• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.5-11
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• 2016

Background: As the decomposition of lignocellulosic compounds is a rate-limiting stage in the nutrient mineralization from organic matters, elucidation of the changes in soil enzyme activity can provide insight into the nutrient dynamics and ecosystem functioning. The current study aimed to assess the effect of thinning intensities on soil conditions. Un-thinned control, 20 % thinning, and 30 % thinning treatments were applied to a Larix kaempferi forest, and total carbon and nitrogen, total carbon to total nitrogen ratio, extractable nutrients (inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, potassium), and enzyme activities (acid phosphatase, ${\beta}$-glucosidase, ${\beta}$-xylosidase, ${\beta}$-glucosaminidase) were investigated. Results: Total carbon and nitrogen concentrations were significantly increased in the 30 % thinning treatment, whereas both the 20 and 30 % thinning treatments did not change total carbon to total nitrogen ratio. Inorganic nitrogen and extractable calcium and magnesium concentrations were significantly increased in the 20 % thinning treatment; however, no significant changes were found for extractable phosphorus and potassium concentrations either in the 20 or the 30 % thinning treatment. However, the applied thinning intensities had no significant influences on acid phosphatase, ${\beta}$-glucosidase, ${\beta}$-xylosidase, and ${\beta}$-glucosaminidase activities. Conclusions: These results indicated that thinning can elevate soil organic matter quantity and nutrient availability, and different thinning intensities may affect extractable soil nutrients inconsistently. The results also demonstrated that such inconsistent patterns in extractable nutrient concentrations after thinning might not be fully explained by the shifts in the enzyme-mediated nutrient mineralization.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.101-107
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• 1984

볏짚시용적지(施用適地)를 구명(究明)하기 위하여 전국(全國) 17개(個) 농가포장(農家圃場)과 현지(現地) 포장토양(圃場土壤)을 채취(採取) 실내(室內)에서 항온시험(恒溫試驗)한 결과(結果) 포장(圃場)에서는 배수양호(排水良好)하며 볏짚을 시용(施用)하므로써 토양환원(土壤還元) 발달(發達)이 무시용구(無施用區)보다 높은 토양(土壤)에서 수도수량(水稻收量) 및 수량구성요소(收量構成要素)가 증가(增加)되었다. 실내(室內) 시험(試驗)에서는 배수양호(排水良好)하며 볏짚시용(施用)으로 환원발달(還元發達)이 양호(良好)한 토양(土壤)에서 규산(珪酸), 가리(加里), 석회(石灰) 등(等)의 유효양분(有效養分)이 증가(增加)되었으며 또한 토양중(土壤中) 인산(燐酸)의 유효도(有效度)와 토양환원발달(土壤還元發達)과는 정상관(正相關) 관계(關係)를 보였다. 그러나 배수불량(排水不良)하며 볏짚을 시용(施用)하더라도 무시용구(無施用區)와 환원발달차(還元發達差)가 현저(顯著)하지 못한 답토양(畓土壤)에서는 토양(土壤) 무기성분(無機成分) 및 인산(燐酸)의 유효도(有效度) 증가(增加)는 현저(顯著)하지 못하였다. 이상(以上)의 결과(結果) 볏짚시용(施用) 적지(適地) 선정(選定)시는 토양(土壤)의 배수정도(排水程度)와 토양환원(土壤還元) 발달정도(發達程度)를 기초(基礎)로 실시(實施)되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.335-339
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• 2001

Two successive in vitro experiments were carried out to examine the effect of MPS bacterial inoculation on growth, and nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation of maize plants under greenhouse condition in the same soil. There were four treatments, uninoculated control and three phosphate solubilizing bacterial inoculations, viz., Pseudomonas striata, Burkholderia cepacia and Serratia marcescens. The inoculated plants showed the higher plant height, total dry mass, nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation when compared to uninoculated control plants in both experiments. In the combined data analysis from two experiments, the plants inoculated with P. striata and B. cepacia showed significantly higher plant height, total dry mass and P accumulation when compared to S. marcescens inoculated plant and uninoculated control plants. The P. striata and B. cepacia inoculation enhanced total dry matter accumulation by 14% and phosphorus accumulation by 25% over the uninoculated control plants. The nitrogen and phosphorus concentration of maize plants were also increased due to MPS bacterial inoculation, however, the effect was not significant.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.74-79
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• 2002

Two consecutive green house experiments were carried out to examine the effect of Azospirillum spp. inoculation on growth, nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation in maize plants grown in pots. There were eight treatments including an uninoculated control and Azospirillum strains OAD-3, OAD-9, AZ-22, AZ-8, AZ-9, Azospirillum brasilense BR-11001 and Azospirillum lipoferum BR-11080. The inoculated plants showed higher values in each of the following measurements; plant height, total dry mass and nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation in shoot when compared to the uninoculated control plants in two consecutive experiments conducted in the same soil. Among Azospirillum strains, Azospirillum sp. OAD-3 inoculated plants showed higher nitrogen accumulation by 44.5% and 45.1%, total dry mass by 48.6% and 66.9% in two consecutive experiments respectively. The nitrogen concentration in the maize plants was not changed significantly in the first experiment, however it increased significantly in the second experiment due to Azospirillum inoculation. In addition, Azospirillum sp. OAD-9 and A. brasilense BR-11001 also proved to be effective with respect to total dry mass, total nitrogen accumulation and total phosphorus accumulation. The nitrogen concentrations in maize plants were increased in the second experiment due to Azospirillum inoculation.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2004년도 임시총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.361-363
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• 2004

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2006년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.428-431
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• 2006

오염된 토양이나 지하수에 존재하는 중금속을 고정화시키기 위한 소스로 세 가지 종류의 뼈를 검토해보았다. 뼈 속에 있는 여러 종류의 calcium phosphate를 XPS로 분석한 결과, $Ca_8H_2(PO_4)_6.5H_2O$(octa-Calcium Phosphate)가 공통적으로 들어 있었고, 참치 뼈에는 유일하게 유기물 형태의 인이 들어 있었다. 증류수를 이용한 실험에서 뼈 속의 인산염은 액상에 쉽게 용출되기 때문에 중금속 고정화에 중요한 소스가 될 수 있다는 것을 알았다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2000년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.309-309
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• 2000

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제21권5_2호
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• pp.531-539
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• 1998

This study was carried in Mt. Paektu on the border between North Korea and China. The dominant communities of evergreen broad-leaved trees were Rhododendron aureum community, Dryas octopetala var. asiatica community, Rhododendron redowskianum community and Phyllodoce coerulea community. The evergreen broad-leaved trees investigated consist of a total 34 taxa : 4 forms, 16 varieties, 14 species, 10 genera, 5 families in Mt Paektu and North Korea(in literature). The soil organic matter and available phosphorus were different according to plant community and altitude.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.753-767
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• 2013

정화토양 RSA(remediated soil A)와 RSB(remediated soil B)의 토양 특성을 조사한 결과, 사질양토로서 작물 별 토양 특성 권장 기준에 적정 토성이지만, 높은 토양 pH와 치환성 칼슘, 다소 낮은 양이온치환용량(cation exchange capacity, CEC)과 치환성 칼륨, 매우 낮은 토양유기물 함량과 유효인산 함량을 보여 작물 생육에 적합하지 않은 것으로 판단되었다. 그러나, 친환경농자재인 부산물비료, charcoal, biochar를 토양개량제로 처리 후 토양 특성이 수준 이상의 개선을 보여준 것으로 보인다. 토양 pH 경감 효과는 볼 수 없었으나, 토양유기물 함량 증가, 유효인산 함량 증가 등의 효과가 있었으며, 총질소(total nitrogen, T-N)와 치환성 칼륨의 함량이 다소 증가하였다. 그리고, 치환성 칼슘의 함량이 작물 별 권장 기준 이상으로 높은 것을 감안하였을 때 biochar 처리구에서 치환성 칼슘 함량을 감소시킨바, 지속적인 연구 또한 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 이는 토양경작법에 의하여 정화된 토양에 대하여 부산물비료, charcoal, biochar 등의 친환경농자재를 토양개량제로 사용할 경우 토양 개선 효과가 나타난 것으로 생각되며, 특히 biochar의 경우 토양 특성 변화에 많은 영향을 주었다. 따라서, 정화토양을 지속적으로 유지하고 관리 할 경우 토양의 질을 꾸준히 증진시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제57권6호
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• pp.47-57
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• 2015

Organic farming system has been considered environmental friendly and sustainable agricultural practice. However, the influence of organic farming on soil quality and environment is not well informed and controversial. We sampled and analyzed 0~15 cm and 15~30 cm depth soils of organic and conventional paddy fields in Yongin and Anseong. The electric conductivity and organic matter content of organic paddy soil were significantly less (p = 0.0097, 0.0067, respectively) than those of conventional paddy soil. Available phosphate and total phosphorus in 0~15 cm depth of organic paddy soil were $211.1{\pm}135.3$, $872.4{\pm}286.3mg/kg$, respectively, less than those of conventional paddy soil. Available phosphate amount in conventional paddy was $358.8{\pm}246.7mg/kg$, which is higher than 300 mg/kg that can cause secondary environmental contamination by runoff. The amount of total nitrogen in organic paddy soil was less than that in conventional paddy while their difference was not significant. The concentration of the heavy metals in organic paddy soil was also lower than that in conventional paddy soil but their difference was not statistically significant. Our findings demonstrate that electric conductivity, organic matter, nutrients, and heavy metals in organic paddy soil were less than those in conventional paddy soil. However, additional monitoring of soil properties for longer period is necessary to certify such a conclusion.