• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.1730-1747
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• 2018

Multi-view video plus depth (MVD) is a mainstream format of 3D scene representation in free viewpoint video systems. The advanced 3D extension of the high efficiency video coding (3D-HEVC) standard introduces new prediction tools to improve the coding performance of depth video. However, the depth video in 3D-HEVC is time consuming. To reduce the complexity of the depth video inter coding, we propose a fast coding unit (CU) size and mode decision algorithm. First, an off-line trained Bayesian model is built which the feature vector contains the depth levels of the corresponding spatial, temporal, and inter-component (texture-depth) neighboring largest CUs (LCUs). Then, the model is used to predict the depth level of the current LCU, and terminate the CU recursive splitting process. Finally, the CU mode search process is early terminated by making use of the mode correlation of spatial, inter-component (texture-depth), and inter-view neighboring CUs. Compared to the 3D-HEVC reference software HTM-10.0, the proposed algorithm reduces the encoding time of depth video and the total encoding time by 65.03% and 41.04% on average, respectively, with negligible quality degradation of the synthesized virtual view.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.1680-1691
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• 2009

To improve the quality of healthcare and build up the health delivery system, electronic health record system is important for healthcare institutions providing health services. However, the systems currently operated in domestic healthcare institutions use independent software interface with distributed environment for data search and process. Therefore, it raises an additional expense to buy or develop each interface module when there is a link to new system and the problem of complexity. To solve these problems, this study implemented the service oriented architecture basis for home nursing service and carried out an assessment. The study defined the process modeling and business requirements based on the scenario of service and drew 17 suitable services based on five verification items for service design. To draw the final service, seven services were selected by service litmus test (SLT). The study found that, by the improvement of business process for healthcare service support department, SOA based information system has an effect of time reduction of patient processing time. In conclusion, to enable the hospital information system to cope with various demands of healthcare consumers, it is necessary to consider the application of SOA technology which has excellent interoperability, reusability and maintenance.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.235-251
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• 2008

With the successful arrival of quality free/open source software, open source ISD(Information System Development) projects have been drawing attention from academic researchers. However, there have been few efforts to examine the managerial aspect of open source ISD projects. This study use a case research methodology to explores the management of open source projects, especially from the perspective of behavior control. Through data analysis and discussion, the study found that various practices related to behavior control were exercised to obtain participants' shared goals, although specific instances vary in each case. This finding is contradictory to the views of some researchers who suggested open source ISD projects lack behavior control. For more comprehensive understanding, however, future research should also include controls of open source projects in terms of outcome control and self-control.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.55-83
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmacopuncture and bee venom acupuncture for knee osteoarthritis. Methods: We searched for randomized controlled trials that investigated the effects of pharmacopuncture and bee venom acupuncture on knee osteoarthritis through the electronic databases including Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane, CiNii, CNKI, KMBASE, KISS, NDSL, and OASIS. Meta-analysis was performed by Review Manager software and the quality of included studies were assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results: A total of 20 articles with 1536 participants were identified. 12 trials about phamacopuncture and 8 trials about bee venom acupuncture showed significant improvement than sham treatment, western medicine treatment, and other Korean medicine treatment such as acupuncture in diverse scales. Six trials reported adverse events. Conclusions: These findings showed certain efficacy and safety of pharmacopuncture and bee venom acupuncture. It would be helpful for patients and Korean medicine doctors in the choice of the treatment for knee osteoarthritis. Well-designed studies with long term follow up and more number of participants should be conducted to strengthen the evidence of the use of pharmacopuncture and bee venom acupuncture.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.109-114
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• 2010

In this paper, we developed the web content of statistical analysis using statistical package and Active Server Page (ASP). A statistical package is very difficult to learn and use for non-statisticians, however, non-statisticians want to do analyze the data without learning statistical packages such as SAS, S-plus, and R. Therefore, we developed the web based statistical analysis contents using S-plus which is the popular statistical package and ASP. In real application, we developed the web content for various statistical analyses such as exploratory data analysis, analysis of variance, and time series on the web using water quality data. The developed statistical analysis web content is very useful for non-statisticians such as public service person and researcher. Consequently, combining a web based contents with a statistical package, the users can access the site quickly and analyze data easily.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.47-47
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• 2010

Over the past 20 years, constant progress in noise and vibration (NVH) engineering has enabled to constantly advance quality and comfort of operation and use of really any products - from automobiles to aircraft, to all kinds of industrial vehicles and machines - to the extend that for many products, supreme NVH performance has becomes part of its brand image in the market. At the same time, the product innovation agenda in the automotive, aircraft and really many other industries, has been extended very much in recent years by meeting ever more strict environmental regulations. Like in the automotive industry, the drive towards meeting emission and CO2 targets leads to very much accelerated adoption of new powertrain concepts (downsizing of ICE, hybrid-electrical...), and to new vehicle architectures and the application of new materials to reduce weight, which bring new challenges for not only maintaining but further improving NVH performance. This drives for innovation in NVH engineering, so as to succeed in meeting a product brand performance for NVH, while as the same time satisfying eco-constraints. Product innovation has also become increasingly dependent on the adoption of electronics and software, which drives for new solutions for NVH engineering that can be applied for NVH performance optimization of mechatronic products. Finally, relentless pressure to shorten time to market while maintaining overall product quality and reliability, mandates that the practice and solutions for NVH engineering can be optimally applied in all phases of product development. The presentation will first review the afore trends for product and process innovation, and discuss the challenges they represent for NVH engineering. Next, the presentation discusses new solutions for NVH engineering of products, so as to meet target brand values, while at the same time meeting ever more strict eco constraints, and this within a context of increasing adoption of electronics and controls to drive product innovation. NVH being very much defined by system level performance, these solutions implement the approach of "Model Based System Engineering" to increase the impact of system level analysis for NVH in all phases of product development: - At the Concept Phase, to be able to do business case analysis of new product concepts; to arrive at an optimized and robust product architecture (e.g. to hybrid powertrain lay-out, to optimize fuel economy); to enable target cascading, to subsystem and component level. - In Development Phase, to increase realism and productivity of simulation, so as to frontload virtual validation of components and subsystems and to further reduce reliance on physical testing. - During the final System Testing Phase, to enable subsystem testing by a combination of physical testing and simulation: using simulation models to simulate the final integration context when testing a subsystem, enabling to frontload subsystem testing before final system integration is possible. - To interconnect Mechanical, Electronical and Controls engineering, in all phases of development, by supporting model driven controls engineering (MIL, SIL, HIL). Finally, the presentation reviews examples of how LMS is implementing such new applications for NVH engineering with lead customers in Europe, Asia and US, with demonstrated benefits both in terms of shortening development cycles, and/or enabling a simulation based approach to reduce reliance on physical testing.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.503-517
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• 2010

Service-oriented computing, the effective paradigm for developing service applications by using reusable services, becomes popular. In service-oriented computing, service consumer has no responsibility for managing services, just invokes services what service providers are producing. On the other hand, service providers should manage any resources and data for service consumers can use the service anytime and anywhere. However, it is hard service providers manage the quality of the services because an unspecified number of service consumers. Therefore, service scalability for providing services with higher quality of services specified in a service level agreement becomes a potential problem in service-oriented computing. There have been many researches for scalability in network, database, and distributed computing area. But a research about a definition of service scalability and metrics of measuring service scalability is still not mature in service engineering area. In this paper, we construct a service network which connects multiple service nodes, and integrate all the resources to manage it. And we also present a service scalability framework for managing service scalability by using a mechanism of service migration or replication. In section 3, we, firstly, present the structure of the scalability management framework and basic functionalities. In section 4, we propose scalability enhancement mechanism which is needed to release functionality of the framework. In section 5, we design and implement the framework by using proposed mechanism. In section 6, we demonstrate the result of our case study which dynamically manages services in multi-nodes environment by applying our framework. Through the case study, we show the applicability of our scalability management framework and mechanism.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.183-193
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• 2007

School foodservice employees are involved with every aspect of ensuring that high quality meals are prepared and they influence student satisfaction. The objective of this study was to identify whether job satisfaction of cooks is affected by their relationships with management. Survey forms that were developed for foodservice dietitians and employees were interviewed. Questionnaires to measure job satisfaction were distributed to 30 schools in the Gyeonggi province and completed by 30 dietitians and 323 cooks. Foodservice cooks' job satisfaction was evaluated by measuring attitudes towards aspects of their job using the modified Smith method(1969). All items in the scales were coded by 4 Likert scale(1: nerver satisfied, 4: very satisfied), then grouped by using factor analyses. Statistical methods used in this study were a $x^2$-test, t-test with SPSS software(version 12.0). The study results were as follows; 1) The demographic data showed that 65.3% of respondents were in their 40s, 96% were married, 68.8% were high school graduates, and 93.5% were contracted employees. Regarding overall experience in their current workplace, 27.9% had been in their position over 5 years and 25.7% said less than 2 years. 2) Most of the school lunches was served in the classroom(73.3%). The cook working was rotated among the employees(90%). Most employees did not use a day's leave of absence per month because they were averse to burdening their coworkers. 3) There were no significant differences in job satisfaction between the cooks' self-evaluation scores(2.92) and those of the dietitians(2.92). Among the factors influencing job satisfaction, dietitians(2.10) perceived that cooks(1.99) were more satisfied with their salaries than was actually the case. The cooks(3.19) rated their level of work satisfaction higher than the dietitians(3.03) perceived it to be. Employees rated their relationship satisfaction as 3.50, but dietitians on the other hand rated it 3.37. Most of the cook respondents want a higher salary and a some kind of employment guarantee. This study provides foodservice managers information useful for design positions that will increase productivity. Future study is needed to determine the factors that will improve job satisfaction and satisfy the employees' needs, which in turn will improve school food service quality.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.25-37
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• 2002

The most important industrial application of gamma radiation in characterizing green compacts is the determination of the density. Examples are given where this method is applied in manufacturing technical components in powder metallurgy. The requirements imposed by modern quality management systems and operation by the workforce in industrial production are described. The accuracy of measurement achieved with this method is demonstrated and a comparison is given with other test methods to measure the density. The advantages and limitations of gamma ray densitometry are outlined. The gamma ray densitometer measures the attenuation of gamma radiation penetrating the test parts (Fig. 1). As the capability of compacts to absorb this type of radiation depends on their density, the attenuation of gamma radiation can serve as a measure of the density. The volume of the part being tested is defined by the size of the aperture screeniing out the radiation. It is a channel with the cross section of the aperture whose length is the height of the test part. The intensity of the radiation identified by the detector is the quantity used to determine the material density. Gamma ray densitometry can equally be performed on green compacts as well as on sintered components. Neither special preparation of test parts nor skilled personnel is required to perform the measurement; neither liquids nor other harmful substances are involved. When parts are exhibiting local density variations, which is normally the case in powder compaction, sectional densities can be determined in different parts of the sample without cutting it into pieces. The test is non-destructive, i.e. the parts can still be used after the measurement and do not have to be scrapped. The measurement is controlled by a special PC based software. All results are available for further processing by in-house quality documentation and supervision of measurements. Tool setting for multi-level components can be much improved by using this test method. When a densitometer is installed on the press shop floor, it can be operated by the tool setter himself. Then he can return to the press and immediately implement the corrections. Transfer of sample parts to the lab for density testing can be eliminated and results for the correction of tool settings are more readily available. This helps to reduce the time required for tool setting and clearly improves the productivity of powder presses. The range of materials where this method can be successfully applied covers almost the entire periodic system of the elements. It reaches from the light elements such as graphite via light metals (AI, Mg, Li, Ti) and their alloys, ceramics ($AI_20_3$, SiC, Si_3N_4, $Zr0_2$, ...), magnetic materials (hard and soft ferrites, AlNiCo, Nd-Fe-B, ...), metals including iron and alloy steels, Cu, Ni and Co based alloys to refractory and heavy metals (W, Mo, ...) as well as hardmetals. The gamma radiation required for the measurement is generated by radioactive sources which are produced by nuclear technology. These nuclear materials are safely encapsulated in stainless steel capsules so that no radioactive material can escape from the protective shielding container. The gamma ray densitometer is subject to the strict regulations for the use of radioactive materials. The radiation shield is so effective that there is no elevation of the natural radiation level outside the instrument. Personal dosimetry by the operating personnel is not required. Even in case of malfunction, loss of power and incorrect operation, the escape of gamma radiation from the instrument is positively prevented.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.29-38
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• 2021

The Internet including mobile networks is developing to overcoming the limitation of physical distance and providing or acquiring information from remote locations. However, the systems that use video as primary information require higher bandwidth for recognizing the situation in remote places more accurately through high-quality video as well as lower latency for faster interaction between devices and users. The emergence of the 5th generation mobile network provides features such as high bandwidth and precise location recognition that were not experienced in previous-generation technologies. In addition, the Mobile Edge Computing that minimizes network latency in the mobile network requires a change in the traditional system architecture that was composed of the existing smart device and high availability server system. However, even with 5G and MEC, since there is a limit to overcome the mobile network state fluctuations only by enhancing the network infrastructure, this study proposes a high-definition video streaming system in ultra-low latency based on the SRT protocol that provides Forward Error Correction and Fast Retransmission. The proposed system shows how to deploy software components that are developed in consideration of the nature of 5G and MEC to achieve sub-1 second latency for 4K real-time video streaming. In the last of this paper, we analyze the most significant factor in the entire video transmission process to achieve the lowest possible latency.