• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.1117-1126
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• 2013

The standard impact sources, standardized to rate the sound insulation performance of floor structure, should simulate well the real floor impact sources, which is very important to grade the floor structure then to establish counter plan to improve the performance of floor. Recently the tire, the standard heavyweight impact source, has been discussed that the impact force is too big to represent the real impact force. And researches have been carried on the applicability as a substitute or a supplementary. In addition, tapping machine, the standard lightweight impact source, is also questionable if it is representative of real lightweight impact source. This study aims to examine the similarity of standard impact sources with living impact sources, comparing the physical characteristics such as impact force, frequency contents and sound level. The result showed that the physical characteristics of standard impact sounds were somewhat different with that of living impact sounds, and the standard sources couldn't be verified from this result. Later subjective evaluation should be followed to compare how the physical differences make relationship with the subjective differences.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.200-204
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• 2005

The use of beamforming method and de-Dopplerization technique was applied in studying the rotating sound sources. Acoustic analysis of a moving sound source required that the measured sound signals be do-Dopplerized and restored as of the original emission signals. Two main issues of the signal reconstruction in time domain are addressed herein: First, to remove Doppler effect from the measured data and to restore the original emission data of the moving source. The difference of the time domain beamforming from the frequency domain beamforming was mentioned. Also, the time domain beamforming method is deployed in the test and the comparisons were made to the frequency domain results. The time domain signal reconstruction was numerically simulated prior to the application. To validate the de-Dopplerization Performance, the rotating Point sources were examined and localized by the use of a phased array of microphone. The application of prop-rotor was conducted in a hovering condition. The results of reconstructing time signals of rotating sources and its locations were shown in the power distribution maps. In the prop-rotor measurements, the acoustic source locations were successfully verified in varying positions for different frequencies of interest.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.985-993
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• 2012

In this paper, a new method is proposed to estimate the sound pressure generated from gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine. There are many noise sources as much as components in GDI engine. Among these components, fuel pump, fuel injector, fuel rail, pressure pump and intake/exhaust manifolds are major components generated from top of the engine. In order to estimate the contribution of these components to engine noise, the total sound pressure at the front of the engine is estimated by using airborne source quantification (ASQ) method. Airborne source quantification method requires the acoustic source volume velocity of each component. The volume velocity has been calculated by using the inverse method. The inverse method requires many tests and has ill-condition problem. This paper suggested a method to obtain volume velocity directly based on the direct measurement of sound intensity and particle velocity. The method is validated by using two known monopole sources installed at the anechoic chamber. Finally the proposed method is applied to the identification and contribution of noise sources caused by the GDI components of the test engine.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2020

음향 시스템의 지향성 제어기술은 음향의 품질 향상을 위한 핵심 기술이다. 음향 시스템에서 점 음원이 아닌 선음원을 제공하면 원거리에서 감쇠 간섭의 영향을 줄일 수 있기 때문에, 고품질의 음향을 제공할 수 있다. 특히, 라인 어레이(line-array) 스피커 시스템을 이용하면 원거리까지 균일한 고품질의 음향을 제공할 수 있다. 그러나, 고음은 파장이 짧기 때문에 라인 어레이 시스템의 스피커간의 거리가 짧아야 하지만 물리적인 한계가 있다. 본 논문에서 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 웨이브 가이드를 설계하고 스피커 유닛에 장착하였다. 개발된 스피커의 성능 확인을 위해 다양한 음향특성을 측정하고 테스트 하였다. 그 결과 개발된 스피커를 이용하여 라인 어레이 음향 시스템을 구성하면 고음 영역을 포함한 모든 영역에서 선 음원을 제공할 수 있기 때문에 단일 확장 음원과 같은 효과를 얻을 수 있고, 원거리까지 고품질의 음향을 제공할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.503-508
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• 2001

In this paper, time-fiequency analysis and multi-dimensional spectral analysis methods are applied for source identification and diagnosis of non-stationary sound/vibration signals. Sound or vibration problems of general vehicle and agricultural machinary are under 500 Hz. So We used linearly increased chirp signals under 500 Hz. By checking the coherences on concerned time, fur time-variant non-stationary signals, this simulation it very well coincident to expected results.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.34-40
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• 2013

The 1st assessment(performance test) was applied to assure the floor impact sound performance for developing the dry double-floor with the change of rubber hardness of the upper panel's support and the ceiling structure of the sub-floor. Depends on the change of the rubber hardness in sub-structure, the heavy-weight sound impact value is improved up to 3 dB, and the light-weight sound impact value is moved up to 21 dB, comparing with the bare-slab. Also, the improved value for the floor impact sound conjugating with the sub-floor's ceiling was 5 dB. Based on this result, the 2nd assessment(performance test) was made the state that the rubber hardness of the sub-floor support was ranged between 50 and 70 for considering the stability of walking patients. In addition to this process, the assessment was carried out with a variety of ceiling structure applied to the dry double-floor structure with the air flow system on the sub-floor's ceiling. The result for the 2nd assessment proved that TYPEII-3 had the better sound reduction performance in the heavy-weight impact sound test than other types, and also for the light-weight impact sound TYPEII-3 had the 29 dB sound reduction performance overall. Henceforth, based on the result the research for the sound reduction performance from the floor impact sound shall be ongoing process as well as the development of a double-dry floor and a sound reduction ceiling to suitable on the field.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.307-314
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• 2011

This study was focused on the influence of soundscape provided to the interior landscape on the improvement of occupants' sound environment. When soundscape was provided to occupants together with the interior landscape rather than simply providing interior landscape, the occupants' satisfaction seemed to be improved. The most preferred sound source among the three sound sources was considered as the sound of the grasshopper. When both of the interior landscape and the landscape substances was provided, the adjectives with the average difference of more than 1 are "Vicissitudinous", "Elegant" and "Cheerful". When the interior landscape and the sound source were provided, such adjectives as "Vicissitudinous", "Complex" and "Cheerful" are extracted. When all the variables were provided, such adjectives as "Vicissitudinous", "Abundant" and "Cheerful" seem to show the difference of more than 1. Regarding "Vicissitudinous", it was possible to know that the average difference of more than 1.5 was the biggest. Regarding the relative values of the ${\alpha}$ wave and the ${\beta}$ wave for each part, it seemed that the highest ${\alpha}$ wave was generated on the left parietal lobe of P3, while the lowest ${\beta}$ wave was generated on the left and right frontal lobes of Fp1 and Fp2. According to this study, it was shown that the soundscape and the interior landscape seemed to influence the improvement of the occupants' sound environment.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.76-82
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• 1997

본 논문은 음원의 절대위치를 정확하게 추정할 수 있는 음향홀로그래픽법에 관하여 계산기상의 시뮬레이션 및 측정시스템을 이용한 실험과결과에 대하여 서술한다. 이 연구에서는 원거리 음장을 만족하도록 측정면을 설정하여 7개의 마이크로폰을 직선으로 배열한다. 음원의 측정은 음원면에 근접한 위치에 한 개의 기준 마이크로폰을 설치하고 측정면의 마이크로폰들을 등간격으로 스캐닝하면서 각지점의 음을 동시 기록한다. 수음한 기준음과 측정음간의 크로스 스펙트럼 알고리즘에 의하여 음원의 절대위치를 측정한다. 그리고 각 마이크로폰의 위상차는 기준 마이크로폰을 대상으로 위상보상 하였으며, 측정시의 시간지연은 제 1열 측정시점을 기준으로 시간보상을 행하였다. 측정면에 설정한 마이크로폰들의 최적 간격은 수치 시뮬레이션에 의하여 정한다. 음원신호는 정현파를 이용하고 S/N비를 30dB의 조건하에서 각각 실험을 행하였다. 시뮬레이션과 실험에서 결정한 최적 마이크로폰 간격은 2KHz인 정현파 음원을 기준으로 하여 공간상의 나이키스트 조건을 만족하도록 설정하였다. 무향실에서 측정한 실험결고, 500Hz 와 1KHz의 신호원에 대한 음원이 2KHz인 경우의 추정된 3차원 홀로그램의 주극폭이 각각 87%와 30%씩 감소하였고, 그 결과 수치 시뮬레이션의 타당성을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러므로 본 연구에서 제안하는 3차원 음향 홀로그래픽법을 이용한 음원위치 추정에 관한 연구의 유용성을 검증하였다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.325-335
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• 2012

It is well known that sound waves in the sea propagates under the influence of sea surface and bottom roughness, the sound speed profile, the water depth, and the density of sea floor sediment. In particular, an abrupt change of sound speed with depth can greatly affect sound propagation through an eddy. Eddies are frequently generated in the East Sea near the Korean Peninsula. A warm eddy with diameter of about 150 km is often observed, and the sound speed profile is greatly changed within about 400 m of water depth at the center by the eddy around the Ulleung Basin in the East Sea. The characteristics of low-frequency sound propagation across a warm eddy are investigated by a sound propagation model in order to understand the influence of warm eddies. The acoustic rays and propagation losses are calculated by a range-dependent acoustic model in conditions where the eddy is both present and absent. We found that low-frequency sound propagation is affected by the warm eddy, and that the phenomena dominate the upper ocean within 800 m of water depth. The propagation losses of a 100 Hz frequency are variable within ${\pm}15$ dB with depth and range by the warm eddy. Such variations are more pronounced at the deep source near the sound channel axis than the shallow source. Furthermore, low-frequency sound propagation from the eddy center to the eddy edge is more affected by the warm eddy than sound propagation from the eddy edge to the eddy center.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2018

본 논문에서는 현실감을 높이기 위한 청각적 기술로 기하학적 방법을 사용하는 광선 추적(ray-tracing) 기반의 3D Sound rendering기술인 Sound-tracing을 사용한다. Sound-tracing은 사운드 전파(sound propagation)단계에서 많은 비용이 든다. 사운드 전파 비용을 감소시키기 위해 제안하는 알고리즘은 이전 프레임들의 평균 유효 frame 수를 계산하고 그 수치를 기반으로 공간에 따른 depth를 조절하는 방법이다. 실험 결과 depth를 조절하지 않은 결과와 비교하면 음원이 실내에 있었을 때 path 손실률은 0.72%이고 탐색 및 충돌검사 단계(traversal & Intersection test)가 85.13%의 계산량 감소를 보이고 전체 frame rate는 4.48% 증가하였다. 음원이 실외에 있었을 때 path 손실률은 0%이고 탐색 및 충돌검사 단계가 25.01%의 계산량 감소를 보이고 전체 frame rate가 7.85% 증가하였다. 이는 path 손실률을 최소화하면서 렌더링 성능을 올릴 수 있었다.