• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.15-27
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• 1997

This paper reviews the concept and limits of rural community development, examines the relation between consciousness education and movement, and suggests the model of social consciousness education to rural community movement. Since consciousness education is closely related to social movement methodologically, organizational and systematic community development movements for re-structuring the urban-oreiented policies and education which back up them be followed as natural consequence. Based upon the results of this study, the new paradigm is suggested. As shown in the model, new understanding of urban-rural continuum theory, new roles and concept of social consciousness education should be emphasized to solve the contemporary rural community problems. The organizational community development movement for the rural-oriented policy should be an essential process, and peoples' re-orientation, such as 'breaking stereotype', 'assumming a critical thinking toward social reality' etc., is the indispensible background of successful movement.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.439-448
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• 2017

Facial expression is important factor on social interaction. Facial muscle movement provides emotion information to develop social network. However, facial movement has less determined to recognize social emotion. This study is to analyze facial micro-movements and to recognize the social emotion such as intimacy, empathy, and valence. 76 university students were presented to the stimuli for social emotions and was measure their facial expression using camera. As a results, facial micro-movement. showed significant difference of social emotion. After extracting the movement amount of 3 unconscious muscles and 18 conscious muscles, Dominant Frequency band was confirmed. While muscle around the nose and cheek showed significant difference in the intimacy, one around mouth did in the empathy and one around jaw in the valence. The results proposed new facial movement to express social emotion in virtual avatars and to recognize social emotion.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.268-291
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• 2014

Social media is becoming more and more important in social movements. This study, adopting the web mining approach, attempts to investigate how social media, Facebook in particular, functioned in the "May 25 Protest" and the "May 27 Protest", two movements which broke out in Macao on 25 and 27 May 2014, respectively, against the Retirement Package Bill. In the two protests, Macao residents deployed Facebook to share information and motivated people's participation. Twelve events (181,106 people invited) and 36 groups/pages (41,266 members) related on Facebook were examined. Results showed that the information flow on Facebook fluctuated in accordance with the event development in reality. Multiple patterns of manifestation, such as video of adopted news or songs, designed profile (protest icon), original ironic pictures, self-organized clubs by undergraduates and white T-shirts as a symbol, among others, appeared online and interacted with offline actions. It was also found that social media assisted the information diffusion and provided persuasive reasons for netizens to join the movement. Social media helped to expand movement influence in providing a platform for diversified performances for actions taken in a protest, which could express and develop core and consistent movement repertoire.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2019

The aim of this article is to critically explore the history, methods, characteristics and cause mechanism of Korean farmers' movement who resisted to market globalization from the perspective of social movement theory. I believe that the most influential elements of Korean farmers' movement are three structural elements; namely resentment, political opportunity structure, and media and discourse. Therefore, focusing on the three elements, I analyze the emergence and expansion of the Korean farmers' movement against market globalization from 1993 to 2008. And I analyze the roles of these three structural elements which played in farmers' social movement in South Korea. Particularly, this article analyses in perspective of market globalization and government trust crisis about the basic reason why Korean farmers' movement was so fierce in process of agricultural market globalization.

• Journal of East-Asian Urban History
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• v.1
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• pp.55-80
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• 2019

The New Culture Movement marked the dawning of a turbulent era in China. By the time of May Fourth Movement, the cultural contradiction and confliction grew into an extensive and enduring social movement extending deep and far-reaching influence on the Chinese society. The huge difference and contradiction existing between the Beijing and Shanghai cultures contributed to the outbreak of this social movement. To be specific, there was an active human and information exchange involving the two leading Chinese cities and at the same time the old and new cultures, thoughts and moralities constantly acted upon each other.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.65 no.2
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• pp.255-285
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• 2013

The aim of this study is to demonstrate how Self-Sufficiency Promotion Centers (SSP Centers) run by social movement groups have struggled to defend their voluntary identities in conflict with SSP Centers operated by professional social welfare centers. Since political democratization, social movement groups have been increasing invited to run frontline public welfare agencies in South Korea, and Self-Sufficiency Program is one of the representative policies in which social movement groups have actively partaked. But many critical scholars have warned that such institutionalization of social movements into social welfare system is likely to dampen their voluntary nature and force them to render their hegemonic power to professional social welfare institutions. In contrast to the critical viewpoint, however, this study unveils how social movement-based SSP Centers have strived to tackle the professionalization pressure by deploying various survival strategies at the micro level. Through a historical discourse analysis on the frontline conflicts between social movement-based and social welfare-based SSP Centers, this study contends that social movement groups in Self-Sufficiency Program can still maintain their traditional spirit despite the obvious professionalization phenomenon.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.33
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• pp.253-285
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• 2006

This study focuses on the on-line civic social movement which is based on the individual dimension. This kind of on-line social movement is organized voluntarily by the citizens who have the common concerns about issues and problems raised in the net. In the context, this paper analyzes what is the characteristics of discourse formed in the process of public discussion concerned about the anti-Nix movement. And, this study also analyzed who was processed the anti-Nix movement through which steps and what kinds of way in the case of anti-nix movement. Based on the research results, the anti-Nix movement is led by the organizer of the movement and the active participants of it. This study also found out that the various movement strategies of the site organizer were the major reasons of the success of anti-Nix movement. This study also found out that the discussion board of anti-Nix movement is close to the function and role of traditional public sphere rather than those of the swearwords and libels.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.129-138
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• 2021

Purpose : The purpose of this study has been performed to find the effect of psychomotorik program with voluntary movement activity on the development of social competence and physical exercise ability improvement in children with intellectual disability. Methods : This study was conducted with a similar group comparison study design to examine applicative effects of voluntary movement group psychomotor activities on body locomotion skills and social competence of intellectually disabled children. This study included 12 children with intellectual disability aged between 7 and 10 years. Experimental group was performed 50 minutes psychomotorik program for once a week during 12 weeks. Physical Exercise ability (TGMD-2) and changes in social competence were measured before and after the intervention program. Results : There were positive changes in social competence and physical exercise ability in the experimental and control groups before and after the intervention program. Only the experimental group showed significant difference in the pre and post measurement. There was a significant difference between the two groups before and after the intervention. Conclusion : Psychomotorik program with voluntary movement activity has a positive effect on the improvement of activity on the development of social competence and physical exercise ability improvement in children with intellectual disability. Accordingly, voluntary movement psychomotor activities programs can be utilized as a useful intervention method to improve the body locomotion skills of intellectually disabled children in the clinical and educational fields in the future.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.21-38
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• 2022

This study uses text mining compares and contrasts consumers' social media discourses on dietary related zero-waste movement before and after COVID-19. The results indicate that the amount of buzz on social networks for the zero- waste movement has been increasing after COVID-19. Additionally, the results of frequency analysis and topic modeling revealed that subjects associated with zero-waste movement were more diversified after COVID-19. Although the results of a sentiment analysis and word cloud visualization confirmed that consumers' positive responses toward the zero-waste have been increasing, they also revealed a need to educate and encourage those who are still not aware of the need for zero-waste. Finally, consumers mentioned only a small number of companies participating in zero-waste movement on SNS, indicating that the level of active involvement by such companies is much lower than that of consumers. Theoretical and educational implications as well as those for government policy-making are considered.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.3-22
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• 2011

The study of online social movements is basically concerned about the impact of the Internet on the existing social movements. More specifically, researchers have paid attention to changes in participants, leadership style and movement strategies caused by the Internet. Due to the Internet, networks of the individuals who are geographically scattered or a network of networks have emerged as new movement agents. Researchers have also analyzed a repertoire of collective action adopted by the online social movements. The increase in online social movements calls for a new interpretation of the existing social movement theories such as resource mobilization, collective identity and political opportunity structure. There are still a lot of debate about the impact of the internet on social movement and the resulting changes. Not only the early debate of cyber-optimism and cyber-scepticism, many studies done by the mid-range perspective also suggested different arguments on the impact of the Internet. This discrepancy comes from a relatively short history of online social movement study, which leads to a limited number of case studies and a shortage of date accumulations. In the future, researchers need to place more attention on the unique characteristics of different technologies and comparative studies of online social movements. The study should also extend its focus to a wide range of political systems in order to explain the impact of online social movements on political intermediary organizations and the democracy itself.