• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.605-611
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to analyze the local distribution of the heavy metal concentration in Daegu and Ulsan which were divided into the residual areas, the traffic dense areas and the industrial areas. The Inductively Coupled Plasma(ICP) was used to analyze heavy metals, such as As, Cr, Hg, Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu and minor metals, such as Fe, Si, Mg, Ca, AI, Na, K. The results of this analysis showed that the content of heavy metals which was classified by districts in Daegu and Ulsan was the highest in the industrial areas followed by the traffic dense areas and the residual areas. Compared to the level of heavy metals of national and local soil survey network in 2003, contamination of heavy metals in Daegu was lower than national average. However, the content of Cd, As, Zn in Ulsan was respectively 13.38 times, 472 times and 2.65 times higher than national average contamination. In addition, compared to the soil pollution level of the environmental protection law, contamination of all areas in Daegu was lower. But the content of As at the industrial areas in Ulsan was 10.71 times higher than standard of soil pollution and 4.28 times higher than standard of measures against soil contamination.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.15-32
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• 2011

This study was carried out to investigate the soil characteristics and propose the management for the Monument Beobsoo Marsh, Korea. The soil properties of O.M, $Ca^{2+}$, $Na^+$ and CEC were higher and the soil properties of pH_{1:5}$ and $P_2O_5$ were lower the studied sites than other marsh sites in Korea. Although the Heavy metals such as Pb, Hg, Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr and As were lower compare to the safety standard of soil pollution in Korea, the overall conservation management plan based on long-term monitoring should be considered just because it varied by the point and non-point source pollution within the studied marsh. The source of water pollution varied due to non-point polluting origins such as sewage inlet, degraded terrain for agriculture, fishing sites, sites of removed water grasses, pesticides, chemical fertilizers, as well as fallen leaves. The creation of an artificial marsh is recommended due to the soil environment of the studied sites may be changed owing to the accumulated contaminants from the sources of both of point or non-point contaminants. The establishment of the zones of core, buffer and transition which is basic management structure of the UNESCO MaB could be applied to manage the studied site. Simultaneously the promotion of voluntary participation and education of the local residents are needed.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.529-540
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• 2012

Objective: This research was performed to evaluate the state of oil pollution in an area surrounding a railway station that has over 100 years of business history as a railway station in S City, Korea. The amount of polluted soil was estimated, and the target area for remediation was assessed in this study to restore the oil-polluted area. Methods: To accomplish this aim, five observation wells were installed for the sampling of groundwater, and soil was sampled at 33 points. Electric resistance studies and a trench investigation were undertaken to understand the geological conditions of the site, and the groundwater movement in this area was simulated by MODFLOW. Physiochemical analyses were conducted to determine the quality of the groundwater and the current state of oil pollution influenced by that of the soil. Results: The mean level of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) in this area was 1,059 mg/kg, and the area for remediation was determined to be 7,610 mg/kg. Levels of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) were determined to be under the legal standard. Conclusion: In terms of depth, the biggest area polluted by TPH found was between 0 and 1 m from ground level, and the affected area was 5,900 $m^3$. TPHs were not detected in groundwater. Diesel and lubricating oil were the main causes of TPH pollution at this railway station.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.30-34
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• 2014

To apply paper mill sludges to soil as fertilizer, paper mill sludges were investigated to predict suitability and maleficence for soil. Newspaper and Printed Paper sludge were analyzed by IC (Ion Chromatography) and ICP-OES (Induced Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer). As a results, harmful materials in two types of sludges were below standard by notified Ministy of Environment (ME). Also ionic substances causing the water pollution in sludges were less than the standard value by notified ME. Thus sludges from newspaper and printed paper is presumed that there are no water pollution and soil contamination.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.626-634
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• 2005

The objectives of this study was to assess pollution level and contamination status on tailings and soil in the vicinity of four disused metal mines in Kangwon province. As the result of total metal concentrations analysis, the pollution degree of tailings and soil decreased in the order of Wondong > Second Yeonhwa > Sinyemi ${\fallingdotseq}$ Sangdong mines. Total metal concentrations of mine tailings in this study were $1.2{\sim}78.2$ and $1.1{\sim}80.6$ times higher than those in the background soil and the tolerable levels suggested by Kloke, respectively. From these results, we found that tailings served as contamination source of nearby soil. According to sequential extraction of metals, large proportion of heavy metals in all mine tailings existed in the form of a residual fraction, and heavy metals in non-residual form was mainly associated with Fe-Mn oxide fraction and sulfidic-organic fraction. Fe-Mn oxide fraction and sulfidic-organic fraction of heavy metals may be released into and contaminated the nearby environment under the oxidation or reduction condition in long-term. In particular, the proportions of the exchangeable and carbonate fraction of Cd in mine tailings from Second Yeonhwa mine were relatively high. This suggests that Cd may be easily released into and contaminated the nearby environment in the near time. Concentrations of heavy metals in mine tailings and the nearby soil exceeded the standard (agricultural area) of Soil Environment Conservation Law. So it was thought that remediation for mine tailings and the nearby soil is needed. The pollution indices of the samples in this study were for higher than 1.0 and the pollution degree was very serious. Priority remediation site for these mines was Wondong. As Results of danger indices, it was showed that exchangeable form in Wondong and Fe-Mn oxide form in the rest mines should be removed preferentially.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.13-19
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• 2016

This study presented the build-up of three-dimensional soil pollution map for precise analysis. To do this, survey on the existing pollutant region on Dongnae-gu, Busan that is the study subject, showed that it tended to produce 0.72 clusters. So, this study suggested to investigate center of $1km{\times}1km $ grid and, as the results of comparing the pollution map that input pollution figure values based on the actually investigation point showed precise results. And, it divided the standard of pollution into 5 levels in surface and underground space and the map was built up using IDW interpolation against the amount of polluted substance. The pollution of ground surface, flow of polluted substance, coefficient of permeability and ground water level that are 504 geotechnical informations were selected as the influential parameters in pollution analysis of underground space, and it calculated that to 0~20 points by dividing the characteristics. It enables the build-up of pollution map of ground surface-underground with depth that considers the characteristics of soil layers and it is considered that it is possible to analyze the general infiltration. And, it was considered that it enables more accurate forecast about influential analysis per depth and pollution of underground water.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.524-530
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• 2016

Agricultural soils near or around industrial complexes can contain a certain amount of heavy metals that readily enter the food chain and negatively affect human health. Therefore, we conducted the study to investigate the distribution of selected heavy metals, including arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and zinc (Zn), in farm-land soils around fifteen industrial complexes in the southwestern provinces, Korea. The concentrations of heavy metals in the soil samples were determined by the pseudo-total aqua regia (3 HCl : $1HNO_3$) digestion procedure. The heavy metal concentrations in most soils examined did not exceed the levels of Soil Contamination Warning Standard (SCWS) for agricultural lands (Region 1) presented in Soil Environment Conservation Law (SECL) established by Ministry of Environment (MOE), Korea. However, only one sampling site showed higher As amount ($27.1mg\;kg^{-1}$) than the SCWS level of As ($25mg\;kg^{-1}$). Pollution index (PI) for heavy metals did not exceed 1.0. The PI values were significantly positively correlated (p < 0.01) with the heavy metal concentrations. In particular, the values of correlation coefficient between the Cd and Pb concentrations and the PI values were higher than those estimated from other combinations, and thus the amounts of Cd and Pb in the agricultural soils highly affected the PI values for the heavy metals.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.161-166
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• 2021

This study was on leaching test(KSLT) of the aggregate for the products to evaluate the characteristics of contaminants and the possibility of contamination arising from the aggregate. On the basis pH, conductivity, turbidity, TN, TP, COD and heavy metal contents in the aggregate increased as the particle size of the aggregate was smaller. The pH appeared to be 9.9~11.4 which is relatively higher than soil, however, heavy metal has investigated within the 1 region's standard value of soil pollution standards. From the leaching test, there is strong indication that the risk of pollution due to elution of pollutants gets higher with the smaller grain size. Especially conductivity and turbidity are the potential water pollution source and recycled aggregates of 10mm or less could be a potential pollution source since it could elute soluble matters and suspended solid, but there is no proper management standard for them. As a result of evaluating water pollution possibility of the aggregate, the pH displayed in items with a very high possibility of contamination, TN and TP did in item with a low possibility of contamination and on the other hand the heavy metals did in item with a very low possibility of contamination.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.556-562
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• 2005

This study was performed to evaluate effects of pH and heavy metals on soil pollution in 167 sites of Gangwon-do. The overall pH range of soils was 4.3~8.4 The average soil pollution of Cd was 0.089 mg/kg (0.000~3.493 mg/kg), Cu 3.093 mg/kg (0.078~60.263 mg/kg), Pb 4.74 mg/kg (0.01~38.08 mg/kg), Hg 0.054 mg/kg (0.002~1.050 mg/kg), and As 0.971 mg/kg (0.031~77.051 mg/kg), but $Cr^{6+}$ was not detected in these soils. The average concentration of heavy metals in these soils was acceptable under the preliminary standard of soil preservation acts in Korea.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.233-239
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• 2017

Objectives: The pollution status of heavy metals within the soil was investigated with an aim to establishing a sustainable soil environment within parks and amusement facilities installed in urban areas of Gyeonggi-do Province. Methods: As sampling sites, 14 locations were selected from a city with a number of factories near a residential area, a residential area, and a children's park in a city with mixed green areas. Seven kinds of heavy metals, including Cd, Pb, and Hg, and the pH of soil were analyzed three times by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). Results: In this study, the pH of the samples from the residential park and industrial park showed 5.7-6.5 and 5.9-7.0, respectively. The overall mean concentration (mg/kg) of heavy metals was Zn (132.8), Ni (73.0), Cu (47.4), Pb (35.9), As (4.84), Cd (0.39), and Hg (0.07), indicating that these concentrations of heavy metals were lower than those for the area 1 standard of soil pollution concern criteria. In addition, the sampling sites in the residential area and the industrial area also showed the same tendency for concentration distribution. Conclusions: We found that the soil pollution class (SPC) of some spots were over 200, which are third and fourth classes. In order to manage a sustainable soil environment in a city park, it is suggested that local governments, the management bodies for these parks, need to manage, supervise, and investigate soil pollution and quickly replace contaminated soil.