• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2009

The changes on the regional distributions and frequencies of somatostatin-immunoreactive (IR) cells in the fundus and pylorus of the stomach of osteoporotic Sprague-Dawley rats induced by ovariectomy were studied by immunohistochemical methods. The experimental animals were divided into two groups, one for non-ovariectomized group (Sham) and the other for ovariectomized group (OVX). Samples were collected from the fundus and pylorus regions at the 10 th week after ovariectomy or sham-operation. Somatostatin-IR cells were observed in both regions of the stomach regardless of ovariectomy. Most of these IR cells in the mucosa of the fundus or pylorus were generally spherical or spindle in shape (open type cell) while cells found in the gastric gland regions were round in shape (close type cell). Significantly lower number (P<0.01) of somatostatin-IR cells were detected in OVX as compared with Sham in the fundus and pylorus. In the present study, the density of somatostatin in the stomach was markedly decreased. Therefore, these changes in density of somatostatin-IR cells detected in this study may support the speculation that the development of gastrointestinal symptoms in osteoporosis such as impairments of calcium and some lipids, frequently encountered in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis because the changes in gastrointestinal endocrine density would reflect the change in the capacity of producing these hormones and regulating gut motility and digestion.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.333-339
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• 1992

The regional distribution and relative frequency of occurrence of endocrine cells in nine segments of the gastrointestinal(GI) tract of snakehead(Ophicephalus argus) were investigated by immunohistochemical methods using specific antisera against 5- hydroxyptrytamine(5-HT), somatostatin, gastrin/cholecystokinin(GAS/CCK), glucagon, bovine chromogranin, porcine chromogranin and insulin. Four types of immunoreactive cells for 5-HT, somatostatin, GAS/CCK and glucagon were observed in the GI tract. These cells were generally appeared in the mucosal epithelia or located at the interface of the mucosal epithelial layer and intestinal glandular region. 5-HT-immunoreactive(IR) cells were found in segment II, III, IV, V and VI, and the most numerous in segment IV. Somatostatin-IR cells were found in segment II, III, IV and V, and the most numerous in segment III. GAS/CCK-IR cells in segment VI, VII and glucagon-IR cells in segment III, IV, V were detected but a few in these segments. No bovine chromogranin-, porcine chromogranin- and insulin-IR cells were detected throughout the GI tract of the snakehead.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.339-347
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• 2003

The regional distribution and relative frequency of some endocrine cells in the pancreas of the Korean aucha perch, Coreoperca herzi Herzenstein belonging to the family Serranidae in order Perciformis, were observed using specific mammalian antisera against serotonin, insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and human pancreatic polypeptide (hPP) by peroxidase antiperoxidase (PAP) method. The pancreas was divided into four portions (principal and secondary islets, exocrine and pancreatic duct regions). In addition, the pancreatic islet regions were further subdivided into three regions (central, mantle and peripheral regions). Spherical to spindle or occasionally round to oval immunoreactive (IR) cells were demonstrated in the pancreatic islets and exoccrine portions, but no cells were detected in the pancreatic duct portions. In the principal islets, serotonin-IR cells were not detected but most of insulin-IR cells were located in the central regions and they were also demonstrated in the mantle and peripheral regions in moderate and rare frequencies, respectively. Glucagon- and hPP-IR cells were mainly situated in the mantle regions but the cells were also demonstrated in the peripheral regions in relatively lower frequency. Somatostatin-IR cells were evenly distributed in the central and mantle regions in a few frequency and cells were also demonstrated in the peripheral regions in rare frequency. Cell clusters were consisted of hPP-IR cells that were situated in the peripheral to mantle regions. In the secondary islet portions, serotonin-IR cells were randomly distributed throughout the whole pancreatic islet regions but lower frequency was detected in the peripheral regions compared to that in central and mantle regions where cells were detected in a few frequency, respectively. Insulin-IR cells were restricted to the central regions in numerous frequency and glucagon-IR cells were evenly distributed in the mantle and peripheral regions in moderate frequencies, respectively. Somatostatin-IR cells were observed in the central and mantle regions in moderate and a few frequencies, respectively. In addition, hPP-IR cells showed similar distributional patterns to those of glucagon-IR cells except cells were also located in the central regions in rare frequency. In the exocrine portions, only glucagon- and hPP-IR cells were demonstrated in rare and a few frequencies, respectively. In conclusion, the regional distribution and relative frequency of pancreatic endocrine cells of the Korean aucha perch showed general patterns, which were observed in other teleost. However, some species-dependent different distributional patterns and/or relative frequencies were also demonstrated especially to serotonin-IR cells. In pancreas of the Korean aucha perch, insulin-IR cells were the most predominant cell type followed by glucagon-, somatostatin-, hPP- and serotonin-IR cells.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2000

The regional distribution and relative frequencies of endocrine cells were studied immunohistochemically (PAP methods) in the alimentary tract and pancreas of the toad, Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor using specific antisera against bovine Sp-1/chromogranin (BCG), serotonin, bombesin, gastrin, substance P (SP), somatostatin, insulin, glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide (PP), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and secretin. Nine kinds of endocrine cells were identified in this study. Spherical or spindleshaped immunoreactive (IR) cells were located in the gastric glands of stomach regions, in the basal portion of the epithelium of intestinal tract or esophagus, and in the exocrine or pancreatic islets with variable frequencies. In the alimentary tract, BCG-IR cells were found in the fundus and pylorus with rare and a few frequencies, respectively. Serotonin-IR cells were demonstrated in the whole alimentary tract including the esophagus. Bombesin- and SP-IR cells were restricted to the stomach regions and gastrin-IR cells were restricted to the pylorus. Somatostatin-IR cells were detected throughout the whole alimentary tract except for the large intestine, However, insulin-, glucagon-, PP-, VIP- and secretin-IR cells were not detected in the alimentary tract. In the pancreas of toad, the distribution and relative frequency of endocrine cells were similar to those of other mammals. Insulin-IR cells were located in the central portion of the pancreatic islets and interspaces of exocrine portions, and glucagon-, somatostatin- and PP-IR cells were detected in the marginal regions of the pancreatic islets and interspaces of exocrine. However, other IR cells were not found in the pancreas. In conclusion, the regional distribution and relative frequency of the endocrine cells in the alimentary tract and pancreas of the toad were similar to other anuran species but some differences which might be caused by feeding habits and species specification were also observed.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.123-132
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• 2001

ICR 마우스 위장관 8개 부위(위저부, 유문부, 십이지장, 공장, 회장, 맹장, 결장 및 직장)에서 위장관내분비 세포의 부위별 분포 및 상대적 빈도를 somatostain, serotonin, glucagon, chloecystokinin(CCK)-8, secretin, pancreatic polypeptide(PP) 및 gastrin 등 총 7종류의 항혈청을 이용한 면역조직화학적 방법으로 관찰하였던 결과 somatostain, serotonin, glucagon, CCK-8, secretin, 및 gastrin 면역반응세포의 7종류의 내분비세포가 관찰되었다. 본 실험의 결과 장관부위에서는 주로 타원형 또는 방추형의 개방형 세포(open-typed cell)들이 관찰된 반면 위저부와 유문부에서는 주로 원형의 폐쇄형 세포(close-typed cell)을이 관찰되었다. 이들 면역반응세포들의 부위별 분포는 위장관 각 부위에 따라 매우 다양하게 관찰되었다. Somatostain 면역반응세포들은 대장을 제외한 위장관에서 전 부위에서 관찰되었고, serotonin 면역반응세포들은 전 위장관에 걸쳐 관찰되었으며, ICR 마우스에서 가장 높은 빈도를 나타내었다. Glucagon 면역반응세포들은 위저부와 직장에 국한되어 관찰되었으며, 각각 중등도 및 소수의 빈도를 나타내었다. CCK-8 면역반응세포들은 유문부, 십이지장 및 회장에서 각각 다수, 중등도 및 극소수의 빈도로 관찰되었다. 한편 secretin 면역반응세포들은 각각 소수 및 극소수의 빈도로 십이지장과 회장에 국한되어 출현하였고, gastrin 면역반응세포들은 유문부에 국한되어 다수 관찰되었다. 그러나 PP 면역반응세포들은 전 위장관에 걸쳐 관찰되지 않았다. 결론적으로 ICR 마우스의 위장관내분비세포의 부위별 분포 및 상대적 빈도는 다른 포유동물과 유사하게 관찰되었으나, 일부 특이한 양상을 나타내기도 하였다.