를 실행시켜보고 코딩의 편의성과 실행속도 등을 확인해 보았다. 그 결과, 편의성의 관점에서 보면 티아노가 가장 코딩 하기가 어렵고, CNTK와 텐서플로는 많은 부분이 비슷하게 추상화 되어 있어서 코딩이 비슷하지만 가중치와 편향을 직접 정의하느냐의 여부에서 차이를 보였다. 그리고 각 프레임워크의 실행속도에 대한 평가는 '큰 차이는 없다'는 것이다. 텐서플로는 티아노에 비하여 속도가 느리다는 평가가 있어왔는데, 본 연구의 실험에 의하면, 비록 CNN 모형에 국한되었지만, 텐서플로가 아주 조금이지만 빠른 것으로 나타났다. CNTK의 경우에도, 비록 실험환경이 달랐지만, 실험환경의 차이에 의한 속도의 차이의 편차범위 이내에 있는 것으로 판단이 되었다. 본 연구에서는 세 종류의 딥러닝 프레임워크만을 살펴보았는데, 위키피디아에 따르면 딥러닝 프레임워크의 종류는 12가지가 있으며, 각 프레임워크의 특징을 15가지 속성으로 구분하여 차이를 특정하고 있다. 그 많은 속성 중에서 사용자의 입장에서 볼 때 중요한 속성은 어떤 언어(파이썬, C++, Java, 등)로 사용가능한지, 어떤 딥러닝 모형에 대한 라이브러리가 잘 구현되어 있는지 등일 것이다. 그리고 사용자가 대규모의 딥러닝 모형을 구축한다면, 다중 GPU 혹은 다중 서버를 지원하는지의 여부도 중요할 것이다. 또한 딥러닝 모형을 처음 학습하는 경우에는 사용설명서가 많은지 예제 프로그램이 많은지 여부도 중요한 기준이 될 것이다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.163-169
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• 2024

India is a developing nation and has come with comprehensive way in modernizing its reducing poverty, economy and rising living standards for an outsized fragment of its residents. The STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education plays an important role in it. STEM is an educational curriculum that emphasis on the subjects of "science, technology, engineering, and mathematics". In traditional education scenario, these subjects are taught independently, but according to the educational philosophy of STEM that teaches these subjects together in project-based lessons. STEM helps the students in his holistic development. Youth unemployment is the biggest concern due to lack of adequate skills. There is a huge skill gap behind jobless engineers and the question arises how we can prepare engineers for a better tomorrow? Now a day's Industry 4.0 is a new fourth industrial revolution which is an intelligent networking of machines and processes for industry through ICT. It is based upon the usage of cyber-physical systems and Internet of Things (IoT). Industrial revolution does not influence only production but also educational system as well. IoT in academics is a new revolution to the Internet technology, which introduced "Smartness" in the entire IT infrastructure. To improve socio-economic status of the India students must equipped with 21st century digital skills and Universities, colleges must provide individual learning kits to their students which can help them in enhancing their productivity and learning outcomes. The major goal of this paper is to present a low cost, effective learning mechanism for STEM implementation using Raspberry Pi 3+ model (Single board computer) and Node Red open source visual programming tool which is developed by IBM for wiring hardware devices together. These tools are broadly used to provide hands on experience on IoT fundamentals during teaching and learning. This paper elaborates the appropriateness and the practicality of these concepts via an example by implementing a user interface (UI) and Dashboard in Node-RED where dashboard palette is used for demonstration with switch, slider, gauge and Raspberry pi palette is used to connect with GPIO pins present on Raspberry pi board. An LED light is connected with a GPIO pin as an output pin. In this experiment, it is shown that the Node-Red dashboard is accessing on Raspberry pi and via Smartphone as well. In the final step results are shown in an elaborate manner. Conversely, inadequate Programming skills in students are the biggest challenge because without good programming skills there would be no pioneers in engineering, robotics and other areas. Coding plays an important role to increase the level of knowledge on a wide scale and to encourage the interest of students in coding. Today Python language which is Open source and most demanding languages in the industry in order to know data science and algorithms, understanding computer science would not be possible without science, technology, engineering and math. In this paper a small experiment is also done with an LED light via writing source code in python. These tiny experiments are really helpful to encourage the students and give play way to learn these advance technologies. The cost estimation is presented in tabular form for per learning kit provided to the students for Hands on experiments. Some Popular In addition, some Open source tools for experimenting with IoT Technology are described. Students can enrich their knowledge by doing lots of experiments with these freely available software's and this low cost hardware in labs or learning kits provided to them.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제31B권11호
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• pp.78-87
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• 1994

본 논문에서는 확률분포함수의 구조적인 차이를 이용하여, DCT계수를 효율적으로 부호화하는 새로운 접근에 대하여 논의하였다. 신호원 모델에 따라 신호를 분리함으로써 신호의 엔트로피를 감소시킬 수 있음을 해석적으로 증명하였으며, (줄길이, 레벨) 심볼들을 그 심복의 인덱스에 따라 적응적으로 부호화함으로써 평균부호길이가 감소함을 실험을 통하여 보였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.748-766
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• 2013

In this paper, we consider an infrastructure-vehicle-vehicle (I2V2V) based Vehicle Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs), where one base station multicasts data to d vehicular users with the assistance of r vehicular users. A Distributed Luby Transform (DLT) codes based transmission scheme is proposed over lossy VANETs to reduce transmission latency. Furthermore, focusing on the degree distribution of DLT codes, a Modified Deconvolved Soliton Distribution (MDSD) is designed to further reduce the transmission latency and improve the transmission reliability. We investigate the network behavior of the transmission scheme with MDSD, called MDLT based scheme. Closed-form expressions of the transmission latency of the proposed schemes are derived. Performance simulation results show that DLT based scheme can reduce transmission latency significantly compared with traditional Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) and Luby Transform (LT) codes based schemes. In contrast to DLT based scheme, the MDLT based scheme can further reduce transmission latency and improve FER performance substantially, when both the source-to-relay and relay-to-sink channels are erasure channels.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.451-455
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• 1996

Physiological studies on the expression of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis (Btt) gene coding for insecticidal protein in recombinant Escherichia coli 537 were carried out to identify optimal culture condition. It was necessary to shift culture temperature from 30 to $42^{\circ}C$ to express the gene. Expression of the Btt toxin gene by recombinant E. coli 537 began within one hour after induction. Complex nitrogen sources increased production of the insecticidal protein. The total insecticidal protein was 0.5 g/I when using yeast extract as a complex nitrogen source. Soybean hydrolysate showed apparently the highest induction efficiency. After induction, the cellular content of the insecticidal protein was 5.4 times higher than it had been before induction. The optimal cultivation strategy was found to grow cells for 7hours at $30^{\circ}C$ and then 5-8 hours at $42^{\circ}C$. The optimal cultivation pH for the production of insecticidal protein was 6.5. The Btt toxin produced by the recombinant E. coli 537 was found to have the same level of potency against Colorado potato beetle as the original toxin.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제8권12호
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• pp.1649-1657
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• 2005

In this paper, a fast implementation of JPEG is discussed and its application to multimedia service is presented for mobile wireless internet. A fast JPEG player is developed based on several fast algorithms for mobile handset. In the color transformation, RCT is adopted instead of ICT for JPEG source. For the most time-consuming DCT part, the binDCT can reduce the decoding time. In upsampling and RGB conversion, the transformation from YCbCr to RGB 16 bit is made at one time. In some parts, assembly language is applied for high-speed. Also, an implementation of multimedia in mobile handset is described using MJPEG (Motion JPEG) and QCELP(Qualcomm Code Excited Linear Prediction Coding). MJPEG and QCELP are used for video and sound, which are synchronized in handset. For the play of MJPEG, the decoder is implemented as a S/W upon the MSM 5500 baseband chip using the fast JPEG decoder. For the play of QCELP, the embedded QCELP player in handset is used. The implemented multimedia player has a fast speed preserving the image quality.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.53-68
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• 2013

We investigate the rate-compatible punctured convolutional (RCPC) codes concatenated with hierarchical QAM for designing a cross-layer unequal error protection scheme for H.264 coded sequences. We first divide the H.264 encoded video slices into three priority classes based on their relative importance. We investigate the system constraints and propose an optimization formulation to compute the optimal parameters of the proposed system for the given source significance information. An upper bound to the significance-weighted bit error rate in the proposed system is derived as a function of system parameters, including the code rate and geometry of the constellation. An example is given with design rules for H.264 video communications and 3.5-4 dB PSNR improvement over existing RCPC based techniques for AWGN wireless channels is shown through simulations.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제16권2호통권95호
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• pp.39-49
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• 1999

This paper describes the development of a vision-aided position and orientation recognition system for automatically adjusting electronic tuners which control the waveform by rotating variable resisters. The position and orientation recognition system estimates the center and the angle of the tuner grooves so that the main controller may correct the difference from the ideal position and thereby manipulate the variable resisters automatically. In this paper a robust algorithm is suggested which estimates the center and the angle of the tuner grooves fast and precisly from the source image with lighting variance and video noise. In the algorithm morphological filtering, 8-chain coding, and invariant moments are sequentially used to figure out image segments concerned. The performance of the proposed system was evaluated using a set of real specimens. The results indicate the system works well enough to be used practically in real manufacturing lines. If the system adopts a high speed frame grabber which enables real time image processing, it can also be applied to positioning of robot manipulators as well as automated PCB adjusters.

• 한국위성정보통신학회논문지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.59-63
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• 2007

본 논문에서는, 스케일러블 비디오 압축 기술을 이용한 Ka대역 HD 위성방송 시스템을 소개하고자 한다. 이미 알려진 바와 같이, Ka대역은 강우감쇠에 취약한 특성으로 인해 HD 위성방송 서비스를 제공함에 있어서 일정 수준 이상의 가용도가 보장되기 어렵다. 그러한 문제점을 극복하기 위한 방안으로서, 본 논문에서는 H.264 SVC 비디오 기술을 기반으로 한 계층형 방송 시스템의 개념과 그에 따른 몇 가지 형태의 시스템 시나리오를 제시하고, 각각에 대한 비교 분석을 통해 최적의 모델을 제시하고자 한다. 각 시나리오에는 DVB-S, DVB-S2 전송 규격이 포함되며, 변조 방식으로는 QPSK와 8PSK등이 고려되었다. 모든 경우에 대하여, 2 계층 공간 스케일러블 비디오 압축 방식이 적용되었다.