• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.82-92
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• 2013

This study has investigated naturally occurring radioactive materials (N.O.R.M; $^{238}U$, $^{222}Rn$) for 353 drinking groundwater wells in metamorphic rock areas in Korea. Uranium concentrations ranged from N.D (not detected) to 563.56 ${\mu}g/L$ (median value, 0.68 ${\mu}g/L$) and radon concentrations ranged from 108 to 11,612 pCi/L (median value, 1,400 pCi/L). Uranium and radon concentrations in the groundwater generally are similar to USA with similar geological setting. Uranium concentrations in 9 wells (2.6%) exceeded 30 ${\mu}g/L$, which is the maximum contaminant level (MCL) by the US environmental protection agency (EPA), radon concentrations in 46 wells (13%) exceeded 4,000 pCi/L, which is the Alternative MCL (AMCL) by the US.EPA. The log-log correlation coefficient between uranium and radon was 0.32. The correlation coefficient between uranium and pH was 0.12 and the correlation coefficient between radon and temperature was -0.01. The correlation coefficient between uranium and $HCO_3$ was 0.09 and the correlation coefficient between uranium and Ca was 0.11. The median value of uranium was high Chung-Buk (1.78 ${\mu}g/L$), Gyeong-Buk (1.37 ${\mu}g/L$), In-Cheon (1.06 ${\mu}g/L$) for each province. On the other hand, the median value of radon was high In-Cheon (2,962 pCi/L), Chung-Buk (2,339 pCi/L), Jeon-Buk (2,165 pCi/L) for each province. Jeon-Buk for log-log correlation coefficient is the highest (0.63) among provinces.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.277-284
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• 2004

The chemical composition and properties of soil were determined at selected sites, such as Loess plateau, Gobi and sand deserts in northern China, where most dust storms occur. Although the transport of this sort of dust storms to Korean peninsula is a well-documented phenomenon, there is not enough information about the very source regions. In this reason, this study tried to measure the chemical composition, including soil elements, anthropogenic elements and ions for soil samples so that certain properties of some major source regions of Asian Dust can be provided. Furthermore, the results are classified into four types of soil like Loess, Loess & sand, Gobi, and sand in order to identify the characteristics and difference among the types. $(X/Al)_{crust}$ values for each soil type were also calculated in this study and compared with those of other references including Asian Dust material(ADM). The results indicated that Ca contribution was higher than Al in all the soil types of this study including ADM and, compared with the values of urban area, contribution of anthropogenic elements such as Cr, Pb, Zn was quite low. However, it must be noted that there is such a variation in the result of soil composition, but it is also certain that the very source region soil composition resolved from this study could support the enhanced study on Asian Dust phenomenon in Korea.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.207-217
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• 2002

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2018

Arsenic (As) usually is bound to amorphous iron oxides in the soils, and it can be removed via dissolution of iron oxides. Inorganic acid and chelating agent are widely used to extract As in the soil washing. However, the overall performance is highly dependent on the state of As fractionation. In this study, oxalic acid and inorganic acids (HCl, $H_2SO_4$, and $H_3PO_4$) were applied to enhance the dissolution of iron oxides for remediation of As-contaminated soils. Oxalic acid was most effective to extract As from soils and removal of As was two times greater than other inorganic acids. Additionally, 75% of As bound to amorphous iron oxides was removed by 0.2 M oxalic acid. Arsenic removal by oxalic acid was directly proportional to the sum of labile fractions of As instead of the total concentration of As. Therefore, the oxalic acid could extract most As bound to amorphous iron oxides.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.617-629
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• 2012

This study aims to find out critical areas of a soil loss and propose feasible measures to reduce the water quality deterioration by a soil lose. As a study area, the So-ok stream catchment locating at the upper area of Daecheong Reservoir is selected and intensive field observation was carried out. RUSLE model is applied to assess the impact of the pollution migration by a soil ross from the critical areas during storms on the water quality of Chusori embayment. As results, total amount of the soil ross assessed against to the critical area on which major type of land use is a orchard for fruits is 54.3 ton/ha/yr and that of an abandoned mine site is about 200 ton/ha/year. In particular as effective measures, a plantation of an appropriate species of fruit trees and an application of ecologic restoration schemes are proposed against to the orchard and the abandoned mine site, respectively.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.339-345
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• 2009

We evaluated the activity and abundance of the crude-oil-degrading bacterium Nocardia sp. H17-1 during bioremediation of oil-contaminated soil, using real-time PCR. The total petroleum hydrocarbon(TPH) degradation rate constants(k) of the soils treated with and without H17-1 were $0.103\;d^{-1}$ and $0.028\;d^{-1}$ respectively. The degradation rate constant was 3.6 times higher in the soil with H17-1 than in the soil without H17-1. In order to detect and quantify the Nocardia sp. H17-1 in soil samples, we quantified the genes encoding 16S ribosomal RNA(16S rRNA), alkane monooxygenase(alkB4), and catechol 2,3-dioxygenase(23CAT) with real-time PCR using SYBR green. The amounts of H17-1 16S rRNA and alkB4 detected increased rapidly up to 1,000-folds for the first 10 days, and then continued to increase only slightly or leveled off. However, the abundance of the 23CAT gene detected in H17-1-treated soil, where H17-1 had neither the 23CAT gene for the degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons nor the catechol 2,3-dioxygenase activity, did not differ significantly from that of the untreated soil($\alpha$=0.05,p>0.22). These results indicated that H17-1 is a potential candidate for the bioaugmentation of alkane-contaminated soil. Overall, we evaluated the abundance and metabolic activity of the bioremediation strain H17-1 using real-time PCR, independent of cultivation.

• 분석과학
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.338-347
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 돼지와 소를 대상으로 우리나라 대표 토양인 사양질, 식양질, 사질의 토양에 따른 실험실 규모 가축 매몰지를 설치하여 3년동안 분해특성을 살펴보는 것이다. 그 결과 가축 매몰지역 환경조사지침에 따른 가축 매몰지 발굴금지기간인 3년을 기준으로 대부분 분해되는 것을 확인하였으며, 사체분해를 위해 중요인자로 온도, 수분, pH, 토성, 영양소, 매몰지 깊이 등 다양한 외부환경 요인이 적절히 유지되어야 할것으로 판단되었다. 또한 소의 경우가 돼지보다 빠르게 분해되었는데, 토양에 따른 분해속도를 확인한 결과 사질 > 식양질 > 사양질 순으로 분해가 이루어지는 것으로 판단되었다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.253-259
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• 2010

We are consistently being exposed to nanomaterials in direct and/or indirect route as they are used in almost all the sectors in our life. Nations across the worlds are now trying to put global regulation policy on nanomaterials. Sometimes, they are reported to be more toxic than the corresponding ion and micromaterials. Therefore, safety research of nanoparticles has huge implications on a national economics. In this study, we evaluated and analyzed the research trend of ecotoxicity of nanoparticles in soil environment. Test species include terrestrial plants, earthworms, and soil nematode. Soil enzyme activities were also discussed. We found that the results of nanotoxicity studies were affected by many factors such as physicochemical properties, size, dispersion method and test medium of nanoparticle, which should be considered when conducting toxicity researches. In particular, more researches on the effect of physicochemical properties and fate of nanoparticles on toxicity effect should be conducted consistently.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.87-96
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• 2021

Herb has been categorized as a special plants from the beginning of human history and used in different medical systems in different cultures. This research has classified soil into 6 kinds that have diverse elements to see to which various kinds of savory(satureja hortensis) adapt well, experimenting from sowing to flowering for around 13 weeks, and also divided indoor conditions to get the result below. In conclusion, growth status of savory depending on the kinds of soil suggest that in indoor conditions the savory if planted in ⑤ bed soil compounded with saprolite and poultry manure grew better than any other condition. On the other hand, the growth status was bad in ① masato, ② clay, ④ bed soil mixed with saprolite, and ⑥ bed soil mixed with clay conditions. Though you can see the immediate effect of soil on the growth of savory, I'd like to reveal the details of how elements of savory operate in which kind of soil and outdoor conditions the goal of this research, in the next research.

• 환경생물
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.389-394
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• 2014

본 연구는 몬순기후에 의해 장마라는 특징적인 강우패턴을 가지는 환경조건에서 강우 패턴 및 강우 강도의 변화가 삼림 내 지표 유출수와 토양수분함량을 변화시켜 토양호흡의 배출 양상을 어떻게 변화시키는지 알아보기 위하여 수행되었다. 대상지는 경기도 광주시에 위치한 서울대학교 학술림 내 잣나무식재림으로 2012년 1년 동안 자동 토양호흡 쳄버를 이용하여 연변화를 측정하였고 단근처리 기법을 이용하여 토양호흡 중 약 24%가 뿌리호흡에서 기인한 것으로 추정되었다. 이와 더불어 장마와 태풍으로 인한 다양한 강도의 강우가 발생한 7월 말부터 9월 말까지 휴대용 토양호흡 측정기를 이용하여 관측지 내 단근처리구와 단근 및 강우차단처리구에서 종속영양생물호흡을 측정하였다. 토양수분함량의 경우 고강도의 강우가 며칠씩 이어지더라도 20%를 초과하지 않았다. 이는 강수가 상대적으로 적은 시기에는 수목활성이나 토양미생물의 활성에 영향을 미칠 것으로 추정된다. 강우 강도가 10 mm 이하의 저강도 강우에서는 종속영양생물호흡이 약 14.4% 상승하였으나 10 mm 이상의 고강도 강우조건에서는 종속영양생물호흡이 25.5% 감소하였다. 이는 강우 강도에 따라 종속영양생물호흡의 배출 양상이 달라짐을 보여주었다.