• 제목/요약/키워드: Social Measures

검색결과 1,803건 처리시간 0.029초

청소년기 문제성 음주 실태와 결정요인에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Prevalence and Predictors of Problem Drinking among High School Students in Korea)

  • 장승옥
    • 한국사회복지학
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    • 제42권
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    • pp.372-396
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    • 2000
  • This study focuses on high school students and aims not only to examine the relationships among problem drinking measures and drinking motives to cope but also to determine the factors to predict the negative consequences related to alcohol. 1,436 self-reported questionnaires were collected from seven big cities' high school students who had ever experienced drinking. The survey data identified the following results; first, there were statistically significant differences in drinking motives to cope and 4 measures of problem drinking depending on gender and the school type. It should be noted that more girls and more students in vocational schools had experienced drunkenness rather than boys and students in academic schools unlike alcohol consumption, binge drinking, and negative consequences related to alcohol. Second, the use of alcohol to cope may place individuals at greater risk for alcohol problems. Four dimensions of problem drinking are moderately correlated to drinking motives to cope. Third, the result from logistic regressions indicated that factors related to drinking (binge drinking, drunkenness, and drinking reasons to cope) rather than demographic factors would be contributed more to one more as well as two more negative consequences. Especially, drunkeness seems to be the best factor to predict negative consequences related to alcohol. Implications for developing prevention programs are suggested.

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The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility Dimensions on Firm Performance: A Perspective of Government-Linked Companies in Malaysia

  • ABD JAMIL, Farazila Rita;ALI, Mazurina Mohd;YEBOAH, Michael
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • 제9권7호
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    • pp.63-79
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    • 2022
  • Past studies on the influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities on firms have been inconsistent, highlighting the significance of examining how CSR affects the performance of Malaysian government-linked companies (GLCs). The study aims to investigate the impact of CSR dimensions (economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic) on firm performance from 2016 to 2020 using a sample of 31 GLCs from the top 100 companies under the Main Board of Bursa Malaysia. A total of 35 GLCs were selected as the study sample size based on the top 100 businesses listed under the board of Bursa Malaysia as of 31 December 2020. The study employed correlation and multiple linear regression models to examine the relationship between CSR dimensions and firm performance. Financial performance is evaluated using accounting-based models of return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) and market-based models of earnings per share (EPS) and market value (MV). The CSRHub database was employed to collect information on the performance of company CSR dimensions. The findings suggested a significant positive relationship between ethical and philanthropic CSR and firm performance regarding ROE. Thus, GLCs prioritized ethical and philanthropic CSR over other dimensions.

Healthcare Systems and COVID-19 Mortality in Selected OECD Countries: A Panel Quantile Regression Analysis

  • Jalil Safaei;Andisheh Saliminezhad
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제56권6호
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    • pp.515-522
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    • 2023
  • Objectives: The pandemic caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has exerted an unprecedented impact on the health of populations worldwide. However, the adverse health consequences of the pandemic in terms of infection and mortality rates have varied across countries. In this study, we investigate whether COVID-19 mortality rates across a group of developed nations are associated with characteristics of their healthcare systems, beyond the differential policy responses in those countries. Methods: To achieve the study objective, we distinguished healthcare systems based on the extent of healthcare decommodification. Using available daily data from 2020, 2021, and 2022, we applied quantile regression with non-additive fixed effects to estimate mortality rates across quantiles. Our analysis began prior to vaccine development (in 2020) and continued after the vaccines were introduced (throughout 2021 and part of 2022). Results: The findings indicate that higher testing rates, coupled with more stringent containment and public health measures, had a significant negative impact on the death rate in both pre-vaccination and post-vaccination models. The data from the post-vaccination model demonstrate that higher vaccination rates were associated with significant decreases in fatalities. Additionally, our research indicates that countries with healthcare systems characterized by high and medium levels of decommodification experienced lower mortality rates than those with healthcare systems involving low decommodification. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that stronger public health infrastructure and more inclusive social protections have mitigated the severity of the pandemic's adverse health impacts, more so than emergency containment measures and social restrictions.

Improving Public Medical and Social Services Market Management: Application of Information Technologies

  • Barzylovych, Anastasiia;Malinina, Olena;Gnyloskurenko, Ganna;Borysiuk, Iryna;Yuriy, Rayisa
    • International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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    • 제21권7호
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    • pp.257-266
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    • 2021
  • This article examines the features of improving the public management of the market of medical and social services using information technology to improve the efficiency of public activity in modern conditions. The interpretation of the essence of the categories "information technologies" and "information support" is analyzed. The importance of the organization of information support of public authorities in the insurance of the state apparatus of information management for the adoption and solution of state issues of the market of medical and social services has been studied. Issues and system of information support of public management of the market of medical and social services are considered. The stages of the ICT implementation process in the market of medical and social services are described. The tools of state regulation in the market of medical and social services and the introduction of targeted programs for the development of the social sphere and health care are highlighted. Recommendations for improvement are formulated public management of the market of medical services and social way introduction of ICT tools, which provide for the implementation of a set of measures aimed at intellectualizing the entire system public data management spheres. The necessity of development of innovative tools of public management of the market of medical and social services of Ukraine for the purpose of working out of strategies of increase of quality of medical and social services in the XXI century is substantiated. A number of benefits from the implementation of an effective process of application of information support of public management of the market of medical and social services to ensure the efficiency of public authorities of Ukraine. It is proposed to create a "Department of information support of self-government" and electronic health care system (e-Health) to improve the management decision-making process, which will provide an opportunity to accumulate, process, analyze, and as a result, get the expected effect in the form of balanced management decisions by public authorities of Ukraine.

직장 여성의 사회적 매력에 대한 인식과 외모 관리 행동 연구 (Career Women's Perception of Social Attractiveness and Appearance Management Behavior)

  • 이고은;이윤정;이민선;황정선
    • Human Ecology Research
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    • 제61권1호
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    • pp.155-168
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    • 2023
  • This study focused on working women's perceptions of social attractiveness and their appearance management behavior. Social attractiveness is defined as individuals' achieved attractiveness which can be expressed through social expressive power or social skills rather than innate physical appearance. This study was empirically conducted through questionnaires distributed to 200 working women in South Korea. According to the results, the participants recognized four factors constituting social attractiveness: physical appearance management, business manners, social skills, and sexual attractiveness. When they were asked to assess themselves on the same measures, these characteristics were further classified into six factors: business manners, feminine attractiveness, fashion sense, sociability, communication skills, and active appearance management. Their self-perceived social attractiveness was found to be influenced by all these factors in the order of feminine attractiveness, business manners, sociability, communication skills. Based on the self-presentation tendencies, the participants were classified into various groups, including the passive management group, daily life-oriented management group, work-oriented management group, neutral group, and active management group. The relative importance of the social attractiveness components was found to differ by group, although working women in all groups rated weight management higher than appearance management behavior. This study has implications in that it facilitates an understanding of the concept of social attractiveness and also provides a foundation base in terms of beauty consulting and marketing for working women to improve their social attractiveness.

사이버공격 대응 분석을 통한 사이버안보 강화 방안 연구 (A Study on Measures for Strengthening Cybersecurity through Analysis of Cyberattack Response)

  • 윤오준;배광용;김재홍;서형준;신용태
    • 융합보안논문지
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.65-72
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    • 2015
  • 최근 한수원 원전자료 유출, 미국 소니픽쳐스사 해킹 등 사이버위협은 우리나라뿐만 아니라 선진국 모두에게 해결해야 할 큰 현안으로 대두되고 있다. 우리 정부는 그간 대형사고 발생 시마다 종합대책을 수립하여 시행해오고 있으며 사이버안보 강화에 대한 지속적인 투자와 개선 노력으로 과거에 비해 국가 사회 전반의 보안수준이 향상되었으나 여전히 미흡하다. 종합대책이 단기 위주로 그 실효성에 한계가 노출되었고 금융사기등 사이버범죄가 교묘해지고 악성코드와 공격기술은 새로운 기법을 동원하여 지속적으로 출현하고 있기 때문이다. 또한 북한은 6,800여명의 해킹조직을 운영하면서 기반시설까지 해킹하여 심리전을 구사하고 있어 우리의 사이버안보에 직접적인 위협이 되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 2009년 이후 주요 사이버공격시 대두된 문제점 등 사고 사례를 분석해보고 그에 따른 종합대책의 수립 이행과정을 평가하여 궁극적으로는 우리나라의 사이버안보 관리체계 전반에 대한 수준을 제고하기 위한 방안을 제시하고자 한다.

탄소 포집 및 저장(CCS) 위험 관리 방안 수립 시 사전예방원칙 적용 필요성과 유용성 (Applicability and Utility of the Precautionary Principle in Developing Measures for CCS Risk Management)

  • 임효숙
    • 환경정책연구
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.3-23
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    • 2014
  • 기후변화 대응의 현실적 방안 중 하나로 추진되고 있는 CCS 내에는 다양한 잠재 위험들이 함께 내재되어 있다. CCS 정책 추진에 있어서 이러한 위험들을 규명하고 각 위험 요소들에 대한 적절한 대응 방안을 수립하는 것은 중요한 부분이다. 위험에 적절히 대응하지 못할 경우 심각한 피해 및 사고가 발생할 수 있으며, 안전에 대한 불안감도 해소되지 못하여 결국 사회적 수용성이 현저히 떨어질 수 있다. 사전예방원칙은 CCS 위험 관리 방안 수립 시 기본 원칙으로 고려될 수 있다. 다만 사전예방원칙에 대해서는 당위성의 측면에서는 쉽게 용인되지만 현실 적용의 어려움 등 그 한계에 대한 지적과 비판도 꾸준히 제기되어 왔음을 주지하여 기존 이론적 논의들을 정리하였다. 그 후, 불확실성이 높고 모호한 위험 요소들에 대한 사전예방원칙의 적용 필요성을 확인하고 사전예방원칙의 한계를 극복하기 위한 적용 전략들을 구체화하였다. CCS를 둘러싼 위험 요소들은 정량화가 가능한 위험 영역뿐 아니라 불확실성이 높고 모호한 위험들도 상당 부분을 차지하고 있다. 따라서 각 위험 범주별로 차별적인 위험 대응이 필요하며 이는 곧 사전예방원칙 적용의 필요성으로 연결된다. 또한 사전예방원칙을 적용한 위험 평가 및 관리는 폭넓은 이해관계자의 참여와 의사소통을 전제로 한 사회적 평가의 형태를 전제하는데 이는 사회적 수용성 증진을 위해서도 매우 유용한 접근법이 될 수 있다.

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전통시장 지원에 대한 지각된 혜택과 비용이 관계품질과 지지에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Perceived Benefits and Costs of Traditional Market Support on Relationship Quality and Support)

  • 서정석;양재장;이용기
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제12권12호
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    • pp.43-54
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    • 2014
  • Purpose - This study examines how perceived benefits and costs of traditional market support affect relationship quality and support for a marketeer. In addition, it investigates whether support for traditional market aid programs leads to support for the government. The author developed a structural model comprising several variables, in which perceived benefits and costs comprising economic, social, and environmental costs were proposed, to affect the relationship quality (satisfaction and trust) of traditional market aid programs and the government. Consequently, marketeers satisfied and trusted by traditional market aid programs and the government would support the traditional market aid program, resulting in higher support for the government. The model proposed that customer satisfaction would improve customer loyalty and business performance. Thus, the relationship quality (satisfaction and trust) of the traditional market aid program and government was proposed as a core mediating variable between perceived benefits and costs and support. Research design, data, and methodology - To analyze the proposed model, this study investigates the scenario with a traditional marketeer. Data were collected from 331 respondents, and analyzed with SPSS/PC 18.0 and AMOS 18.0. To test the unidimensionality and nomological validity of the measures of each construct, we employed a scale refinement procedure. The result of the reliability test with Cronbach's and confirmatory factor analysis warranted unidimensionality of the measures for each construct. In addition, nomological validity of the measures was warranted from the result of correlation analysis. Results - First, perceived benefit affects the relationship quality of traditional market aid programs and government. Second, perceived costs affect the satisfaction of traditional market aid programs and government. Third, the relationship quality of a traditional market aid program affects the support of a traditional market aid program, and the relationship quality of government affects the support of government. Finally, the support of traditional market aid program affects support of government. The results confirm the findings of previous studies that local development positively influences support, based on the social exchange theory. Conclusions - The theoretical and managerial contributions of this study are as follows. First, it is the first such study, and defines mediating variables, analyzing relationship quality (satisfaction and trust) between perceived benefits and costs and support for the traditional market industry. Further, it investigates the structural relationships between them with the AMOS program. Second, while most previous studies investigating the relationship between similar variables and those of the present study analyzed how perceived benefits and costs influenced support, this study identified the transfer relationship between the support for traditional market programs and support for the government. This study confirms that support for traditional market aid program increases support for the government. Therefore, government policy makers for traditional market aid programs should explain to marketeers the benefits and costs of traditional market development in terms of economic, social, and environmental factors. At the end, limitations, further research directions, and implications are suggested.

COVID-19 사회적 거리두기가 도시공간이용에 미치는 영향 (Impacts of Social Distancing for COVID-19 on Urban Space Use in Seoul)

  • 박홍일;이상경
    • 한국측량학회지
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    • 제39권6호
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    • pp.457-467
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    • 2021
  • 이 연구에서는 COVID-19 확산에 따른 정부의 사회적 거리두기 조치가 도시민들의 공간이용행태에 미친 영향을 서울시 생활인구 자료를 이용하여 분석한다. 생활인구는 서울시와 KT가 공공빅데이터와 LTE시그널 데이터를 이용하여 추계한 특정시점, 특징지역에 존재하는 모든 인구이다. 커널밀도추정과 공간자기상관을 이용하여 COVID-19 유행 전후인 2019년과 2020년의 주중 주간생활인구를 분석한 결과, 2019년과 2020년의 생활인구분포는 전반적으로 유사한 패턴을 보였다. 이는 정부의 사회적 거리두기 조치가 COVID-19 확산을 통제하면서도 어느 정도 정상적인 활동을 가능하게 했다는 것을 의미한다. 그러나 2020년과 2019년의 차감생활인구에 대한 분석 결과는 미시적 차원에서 다른 결과를 보여주고 있다. 상업시설과 업무시설이 밀집한 지역에서는 주간생활인구가 감소하였으며 주거지역에서는 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 이는 COVID-19 사회적 거리두기 조치가 공간적으로 균등하지 않은 영향을 발생시켰다는 것을 의미한다. 공간회귀분석을 통해 지역, 토지이용, 경제, 교육, 접근성 특성의 생활인구 변화 영향을 분석한 결과, 상업과 업무시설 밀도가 높을수록, 규제를 받는 업종들과 비대면 수업을 하는 학교와 대학교가 많을수록 주간생활인구가 더 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 재택근무와 야외활동 증가로 주택과 공원이 많을수록 주간생활인구가 더 증가한 것으로 나타났다.

Why Genuine Luxury Brands Are Consumed? Counterfeits? Examining Consumer Identification

  • Suh, Hyunsuk
    • Asia Marketing Journal
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.69-102
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    • 2012
  • Owing to increased number of luxury brand users, both genuine and counterfeit luxury product consumption continues to increase every year. Luxury brand is defined as use or display of a particular branded products which brings the ownership prestige apart from its functional utility(Grossmand and Shapiro 1988). Some luxury brands have imitations sold in marketplace due to their popularity. These imitations or counterfeits have been jumping on the bandwagon of the upturn in sales of their originals. The purpose of our study is to understand consumer's underlying motives to consume luxury brands, genuine and or counterfeits. To do this, we propose functional theories of attitudes, decision-making styles, and life attitudes to form the determining causes for different consumption choices of luxury brands: genuine brands, counterfeit brands, both genuine and counterfeit brands, and no consumption on luxury brands types. In proposed causal pathways, we examine moderated effects of socio-psychological factors to further investigate if consumer profiles would exert influences in causal relationships. From the existing theories of functional attitudes: value-expressive and social-adjustive attitudes, we developed and introduced a new measure of rationality-consumptive attitude. From the existing eight decision-making characteristics of consumer styles inventory(CSI), three measures of high-quality, hedonic-shopping, and price-shopping styles were primarily applied in the study along with newly introduced measure of 'high-price' being added, which makes four total. Seven life attitude measures of life purpose, life control, will to meaning, goal seeking, future mean to fulfill, life satisfaction, and religiosity were applied. Finally, such socio-psychological measures as age, gender, marital status, income, and age-gap between couples were assumed to function as moderators. With 430 valid study samples, ages from 20s to 50s, with more females(316) than males(114), with average personal possessions of 5 genuine and 9 counterfeit luxury brands, we conducted questionnaire survey. Results indicated that social-adjustive function is totally disappeared in the relationship due to current social trend of widespread consumptions on both genuine and counterfeit brands which in turn, make consumers feel less special on wearing or carrying them unlike in the past. Self-expressive function and rationality-consumptive functions act as strong catalysts for genuine brand consumption and counterfeit brand consumption, respectively. On consumers' decision-making styles, high-price sublation is the most powerful indicator anticipating counterfeit consumption, even more powerful than personal incomes. In life attitude, the overall model fit was not validated, and only life control and life satisfaction are proven to be significant on both genuine and counterfeit product consumptions. Employment of socio-psychological factors in the model improved understanding of users further. Young consumers tend to go for genuine products over counterfeits. Consumers in different income groups; low, medium and high, all significantly consume genuine products for reasons of different decision-making styles. The results indicated that consumers whose personal disposition is predisposed to consume products in the form of reflection of his or her personality, go only for genuine brands for quality reason, while consumers who rationally consume products for its function or usability, go only for counterfeits for high-price sublation reason. Meanwhile, both product users support for high-price orientation who are not well off.

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