• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.456-461
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• 1997

Sodium lactateand sodium citrate, traditional food preservatives, were added to extend the shelf-life of the loow-salted Myungran-jeot, and various chemical and microbiological analyses were carried out with Muungran-jeot, and various chemical and microbiological analyses were carried out with Myungran-jeot femented at 1$0^{\circ}C$. pH was decreased in the beginning stage of fermentation and then increased, whereas the content of lactic acid was increased during fermentation. But, lactic acid production of the low-salted Myungran-jeot with preservative were lower than control. The NH$_2$-N content of the low-salted Myungran-jot with sodium citrate was increased in the beginning of fermentation and then decreased. Sodium citrate inhibited the productions of VBN and TMA during the fermentation of Myungran-jeot, whereas sodium lactate inhibited the productions of VBN and TBA. Sodium lactate inhibited the growths of proteolytic bacteris and fungi. The estimated shelf-lives of the Myungran-jeot with control, sodium lactate, and sodium citrate were about 11, 13, and 13 days, respectively.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.277-284
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• 2002

Lansoprazole, pharmaceutics for acid-related diseases, is unstable in low pH environments and generally coated with enteric polymer to obtain gastroresistance in stomach. Because its storage stability is influenced by acidic substitutes of enteric polymer, alkaline chemicals wεre generally addεd to dosage form as a stabilizer. In this experience, we coated lansoprazole bead with sodium alginate and evaluated the effect of bead size and sodium alginate coating on the storage stability and dissolution profile of lansoprazole. Sodium alginate solution containing lansoprazole was sprayed as a droplet into 3% (w/v) $CaCl_2$ solution and the resultant bead was coated with starch, sodium alginate, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate. The content of lansoprazole granule not coated with sodium alginate decreased to 57.96% of initial content when stored at a severe condition for 4 weeks, but that of lansoprazole granule coated with sodium alginate before enteric coating decreased little and as the thickness of sodium alginate film increased, the content of bead didn't decreased for 4 weeks. Sodium alginate film also improved the gastroresistance without much influencing the maximum dissolution rate.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.269-281
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• 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the frequency of convenience food consumption at convenience stores (CVS) and the CVS usage patterns of middle and high school students as well as to understand students' attitude toward sodium and sugar reduction. Methods: We used an online questionnaire for data collection. The questionnaire comprised five distinct categories: general characteristics, CVS usage, frequency of consumption according to convenience food menus at CVS, attitude toward sodium and sugar reduction, and adherence to dietary guidelines. Results: A total of 75 students from Seoul (14 middle school students and 61 high school students) participated in the study. Most respondents visit CVS 3-5 times a week. CVS are predominantly used during weekdays, mostly during lunch, and dinner. The students mostly checked the caloric content and expiration date as food labeling information. The participants were aware of the need to reduce their sugar and sodium intake. Among frequent CVS convenience food consumers, there was an increased consideration of the need to reduce their sugar and sodium consumption, despite their actual selection of foods with high sugar and sodium content. Additionally, they did not check the sugar and sodium levels indicated in food labeling. Further, the dietary action guide from the Ministry of Health and Welfare were poorly followed by most students. Conclusions: There is a need for nutrition education specifically addressing the sugar and sodium content of the convenience foods predominantly consumed by students. Additionally, educating students with frequent convenience food consumption to actively check the sugar and sodium information on food labels could help promote healthier food choices.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.459-469
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• 2013

This study was performed to estimate the salt content and evaluate the nutritional quality of free lunch meals served by welfare facilities for the elderly. We collected food items from 8 welfare facilities in Gyeonggi-do, and calculated the total salt content from the salinity and weight of individual food items. The average salt content from lunch meals was 5.68 g, which was over the recommended daily salt intake by the WHO. The greatest contributor to the salt content among the menu groups was soup and stew (37.5%). Soup, stew, deep-fried foods, and sauces were major sources of salt, while the most salty dishes were sauces, deep-fried food, salt-fermented food, and kimchi. The nutrient content was sufficient, except for calcium in both men and women, which was equal to approximately 1/3 of the dietary recommended intakes (DRIs) for Korean adults of their mean age. In addition, the index of nutritional quality (INQ) and nutrient adequacy ratios (NAR) of most nutrients were satisfactory, except for those of calcium and sodium. The INQs of calcium and sodium were 0.64 and 4.41, respectively, while the mean adequacy ratio of a meal was 0.95. These results suggest that multilateral efforts to lower sodium intake be considered and calcium sources be added, in order to improve the quality of meals served to the elderly at welfare facilities.

• 약학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 1978

The method that changes sodium cloxacillin from amorphous form to hydrate form was investigated. Using organic solvents of which dielectric constants are greater than 9, the amorphous sodium cloxacillin could be changed to hydrate form. The difference of water content of sodium cloxacillin hydrate caused the differences of ir spectrum at $3,350~3,360cm_{-1}$, and owing to the decrease of water content, hydrate form was changed to the morphous form, which could be identified by x-ray diffraction pattern. Regarding the stability of sodium cloxacillin in activity, the hydrate form was stable but the amorphous form was very unstable. Moreover, the stable hydrate form was scarcely hygroscopic, while the other form was hygroscopic, becoming a fused state ar $50^{\circ}$. and R.H. 50%.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.185-193
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• 2019

본 연구는 나트륨 저감화를 위한 나트륨 함량과 염도 기준치를 제시하기 위하여 국내 장류 4종과 고나트륨 한식대표 음식 16종에 대하여 전국 4개 권역, 10개 지역의 가정식, 단체급식과 외식 음식의 1인 분량, 나트륨 함량과 염도를 분석하였고, 그 결과를 바탕으로 가정식과 단체급식을 위한 나트륨 및 염도의 저감 기준치를 제안하였다. 장류의 저감화 염도 기준으로 간장 12%, 된장 9%, 고추장 5%, 쌈장 6% 이하로 제안하였고, 장류 100 g의 나트륨 함량 기준은 간장 4,500 mg 이하, 된장 3,500 mg 이하, 고추장 2,000 mg 이하, 쌈장 2,500 mg 이하로 제안하였다. 음식군별 나트륨 저감 염도는 국 탕 찌개류에서는 맑은 국류 0.5%, 맑은 탕류가 0.6%, 토장국류, 일반 탕류 및 찌개류 0.7%, 토장찌개류 0.8%로 제안하였다. 어육류의 찜류와 볶음류는 0.9% 이하, 조림류는 1.0% 이하, 채소류를 포함한 기타 조림류는 1.5% 이하, 장아찌류, 배추김치와 총각김치는 모두 1.5% 이하, 건어물 볶음류는 4.0% 이하로 제안하였다. 음식군별 1인분 나트륨 함량 저감 기준은 맑은 국 400 mg 이하, 토장국 500 mg 이하, 맑은 탕류 400 mg 이하, 일반 탕류 550 mg 이하, 토장찌개류 600 mg 이하, 일반 찌개류 450 mg이하, 어육류 찜류 600 mg 이하, 어육류 볶음류 450 mg 이하, 건어물 볶음류 250 mg 이하, 어육류 조림류 350 mg 이하, 채소 조림류 150 mg 이하, 장아찌류, 김치류 (배추김치와 총각김치)는 200 mg 이하로 제안하였다. 본 연구에서는 제안한 장류의 염도와 100 g 당 나트륨 저감 기준 및 고나트륨 한식대표 음식의 1인 분량 및 1인분 나트륨 함량과 염도 저감 기준은 가정식과 단체급식의 저염 조리 시 가이드가 될 것이며, 범국민 나트륨 저감화 교육자료로도 활용되어 나트륨 섭취 저감화 실현에 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.63-69
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• 1987

Silk fibroin is likely to be hydrolyzed by acids or alkalies at high temperature, and the degree of the hydrolysis has been inferred from the changes in tensile strength and elongation. But, in this experiment, it was intended to infer that from the quantitative changes in terminal aminp group content as well as in tensile strength and elongation. Silk yarn was treated with boiling water, hydrochloric acid, and sodium hydroxide under various conditions. The boiling water somewhat degraded silk fibroin. Silk yarn treated with sodium hydroxide contained more terminal amino group than that treated with hydrochloric acid. This result agreed fairly well with the loss in weight, tensile strength, and elongation: the terminal amino group content increased with the decrease of tensile strength, elongation, and weight. The damage by sodium hydroxide to the silk fibroin was greater than that by hydrochloric acid.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.22-31
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• 1992

병원식 중 고혈압 환자를 위한 저염식 내의 고혈압에 영향을 끼치는 식이성 요인인 Na, K, Mg, Ca, Mg을 측정하고, 식이 성분표를 이용하여 무기성분을 계산한 다른보고와 비교하여 실제 함량을 파악하고, 저염식과 일반식을 비교하여 공급량의 실태를 조사 하였다. 이러한 연구는 고혈압 환자를 위한 저염식 식단 작성시의 기준을 구하고 기존 자료의 실제 활용면에 기초가 되며, 고혈압 환자의 치료와 예방에 도움이 되고자 한다. 대구직할시 C종합병원에서 1990년 6월 26일에서 28일 사이에 일반식과 저염식 각각 3일분을 채취하여 식이내 Na, K, Mg, Ca, Mg의 함량을 측정하였으며 그결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 1일 열량 섭취랑은 일반식과 저염식 모두 2300kcal를 기준으로 하였다. 2) NA의 1일 섭취량은 일반식은 3580.3mg, 저염식은 2510.0mg이다. 3) K의 1일 섭취량은 일반식은 676.1mg, 저염식은 2510.0mg이다. 3) K의 1일 섭취량은 일반식은 676.1mg, 저염식은 1132.9mg이다. 일반식과 저염식 모두 미국인 정상인을 위한 최저요구량에 미달되었고, Na/K의 섭취비도 1에 가깝게 낮춰야 하므로 K의 섭취를 증가시켜야 고혈압 환자의 치료와 예방에 효과가 클 것으로 사료된다. 4) Ca의 1일 섭취량은 일반식은 662.9mg, 저염식은 605.4mg이다. 일반식과 저염식 모두 정상인을 위한 권장량에 가깝고 고혈압에는 Ca섭취를 증가시켜야 하므로 유제품의 섭취가 증가되어야 할것이다. 5) Mg의 1일 섭취량은 일반식은 443.1mg, 저염식은 278.7mg이다. 일반식은 미국인 권장량 보다 높고 저염식은 권장량에 가깝다. 고혈압에는 Mg의 섭취를 증가시키는 것이 더욱 바람직하다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.761-770
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• 2019

Two experiments were conducted to determine how much sodium in food could be detected using a salinity meter. First, the salinity of mixed solutions of 0 to 6% sugar, 0 to 5% oil, and 0 to 6.4% MSG in a 1% NaCl solution was measured using a salinity meter and a Mohr titration method, and the results were compared with the calculated sodium expectations. As a result, the sodium contents of the sugar solutions and MSG solutions measured using a salinity meter were lower than the expected concentrations at 2% or more and 0.8% or more, respectively (p<0.05). The salinity of the 18 HMR products was measured in the same way, and the results were then compared with the sodium contents of the nutrition facts. The average sodium content of all products measured using the salinity meter and Mohr method was 1.12 times and 1.06 times the sodium content of the nutrition facts, respectively. On the other hand, the differences between the products were significant. The correlation coefficients between the nutrition facts and salinity meter, the nutrition facts and the Mohr method, and the salinity meter and Mohr method were 0.885, 0.920, and 0.950, respectively (p<0.01).

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.771-777
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• 2017

된장은 대두를 주원료로 하는 한국의 대표적인 전통발효 식품임이나, 국민건강영양조사에서 고나트륨을 가지는 식품군에 분류되었다. 각종 질병의 원인이 될 수 있는 나트륨 과다섭취에 대한 저나트륨 된장의 개발이 필요한 실정으로, 품질에 크게 영향이 없이도 나트륨 함량이 적은 장류의 개발은 지속적으로 연구되어야 하는 과제이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 나트륨 함량을 12.5%-45%까지 저감하도록 실험을 설계하여 적용하여 된장 담금을 진행하였으며, 그 품질적 특성을 분석하고자 하였다. 나트륨의 저감화가 된장의 관능적 품질에 영향을 미치는지 pH, 염도 및 수분, 나트륨함량, 색도, 아미노산성 질소함량, 유리아미노산, 구성아미노산조성을 평가하여, 그 특성을 비교 분석하였다. 나트륨의 저감화는 pH와 수분, 염도에 크게 영향을 미치지 않았으며, 대조구와 같은 범위에서의 품질을 유지하였다. 나트륨함량은 실제로 비례적으로 감소되었으며, 아미노산성 질소는 500 mg%수준이었다. 대량으로 된장업체에서 제조한 25% 저염된 된장의 대체소재를 사용하는 것은 최종 된장의 나트륨함량을 줄이면서도 된장의 품질에 큰 영향을 미치지 않을 것으로 사료된다.