• Korean Journal of Artificial Intelligence
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.7-16
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• 2024

This study aims to explore driving factors of Artificial Intelligence application for city marketing strategy with perspectives of millennials and generation Z. This study proposed the following research questions: i) how perceived place branding factor, public service factor, affective factor, immersive experience factor, cognitive factor, cost benefit factor, social networking factor, and promotional value factor affect attitude toward AI application for city marketing; and ii) how attitude affect satisfaction and prospect toward AI application for city marketing? This study conducted an online survey with the assistance of a well-known research agency and applied factor and regression analysis to test hypotheses. The results found that effects of place branding, cognitive, social networking, and promotional value affect attitude significantly in the case of millennials, while effects of public service, affective, cost benefit, social networking, and promotional value affect attitude significantly in the case of generation Z. The results found that effects of attitude on satisfaction and prospect of AI showed significance. The results provide implications and different aspects for AI application of city marketing strategy with perspectives by generations, while millennials and generation Z perceived effects of promotional value as the most significant factor for AI application of city marketing strategy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.12
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• pp.1927-1938
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• 2008

Companies can build a close relationship by providing benefits that consumers want. As long relationships between consumer and company are stressed these days, it is very important for the growth and development of companies to assess what benefits consumers perceive and how they reflect them to their buying behaviors. Thus, this study aims to examine the relational benefits that consumers perceive in internet clothing purchase and how these perceived relational benefits affects relational commitment and customer loyalty. This study surveyed 343 male and female in their 20s and 30s for empirical analysis who have ever purchased clothing through internet shopping malls. Descriptive statistics, factor analysis, ANOVA analysis, Duncan test, and ${\chi}^2$-test are carried out using SPSS for Windows 12.0 for statistical analysis. The results are as follows. First, the dimensions of relational benefits perceived by consumers in internet clothing purchase are found 6 including customization, economic, psychological, social, shopping convenience, and informational. Second, consumers' perception of relational benefits significantly affect on relational commitment and loyalty, thus consumers with greater recognition of relational benefits have higher relational commitment and loyalty. Third, based on the dimensions of consumer's perceived relational benefit, consumers are categorized into 6 types: group perceiving social benefit, group perceiving economic/shopping convenience benefit, group perceiving shopping convenience benefit, group perceiving customization benefit, group perceiving informational benefit, and group perceiving psychological benefit. The group perceiving customization benefits have higher relational commitment and loyalty than the others. It is expected that this study will help internet companies establish customer relationship management strategies, which are needed to promote relationships with customers and to enhance customers' loyalty to internet shopping malls.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.134-145
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• 2015

Objectives: An objective of this study was to perform a risk assessment and social cost-benefit analysis for revising permissible exposure limits for seven substances: Nickel(Insoluble inorganic compounds), benzene, carbon disulfide, formaldehyde, cadmium(as compounds), trichloroethylene, touluene-2,4-diisocyanate. Materials and Methods: The research methods were divided into risk and hazard assessment and cost-benefit analysis. The risk and hazard assessment for the seven substances consists of four steps: An overview of GHS MSDS(1st), review of document of ACGIH's TLVs (2nd), comparison between international occupational exposure limits and domestic permissible exposure limits(3rd), and analysis of excess workplace and excess rate for occupational exposure limits based on previous work environment measurement data(4th). Total cost was estimated using cost of local exhaust ventilation, number of excess workplace and penalties for exceeding a permissible exposure limit. On the other hand, total benefit was calculated using the reduction rate of occupational disease, number of workplaces treating each substance and industrial accident compensation. Finally, the net benefit was calculated by subtracting total cost from total benefit. Results: All the substances investigated in this study were classified by CMR(Carcinogens, Mutagens or Reproductive toxicants) and their international occupational exposure limits were stricter than the domestic permissible exposure limits. As a result of excess rate analysis, trichloroethylene was the highest at 11%, whereas nickel was the lowest at 0.5%. The excess rates of all substances except for trichloroethylene were observed at less than 10%. Among the seven substances, the total cost was highest for trichloroethylene and lowest for carbon disulfide. The benefits for the seven substances were higher than costs estimated based on strengthening current permissible exposure limits. Thus, revising the permissible exposure limits of the seven substances was determined to be acceptable from a social perspective. Conclusions: The final revised permissible exposure limits suggested for the seven substances are as follows: $0.2mg/m^3$ for nickel, 0.5 ppm(TWA) and 2.5 ppm(STEL) for benzene, 1 ppm(TWA) for carbon disulfide, $0.01mg/m^3$(TWA) for cadmium, 10 ppm(TWA) and 25 ppm(STEL) for trichloroethylene, 0.3 ppm(TWA) for formaldehyde, and 0.005 ppm(TWA) and 0.02 ppm(STEL) for toluene diisocynate(isomers).

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.14
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• pp.6055-6059
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• 2015

Background: Medication policy development in Thailand is continually promoting rational drug use. Letrozole, an endocrine therapy drug, is usually prescribed for post-menopausal status early and advanced stage breast cancer. After Ministry of Public Health announced Letrozole as compulsory licensed drug in 2009, more breast cancer patients can access to this drug at low cost especially those within universal coverage schemes. To ensure that Letrozole is rationally prescribed, the drug utilization study was conducted. Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the appropriate use of Letrozole in breast cancer and the relationship between appropriate use and health benefit schemes. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study to evaluate use of Letrozole in breast cancer patients was performed for six months between January - June 2010 in seven regional cancer hospitals, Thailand. All prescriptions of Letrozole were identified from pharmacy dispensing databases and prescription papers. A medical record review was also performed to evaluate appropriate use referring to the drug use evaluation criteria. The approved criterion of this study was referred from the guideline of Thai National Formulary version 2010. Results: There were 681 prescriptions of Letrozole for 254 breast cancer patients with an average age of $58.6{\pm}10.0years$. The patients in universal coverage scheme (UCS), civil servant medication benefit scheme (CSMBS) and social security scheme (SSS) were 77.7%, 18.5% and 8.7% respectively. 10.6% were prescribed Letrozole for the first time. Letrozole were prescribed by oncologists (82.8%). The average number of tablets per prescription was $58{\pm}10$. Calcium supplements were prescribed concomitant with Letrozole for 19.4%. To assess drug use evaluation criteria, 45 prescriptions were excluded because of uncompleted clinical data, 636 prescriptions were evaluated. The study showed 86 prescriptions (13.5%) with inappropriate use including 6 (0.9%) not prescribed for estrogen receptor (ER) and/or progesterone receptor (PR) positive, 31 (4.9%) not prescribed for post-menopausal and 49 (7.7%) not prescribed for an appropriate duration. Appropriate use percentages in different health benefit schemes were similar, 85.7% of CSMBS, 86.4% of SSS and 86.7% of UCS. The relationship between health benefit scheme and appropriate use of Letrozole was not significantly different, ${\chi}^2$ (2, N = 636) = 0.081, p > 0.05. Conclusions: The study showed inappropriate use in breast cancer patients because of non-compliance with duration, menopausal status and hormone receptor requirements. To prescribe appropriate indication did not referred to the appropriate practice along the treatment. Drug use evaluation proved very useful for detecting the sign of inappropriate use and allows immediate feedback to the stakeholder for developing medication policy in the future. Importantly, there was no significantly difference in appropriate use of Letrozole across health benefit schemes.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.23-38
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• 2019

The National Land Census Project aims to survey the national land regularly to resolve the land category disagreement and reflect the actual land use. The objective of this study is to investigate whether not only the National Land Census Project but also related land and housing surveys bring about the improvement of social welfare in light of the invested budget, and to measure the project feasibility. The potential benefit after the National Land Census Project is not traded in the market. To determine the economic value of this potential benefit, the Contingent Valuation Method was used. This study utilized the single-bounded and double-bounded dichotomous choice models simultaneously to estimate the project feasibility of the cadastral system improvement. According to this study, cost-benefit ratio of the project was estimated larger than 1, which means that social benefits are larger than social costs.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.29-46
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the economic validity of artificial reefs facilities and seeds release programs in Jeju Trial Sea Farm Project for raising fishing people's revenue. The results of this study show the artificial reefs facilities and seeds release programs have net present value of 15,962.63 million won, internal rate of retrurn 13.86%, and benefit-cost of 1.912 under a 5.5% social discount rate. This suggests that in Jeju trial sea farm project, artificial reefs facilities and seeds release programs increase fisherperson's revenue.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.30-38
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• 2017

Background: This study aims to analyze the behavioral changes of healthcare providers and influencing factors after the reviewer unification of auto insurance medical benefit claims by an independent review agency. Methods: The comparison data were collected from the second half of 2013 and the same period of 2014. The key indicators are the number of admission days, the number of outpatient visits, inpatient ratio, inpatient medical expenses, and outpatient medical expenses. Results: Four indicators (number of admission days, number of outpatient visits, inpatient ratio, and outpatient medical expenses) showed statistically significant drops, while one indicator (inpatient medical expenses) showed no significant change. Conclusion: The reviewer unification of auto insurance medical benefit claims by an independent review agency showed significant reduction in cost and patient days.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.15 no.3 s.39
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• pp.321-334
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• 1991

The main object of this study was to clarify the concept, scheme, an dimensions of the clothing evaluatie criteria, and to organize its theoretical framework accordingly. The research was carried out in tow ways. The first research was investigated by the critical evaluation of the existing literature, while the other research was investigated by an empirical survey study. The questionnaire was developed for the empirical study. The questionnaire was administered to 640 housewives living in Seoul area during the fall of 1988. Social wear was selected according to the defined times, place, and occasion. As a result of the literature study, the first research problem, the clothing evaluative criteria was loud to exist at three different level - benefit level, element level, and intemediate level -. The colthing evaluative criteria at the benefit le·eel were loud to include four different dimensions-fashionbility, status symbolism, practicality, and economy. The validity of the benefit dimensions was established by the empirical confirmation utilizing factor analysis technique.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.600-603
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• 2005

U.S. National Research Council proposed benefits framework for energy R&D project as economic benefits, environmental benefits, security benefits and knowledge benefits. Following this framework, U.S. National Renewable Energy Laboratory evaluated the projected benefits of Federal Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Programs in the indicators of energy-expenditure savings, energy system cost savings, $CO_2$ emissions reductions. oil savings, natural gas saving and avoided additions to central conventional power. As this result, geothermal energy have predominant position in the energy-expenditure savings, natural gas saving and avoided addi t ions to central conventional power to FY2050. The projected benefits, in monetary value, of the whole supply-potential of geothermal energy in Korea were evaluated as 480.2 billion Won, 43.1 billion Won and 135.8 billion Won for the private energy-cost savings, social environmental-cost savings, and import energy-cost saving, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.11
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• pp.1839-1852
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• 2009

This study investigates the effects of benefits pursued to clothing on the purchase intention of wellbeing oriented apparel products (eco-friendly and health-functional apparel). Data were collected from a total of 251 Korean females ranging from 20 to 50 years old and analyzed by SEM. Pragmatic benefit positively affected but aesthetical benefits negatively affected the purchase intention of eco-friendly apparel and health-functional apparel. The social benefit influenced the purchase intention of health-functional apparel but did not influence the purchase intention of eco-friendly apparel.