• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.103-108
• /
• 2015

Recent global warming has been recognized as the world economy development from fossil fuel use is the culprit. This study was reduce the fossil fuel has been developed in a number of alternative energy, As a fuel that can be produced in our country is a biofuel. Biofuels is a sustainable fuel having economically benefits and decreasing environmental pollution problems caused due to fossil fuel. A lot of research is progressing about the conversion of diesel biofuel as renewable clean energy. In this experiment were remodel the institution that has been used in fishing engine again produced an experimental apparatus were installed directly, were studied using various bio fuel like to help the economically and environmentally sound operation of the vessel. rapeseed oil, soybean oil, comprehensively analyzing the results the effects of the exhaust emission characteristics of the waste rapeseed oil is available in a marine engine with similar physical and chemical components of the fuel, and the fuel consumption ratio, NOx is slightly increased, but soot was confirmed a tendency to decrease much.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
• /
• v.40 no.9
• /
• pp.569-576
• /
• 2016

The objective of this study was to investigate, using a numerical method, the fuel injection targeting for improving the combustion performance in a HSDI diesel engine. In this work, the ECFM-3Z model was applied as the combustion model, and the injection mass, inclined spray angle, and injection timing were varied for the study on the targeting of fuel spray. The results of this work were compared in terms of cylinder pressure, rate of heat release, and exhaust emissions characteristics. It was found that the cylinder pressure increased when the injection timing was advanced, and the rate of heat release increased when more fuel was injected into the piston bowl. In addition, $NO_x$ emission increased owing to the increase in the rate of heat release. On the other hand, CO and soot emissions decreased because of the improvement in combustion performance.

• Journal of Powder Materials
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.112-121
• /
• 2011

This study investigated the effect of solvent on the fabrication of Ni-free Fe-based alloy nano powders by employing the PWE (pulsed wire evaporation) in liquid and compared the alloy particles fabricated by three different methods (PWE in liquid, PWE in Ar, plasma arc discharge), for high temperature oxidation-resistant metallic porous body for high temperature soot filter system. Three different solvents (ethanol, acetone, distilled water) of liquid were adapted in PWE in liquid process, while X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning microscope (FE-SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to investigate the characteristics of the Fe-Cr-Al nano powders. The alloy powder synthesized by PWE in ethanol has good particle size and no surface oxidation compared to that of distilled water. Since the Fe-based alloy powders, which were fabricated by PWE in Ar and PAD process, showed surface oxidation by TEM analysis, the PWE in ethanol is the best way to fabricate Fe-based alloy nano powder.

• Journal of Powder Materials
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.105-111
• /
• 2011

This study investigated the effect of wire diameter and applied voltage on the fabrication of Ni-free Fe-based alloy nano powders by employing the PWE (pulsed wire evaporation) in liquid, for high temperature oxidation-resistant metallic porous body for high temperature particulate matter (or soot) filter system. Three different diameter (0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mm) of alloy wire and various applied voltages from 0.5 to 3.0 kV were main variables in PWE process, while X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning microscope (FE-SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to investigate the characteristics of the Fe-Cr-Al nano powders. It was controlled the number of explosion events, since evaporated and condensed nano-particles were coalesced to micron-sized secondary particles, when exceeded to the specific number of explosion events, which were not suitable for metallic porous body preparation. As the diameter of alloy wire increased, the voltage for electrical explosion increased and the size of primary particle decreased.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.138-145
• /
• 2011

Diesel particulate filter (DPF) systems are being used to reduce the particulate matter emission of diesel vehicles. The DPF should be regenerated after certain driving hours or distance to eliminate soot in the filter. The most widely used method is active regeneration with oxygen at $550{\sim}650^{\circ}C$. Syngas (synthetic gas) can be used to lower the regeneration temperature of Catalyzed DPF (CDPF). The syngas is formed by fuel reforming process of CPOx (Catalytic Partial Oxidation) at specific engine condition (1500rpm, 2bar) using 1wt.% $Rh/CeO_2-ZrO_2$ catalyst. The oxidation characteristics of PM with syngas supplied to filter were studied using partial flow system that can control temperature and flow rate independently. The filter is coated with washcoat loading of $25g/ft^3$ $Pt/Al_2O_3-CeO_2$, and multi-channel CDPF (MC-CDPF) was used. The filter regeneration experiments were performed to investigate the effect of syngas exothermic reaction on soot oxidation in the filter. For this purpose, before oxidation experiment, PM was collected about 8g/L to the filter at engine condition of 1500rpm, bmep 8bar and flow temperature of $200^{\circ}C$ Various conditions of temperature and concentration of syngas were used for the tests. Regeneration of filter started at 2% $H_2$ and CO concentration respectively and inlet temperature of $260^{\circ}C$. Filter Regeneration occurs more actively as the syngas concentration becomes higher.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.19 no.3 s.59
• /
• pp.58-63
• /
• 2005

Experimental measurements of flames and the product properties were performed for small kerosene pool fires. which is widely used as a fire source of laboratory scale experiments with scaling modeling. The flame length and flickering frequency were investigated for the flame structures, and compared with the theory. Three measurement methods were introduced to clarify the smoke characteristics, i.e. various gas concentrations, smoke density and thermophoretic sampling with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The yield of carbon dioxide and the consumption of oxygen were proportional to the heat release rate of pool fires, but there is no trend on carbon monoxide emission. Smoke density of turbulent flames was exponentially increased with the heat release rate. The morphology of the soot particle was investigated to address the degree of soot maturing. The results show that the similar smoke morphology between an inverse jet flame and a pool fire exists despite of different combustion controlling mechanisms.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.20-25
• /
• 2017

In the present study, the temperature distribution of droplet diffusion flames was predicted from the measurements of radiative emissions of soot particles formed. In order to predict the temperature distributions, the radiative emissions from soot particles filtered at both 700 nm and 900 nm were measured using CCD cameras and local emission distributions within the flame deconvoluted with Abel transformation were plugged into a two color method. The experimental results obtained from the present study demonstrate that the two color method as tool for temperature measurements is feasible but can introduce approximately 2% maturement errors in a deconvolution process depending on intervals for the line of sight. The estimated error in temperature measurements was found to be within 18 K at 2000 K.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.130-136
• /
• 2011

This study describes the effect of EGR rate on the combustion and emissions characteristics of a four cylinder CRDI diesel engine using biodiesel (soybean oil) blended diesel fuel. The test fuel is composed of 30% biodiesel and 70% ULSD (ultra low sulfur diesel) by volumetric ratio. The experiment of engine emissions and performance characteristics were performed under the various EGR rates. The experimental results showed that ignition delay was extended, the maximum combustion pressure and heat release gradually were decreased with increasing EGR rate. Comparing biodiesel blended fuel to ULSD, the injection quantity of biodiesel blended fuel was further increased than ULSD. The emission results showed that $NO_x$ emission of biodiesel blended fuel becomes higher according to the increase of EGR rate. However, in the case of biodiesel blended fuel, HC, CO and soot emissions were decreased compared to ULSD.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.26-31
• /
• 2006

An experimental investigation of an early injection strategy was conducted on a small single cylinder common-rail DI diesel engine to reduce the oxides of nitrogen($NO_x$) emission. The main objectives of this study were to investigate the emissions, performance and combustion characteristics in a diesel engine with early and two-stage injections. The two- stage injection was conducted to reduce the wall-wetting of early injected fuels on the cylinder wall or to promote the ignition of premixed charge. The engine test was performed at conditions of 1500rpm, injection timing ranging from TDC to BTDC $80^{\circ}$. The experimental results show that $NO_x$ emissions were decreased in both cases of early injection and two stage injection compared to the conventional diesel combustion by the near TDC injection. However, soot and products of incomplete products (i.e. HC and CO) are slightly increased. Also, the second injection near TDC promoted the ignition of premixed fuel, therefore, IMEP was increased.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.20 no.5
• /
• pp.102-112
• /
• 2012

The vast stores of biomass available in the worldwide have the potential to displace significant amounts of fuels that are currently derived from petroleum sources. Fast pyrolysis of biomass is one of possible paths by which we can convert biomass to higher value products. The wood pyrolysis oil (WPO), also known as the bio crude oil (BCO), have been regarded as an alternative fuel for petroleum fuels to be used in diesel engine. However, the use of BCO in a diesel engine requires modifications due to low energy density, high water contents, low acidity, and high viscosity of the BCO. One of the easiest way to adopt BCO to diesel engine without modifications is emulsification of BCO with diesel and bio diesel. In this study, a diesel engine operated with diesel, bio diesel (BD), BCO/diesel, BCO/bio diesel emulsions was experimentally investigated. Performance and gaseous & particle emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled by BCO emulsions were examined. Results showed that stable engine operation was possible with emulsions and engine output power was comparable to diesel and bio diesel operation. However, in case of BCO/diesel emulsion operation, THC & CO emissions were increased due to the increased ignition delay and poor spray atomization and NOx & Soot were decreased due to the water and oxygen in the fuel. Long term validation of adopting BCO in diesel engine is still needed because the oil is acid, with consequent problems of corrosion and clogging especially in the injection system.