• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.69-76
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• 1999

A copper-tungsten sintered alloy(Cu-W) has been friction welded to a tough pitch copper in order to investigate the effect of upset pressure on friction weldability. Under the condition of friction time 0.8sec, upset pressure 150MPa, the tensile strength and Charpy impact value of the friction welded joint were 336MPa, $400KJ/m^2$ respectively. And highest temperature of the weld measured was below $800^{circ}K$ which is very lower than melting point of Cu($1356^{circ}K$). Under the same conditions, W grains picked up in Cu matrix from Cu-W profitably affected on these mechanical fracture, and were dispersed in Cu by plastic flow during brake time.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.848-854
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• 2002

The nonlinear characteristics for the hinge of a deployable missile control fin are investigated experimentally. The nonlinearity is caused by a worn or loose hinge and manufacturing tolerance and cannot be eliminated completely. The structural nonlinearity has an effect on the static and dynamic characteristics of the control fin. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the accurate nonlinear model for the hinge of the control fin. In the present study the existence of nonlinearities in the hinge is confirmed from the frequency response experiments such as tip random excitation and base sine sweep. Using the system identification method, especially, “Force-State Mapping Technique”, the types of nonlinearities are identified and the nonlinear hinge model of the control fin is established.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.852-859
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• 1995

Vacuum cooling were carried out for freshness keeping of shiitake mushroom. Shiitake mushroom was cooled within 30 minutes from $20.5^{\circ}C$ to $0.5^{\circ}C$ by vacuum cooling, and then temperature drop of $6.6^{\circ}C$ per weight loss of 1% was taken place during precooling. Weight loss, surface discoloration and softening were reduced by precooling. Judging from organoleptic properties such as cap opening, discoloration, texture and off-flavor, shelf-life of precooled mushroom was lengthed by 20% than that of non-treated mushrooms. Considering effect of packing material on freshness of shiitake mushroom after precooling, weight retention, hardness and organoleptic properties of mushroom packed with PVC wrap were superior to those packed in carton box.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.241-244
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of stress corrosion cracking(SCC) and acoustic emission(AE) signals for the weld HAZ of HT-60 steel under corrosion control in synthetic seawater. Corrosive environment was controlled by potentiostat, and SCC experiment was conducted using a slow strain rate test method at strain rate of 10$^{-5}$ /sec. In order to verify the miroscopic fracture behaviour of the weldment during SCC phenomena, AE test was done simultaneously. Besides, correlationship between mechanical parameters and AE ones was investigated. In case of the parent, reduction of area(ROA) at -0.5V was samller than any other applied voltage such as -0.8V and -1.1V. In addition, reduction of area for the PWHT specimens at -0.8mV was larger than that of the weldment due to the softening effect according to PWHT. In case of the weldment, a lots of events was produced because of the singularities of the weld HAZ compared with the parent.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.623-630
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• 1988

As a function of the composition and content of frit, the electrical property of Ag and Ag/Pd thick film conductors were investigated with microstructure. With increasing sintering temperature in Ag-frit thick film conductors, electrical sheet resistivity decreased, but again increased above 80$0^{\circ}C$. And when frit contents is 5wt%, compact and homogenious microstructure can be obtained, then electrical sheet resistivity has minimum value. In Ag/Pd-frit film conductor, the electrical sheet resistivity decreased with increasing sintering temperature. The system which having frit with low softing point has lower sheet resistivity then to add high softening point frit.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.854-859
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• 2008

This study describes the aging behavior of soils and its mechanism, which have been reported in the literatures mainly by Mitchell(1986) and Schmertmann(1991). It could be known that aging of soils has both positive and negative effects on mechanical properties of soils. In order to show aging effects on dam behavior, a parametric study was carried out based considering the presence of a weak area within clay core zone of the fill dam. From the comparison of results obtained from numerical analysis and filed investigation, age-softening phenomena occurred within core zone during about 30 years after its completion.

• Interaction and multiscale mechanics
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.317-328
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• 2008

When carbon-filled rubber specimens are subjected to cyclic loading, they do not return to their initial state after loading and subsequent unloading, but exhibit a residual strain or permanent deformation. We propose a specific form of the pseudo-elastic energy function to represent cyclic loading for incompressible, isotropic materials with stress softening and residual strain. The essence of the pseudo-elasticity theory is that material behaviour in the primary loading path is described by a common elastic strain energy function, and in unloading, reloading or secondary unloading paths by a different strain energy function. The switch between strain energy functions is controlled by the incorporation of a damage variable into the strain energy function. An extra term is added to describe the permanent deformation. The finite element implementation of the proposed model is presented in this paper. All parameters in the proposed model and elastic law can be easily estimated based on experimental data. The numerical analyses show that the results are in good agreement with experimental data.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.641-644
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• 2010

프리스트레싱 시스템이 도입된 구조물의 사용수명이 오래됨에 따라, 이들 구조물의 잔존수명 평가와 보수 및 보강 등의 유지관리 차원에서 프리스트레싱 시스템의 현재 긴장력에 대한 평가는 매우 중요한 현안이 되어왔다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 프리스트레싱 시스템의 현재 긴장력을 평가하기 위한 첫 단계로서 프리스트레싱 시스템의 긴장력이 구조계의 강성에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 이를 위하여 부착식 텐던 형식의 프리스트레싱 시스템이 도입된 시험체를 대상으로 SIMO sine sweep test를 수행하고 긴장력과 시험체의 유효 강성에 대한 상관성을 규명하였다. 그 결과, 프리스트레싱 시스템의 긴장력은 시험체의 유효강성을 증가시키며, 저차 고유진동수가 긴장력과 높은 상관성을 지니는 것으로 나타났다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.515-545
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• 2015

The paper presents results of FE simulations of the strain-rate sensitive concrete behaviour under dynamic loading at the macroscopic level. To take the loading velocity effect into account, viscosity, stress modifications and inertial effects were included into a rate-independent elasto-plastic formulation. In addition, a decrease of the material stiffness was considered for a very high loading velocity to simulate fragmentation. In order to ensure the mesh-independence and to properly reproduce strain localization in the entire range of loading velocities, a constitutive formulation was enhanced by a characteristic length of micro-structure using a non-local theory. Numerical results were compared with corresponding laboratory tests and available analytical formulae.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.612-619
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• 2016

Pitch synthesis reaction was studied based on the effect for chemical composition of feedstock. Feedstock was selected as pyrolyzed fuel oil (PFO) and coal-tar (CT), which are by-products in petroleum and steel industry. Pitch was prepared at $420^{\circ}C$ for 180 minutes on atmospheric pressure by thermal treatment. Thermal stability and softening point (SP) of the prepared pitches were investigated and their molecular weight distribution was analyzed by MALDI-TOF. PFO has various aliphatic compounds and coal-tar has high aromaticity with 3 wt% of primary quinoline insolubles. The thermal property of PFO was enhanced with polymerization reaction during the thermal treatment with increased molecular weight range. But CT was inferior to PFO because of side reaction by hetero elements. CTP was appeared molecular weight by 0~200 m/z.