• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.18-23
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• 2010

Usability of soil quality monitoring network for ascertaining soil quality changes was evaluated by analysing soil quality monitoring results. Tolerance limits of soil quality monitoring results from 1997 to 2007 were calculated and compared with Korean soil quality standards. This study determined that soil quality was changed if the upper 95% tolerance limit value was greater than the soil quality standard. Fluoride most frequently exceeded the soil quality standard and nickel, zinc, arsenic, copper, lead and cadmium were followed. Analysis on land use showed that tolerance limits of industrial land use most frequently exceeded the soil quality standards and residential, road and various land uses then frequently exceeded. Tolerance limits of land uses expecting high contaminant loads frequently exceeded the soil quality standards. This fact imply that the soil quality monitoring network generates reasonable data to represent change in Korean soil quality. This study also suggested that representative sampling from well identified points should be done to improve data reliability and accurately ascertain soil quality changes.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2013

This study developed the classification of National Soil Quality Monitoring Network (NSQM) and its site selection criteria to meet the recently established purposes of the NSQM. The NSQM were suggested by this study to classify into the six-purposes site groups from the current classification of land uses. The six purposes site groups were 1) intensive observation sites, 2) contaminant loading sites, 3) human activity sites, 4) background sites, 5) river soil sites, and 6) sites near the groundwater quality monitoring wells. Furthermore, this study developed the site selection criteria of NSQM utilizing the accumulated NSQM data, road traffic data, chemical emission data, census, soil information, and the literature related to soil quality variation due to contaminant loads. For selecting suitable sites for NSQM, this study used road traffic, chemical emission, the distance from the contaminant sources, and population information as specific criteria. The suggested site classification and criteria were appled for the current 100 NSQM sites for evaluation. Forty sites were met to the criteria suggested by this study, but sixty sites were not met to the criteria. However, some of the sixty sites also included the obscure sites that their addresses were not apparent to find them.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.92-99
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• 2007

우리나라 지하수수질측정망은 2007년 현재 환경부가 관리하고 있는 오염우려지역 781개 지점 및 일반지역 1,240개 지점과 건설교통부에서 관리하고 있는 국가지하수관측망 478지점을 합쳐 총 2,499지점으로 구성되어 운영되고 있다. 1999년 이후 측정망 운영에 따른 지하수의 수질분석 결과를 매년 발표하고 있지만, 지하수수질측정망 지점에 대한 관정의 현황 정보는 제공하지 못하였다. 이에 본 연구에서는 지하수수질측정망의 운영현황, 지점선정 및 관정 정보등 현황을 평가하여 특성을 파악하고자 하였으며, 이를 통하여 향후 지하수수질측정망의 개선방안을 고찰하고자 하였다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2008

This paper analyzed the status of contaminated soils in order to manage it efficiently in Incheon using Geographic Information System (GIS) and investigated the concepts and techniques of the GIS and interpolation method. GIS technique is applied to the analysis of soil quality monitoring data. The purposes of this research are to assess the soil contamination of Incheon metropolitan area and to analyze the existing contents of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, As, Hg, Pb, $Cr^{+6}$) and pH in soil. The samples had been collected from year 1998 to year 2002 by the Soil Contamination Monitoring Network. The soil quality monitoring results were imported with the geographical information of the monitoring programs in capital area. It is found that currently available GIS technique has a great extend of potential for soil quality management. From the analysis of soil quality monitoring results, the GIS application demonstrates the poor soil quality in the central capital area and the it is improved as it travels down to the suburb area. Concerning about the data interpolation, the discrepancy caused by applying different method was ignorable, although Kriging method is further developed.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.186-195
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• 2021

In Korea, groundwater quality is monitored through National Groundwater Quality Monitoring Network (NGQMN) administered by Ministry of Environment. For a given contaminant, compliance to groundwater quality standards is assessed on a annual basis by monitoring the number of incidents that concentration exceeds the regulatory limit. However, this approach provides only a fractional information about groundwater quality degradation, and more crucial information such as location and severity of the contamination cannot be obtained. For better groundwater quality management on a watershed, a more spatially informative and intuitive method is required. This study presents two statistical methods to convert point-wise monitoring data into information on groundwater quality status of a watershed by using a proposed grading scale. The proposed grading system is based on readily available reference standards that classify the water quality into 4 grades. The methods were evaluated with NO₃^-, Cl^-, and total coliform data in Geum River basin. The analyses revealed that groundwater in most watersheds of Geum River basin is good for domestic or/and drinking with no treatment. But, there was notable quality degradation in Bunam seawall and So-oak downstream standard watersheds contaminated by NO₃^- and Cl^-, respectively.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.393-400
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• 2017

This study was investigated on pH, heavy metals, oils and solvents in 34 surface soil samples and the samples are collected at two times for 17 farmland sites around 7 industrial areas in Northern Gyeonggi Province. As a result of pH for soil contamination monitoring network, the range of pH showed 4.4~8.4 and average was 6.3. The range of pH for Agricultural land around industrial area was 6.7~7.5 and average indicated 7.1 that mostly showed neutral condition in this area. he average concentrations of Cu, Pb, Ni, As and $Cr^{6+}$ are lower than Korea soil contamination worrisome levels at region 1 and the mean levels of farmland from the soil quality monitoring network. The average concentrations of Zn, Cd and Hg didn't exceed the soil contamination worrisome levels at region 1 but slightly higher than the mean levels of farmland from the soil quality monitoring network. The heavy metal levels of all samples are within Korea soil contamination worrisome levels at region 1. The results showed that the detected heavy metal concentrations ranged from N.D. to ~32.7% of Korea soil contamination worrisome levels at region 1. BTEX, TPH, TCE and PCE were not detected in all samples and thus the farmland around the industrial areas were free from oils and solvents contamination.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.22-32
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• 2012

This study suggests a method to grade groundwater quality quantitatively using statistical approaches for evaluating the quality of groundwater in wells included in the Groundwater Quality Monitoring Network (GQMN). The proposed analysis method is applied to GQMN data from 2001 to 2008 for nitrate nitrogen, chloride, trichloroethylene, potential of hydrogen (pH), and electrical conductivity. The analysis results are obtained as groundwater quality grades of the groundwater representing each of the monitoring stations. The degree of groundwater contamination is analysed for water quality parameters, district, and usage. The results show that the degree of groundwater contamination is relatively high by nitrate nitrogen, bacteria and electrical conductivity and at Seoul, Incheon, Gwangju, Gyeonggido and Jeollado. The degree of contamination by nitrate nitrogen and trichloroethylene is especially high when the groundwater is used for agricultural and industrial water, respectively. It is evaluated that potable groudnwater in GQMN is significantly vulnerable to nitrate nitrogen and bacteria contamination.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2003년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.94-96
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• 2003

Since 1995, MOCT(Ministry of Construction and Transportation) and KOWACO(Korea Water Resources Corporation) have established the National Groundwater Monitoring Network in South Korea and also MOE(Ministry of Environment) has operated Groundwater Quality Monitoring network. Until 2001, 202 monitoring stations by MOCT and 780 monitoring wells by MOE have been constructed, measured groundwater level and analyzed water samples. Groundwater quality analysis has been conducted two times a year during last 6 years for all monitoring wells. The quality data has about 15 components including pH, COD, Count of Coliform group, and etc.. Trend analysis has been peformed for 6 components(Coliform, pH, COD, NO$_3$-N, Cl and EC) of water quality which are analyzed more than 7 times for total monitoring wells. Two test methods have been used ; Sen's test and Mann-Kendall test. These trend tests have been done at the 0.05 significance level. By the result of Sen's test, Count of Coliform group has either upward or downward trends at 4.3 percent of the monitoring points. pH does at 5.6 percent, COD does at 8.6 percent, Nitrate-Nitrogen does at 13.2 percent, Chloride does at 13.4 percent, and. EC does at 11.6 percent of the monitoring points. The exact causes of the groundwater quality trends are difficult to specify. Notable downward trends in nitrate at many monitoring points may be the result of reduction on some contamination sources. Potential causes include diminished agricultural areas, improvements in sewage treatment and a decrease in atmospheric deposition. Increase in chloride at many monitoring points may be the result of increased non-point source pollution such as road salting and runoff from sprawling paved developments and suburbs.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2002년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.277-279
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• 2002

In late of the 1980's, dramatic increase in water use caused over-exploitation of groundwater and deterioration of water quality in urban areas. To monitor quantity of groundwater resources and their qualities, local groundwater monitoring networks were established. Groundwater resources in urban areas are affected by various human activities including underground building construction (subway), pumping for water use, and pavements. Detailed analysis of the monitored groundwater data would provide some good implications for optimal and efficient management for groundwater resources in the urban area.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.94-102
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• 2003

A hydrologic and water quality monitoring network were established in the Balkan-reservoir watershed, which has 29.79 $km^2$ in size, to analyze the characteristics of pollutant loading from an agricultural small watershed. Soil type, land use, hydrologic soil group, population and livestock were also surveyed to make clear the pollutant sources and to calculate the pollutant loadings by the unit loading factor method which was proposed by the Ministry of Environment. From the 5-year hydrologic monitoring results, sub-watersheds located in the upstream of the reservoirs showed higher average runoff ratio. The calculated daily pollutant loadings by the unit loading factor method from HP#2 sub-watershed in the downstream of Balkan reservoir, were much greater than observed.