• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1990

Effects of mycorrhizal infection on the growth of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) and corn (Zea mays) seedlings have been studied by comparing plants grown in sterilized soil/sand mixtures to plants grown in sterilized soil/sand mixtures with topping the original non-sterile field soil. The original nonsterile field soil, which were taken from the bell pepper field, contained a high level of endmycorrhizal spores. After seven weeks, the shoot height of inoculated plants was increased by 110% in bell pepper, and 90% in corn compared with the control plants. The average above-ground biomass of inoculated plant was increased by 88% in bell pepper and 71% in corn compared with the control plants. The shoot-root ratios in bell pepper and corn were 2.7 and 1.8 for the control plants, and 4.3 and 2.7 for the treatment plants, respectively. Phosphorus level in inoculated plant was higher than that of the control plant. However, nitrogen contents were similar between the control and the treatment plants. The control plants didi not form vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae during the experimental period.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.53-74
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• 1995

This study was made on the relationships among production structures, biomass and Soil proper-ties of grassland types in Chejudo. The results of this investigation were obtained as foolows. The annual productions of the grasslands of Zoysio, Imperata, Themede, Miscanthus and Pteridium types were 40.36~144.00, 168.28~272.44, 58.24~138.44, 156.12 ~714. 12 and 157. 18~398.40g /m$^2$, respectively. The production structures of those grassland types were different from one another. The water contents, organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus were different levels between grasslands had a simple correlation at 5% level and the organic matter contents were a higher significant at the partial correlation. Key words: Production Structure, Biomass, Soil properity, Chejudo.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.762-769
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• 2022

Growth characters and ingredient contents of two-year-old bellflower (Platycodon grandiflorum) roots were investigated under both control and soil moisture treatment condition using soil moisture control system including soil sensing and automatic water supply chain in this study. Root diameter, fine root number, root length, fresh weight and dry weight of the plant were significantly influenced by the automatic water treatment, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%, respectively. Ingredient contents of the two-year-old roots in bellflower plants were detected in the 20% and 50% of controlled soil moisture content. Contents of amino acids were decreased by the soil moisture treatment, meanwhile, contents of minerals were not showed significant decrease except for phosphorus content. Showing no difference in proline and tyrosine, fourteen of the amino acid contents were gradually decreased by the increased soil moisture contents, with significant decrease in serine, glycine, alanine, leucine, lysine and histidine at 20% treatment.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.235-245
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• 1993

The symbiotic properties of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) such as the absence and/or presence of symbiosis, spore density, and six factors of phycochemical properties of soil were investigated in the rhizosphere of seven sand dune plants and three control plants around Kum river. The infection of AMF was confirmed in all plants. Three genera, nine species of the AMF spores were identified in the sand dune; Ac. scrobiculata, G. aggregatum, G. convolutum, G. diaphanum, G. dimophicum, G. geosporum, G. vesiculiferum, G. tortuosum, S. pachycaulis. All of them were also found in the control, but S. pachycaulis were only separated in the sand dune. In the control, three genera, four species were identified; G. flavisporum, Gi. margarita, Sc. gregaria. Sc. persica. The species specificity was not found between the sand dune plant and AMF. However, the AMF was thought to be correlated with the soil factors. The spore density was stimulated with increase of the organic matter and the nitrogen content, but inhibited with the water content and the phosphorus content. In respect of the seasonal factor, the spore density was increased in the late growth period of plants.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.55-64
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• 1988

The seasonal pattern of pool size and withdrawal from senescing or stroage organ, and the annual magintude of internal-and plant-soil cycles for nitrogen and phosphorus in a Glyceria leptolepis Ohwi population in a marsh of the Mt. Geumoh were investigared. The population pool changed from initial size of 6.8 to the maximum of 16.1gN$m^{-2}$ for N and from 1.7 to 3.9g Pm$m^{-2}$ for P, maintaining far higher relative pool size during the first half of the growth period as compared with that for biomass. A sharp increase in N and P pool was noticed in early spring before the biomass growth was recognized, The major process supplying the demand for N and P changed as the growth progressed showing the order; absorption-withdrwal-absorption-with-drawal. The annual magnitude of plant-soil cycle for N and P was 18.0-19.1 and 2.9-3.3gm$m^{-2}$, accounting for 3 and 5% of each nutrient pool in 0-20 cm humus layer, respectively. The higher exent of internal cycle and the lower rate of annual turnover for P(1.08) as compared with those for N may suggest that this population conserves and reuses P more efficiently than N.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.155-168
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• 1984

Field test were conducted to select the best method for soil phosphorus test and to obtain the critical levels of each method for P fertilizer recommendations based on tobacco production. Truog method was recognized to be the mort suitable one for soil P test. N. Carolina, Bray No.1 and Olsen methods were followed in order. Bray No. 2 and Lancaster methods showed the least satisfaction. The critical levels of available P by lancaster, Bray No. 1, N. Carolina,01sen, and Truog methods were 55ppm, 32ppm, 21ppm, 19ppm, and 22ppm, respectively. Below the critical level a large yield response can be expected with 10kg $P_2O_5$/10a, above critical level little or no response is expected. In soils the more the initial available p, the more available P was carried over, while the more the total amount of silt and clay, the less the residual P was found. The increase in residual P by 10kg of $P_2O_5$ was greater than that of 5kg/10a. The chemical composition and the price of the cured leaf were not affected by the $P_2O_5$ application, indicating that the increase in the rate of $P_2O_5$ application would not exert on the quality of tobacco.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.465-472
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• 2008

Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was selected as a tool for assessing the effect of pollutant sources on the total loads from the Chungju Dam upstream watershed. The model was constructed through calibration of parameters related to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), which was based on the runoff and sediment modeling performed in the previous research. Using this, the spatial and temporal pollutant loadings by source type were investigated. Results of this study indicated that in most forested upstream sub-watersheds, pollutant loadings from point sources were very low, and total loadings by point and non-point sources were also insignificant. On the other hand, in #14 sub-watershed including Jecheon city, the loadings by point source were relatively considerable. For the whole watershed, non-point sources accounted for 99% of sediment, 97% of N, and 93% of P loads. And monthly non-point source loadings were concentrated on rainy summer season, while point source loadings of N and P kept nearly constant throughout the year and were high on dry winter season relative to non-point source.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.145-152
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• 1992

Phosphorus(P) cycle of Miscanthus sinensis, Sasa palmata and Artemicia princeps for perennial plants and Polygonwn thunbergii for annual plant were investigated in natural plant communities established in Andosol region. 1. Perennial plants contained about 50-80 % P of the maximum accumulated in whole plant in under ground parts as reserve P before wintering. On the other hand, annual plant returned the most part of P in plant tissues to soil and wintered with a small amount of P in only seed. 2. The storage percentage of K was low compared to P in both perennial and annual plants. And the return of K from litter to soil proceeded rapidly because of easy leaching of K. 3. Perennial plants stored a large amount of P in reserve organs before wintering and carry it over next generation, and P holded in an individual showed a yearly increase. Consequently, P was less susceptible to depressive factor for growth of perennial plants even in poor P circumstances like Andosol region, compared to annual plant.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.593-598
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• 2013

The livestock manure is a good source of major plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and micronutrient that plants require. As aspect of establishment of nutrient management policy in nation scale, the use of livestock manure for agricultural purpose is a key factor for improving national nutrient balance. In this study, we evaluated the tendency of livestock manure production and amount of chemical fertilizer used in Korea from 1990 to 2011. The number of pig and chicken has been increased about two times in 2011 compared with 1990 and therefore livestock manure continually increased with the lapse of year, but cattle and dairy was not changed significantly. The chemical fertilizer consumption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium per hectare arable land was decreased by 54.6, 66.0 and 63.2% in 2011 compared with 1990, respectively. In contrast, the potential input of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium to arable land through livestock manure was increased by 220, 210 and 210% during this period, respectively. Therefore we need a reasonable strategy for nutrient management such as combination of both manure and chemical fertilizers in near future.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.239-244
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• 1973

Effects of nitrogen sources on free amino acids, and on photosynthsis-respiration equilibrium point of various positional leaf in soybean were investigated in relation to phosphorus sensitivity. The content of free amino acids was highest in ammonium and lowest in urea treated leaves. Glycine, serine, alanine and especially histidine were high in the ammonium treated leaves. Aspartic acid was high in the nitrate treated leaves. Photosynthesis respiration equilibrium point was higher in the sensitive cultivars, and higher with ammonium than with nitrate. The excess ammonium in plant appears to draw out an intermediate metabolite from carbon fixation pathway resulting in photosynthetic inhibition and activate pentoses phosphate pathway and photorespiration. Such phenomena were likely accentuated in phosphorus sensitive variety.