• Title/Summary/Keyword: Smoother

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Electrical and Optical Properties of ITO Thin Film with a Control of Temperature in Pad Conditioning Process (패드 컨디셔닝 온도 변화가 ITO 박막의 전기적.광학적 특성에 미치는 영향)

  • Choi, Gwon-Woo;Seo, Yong-Jin;Lee, Woo-Sun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2005.11a
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    • pp.352-353
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    • 2005
  • Indium tin oxide (ITO) thin film was polished by chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) immediately after pad conditioning with the various conditioning temperatures by control of do-ionized water (DIW). Light transparent efficiency of ITO thin film was improved after CMP process after pad conditioning at the high temperature because the surface morphology was smoother by soften polishing pad and decreased particle size.

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Analysis and Simulation of Multi-Level Converter by means of Multiple Single Phase Combination Control (단상 다중 조합제어 Multi-Level 컨버터의 해석과 시뮬레이션)

  • Ahn, I.M.;Chun, J.H.;Lee, Y.H.;Suh, K.Y.;Lee, H.W.
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 1999.11b
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    • pp.355-357
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    • 1999
  • Single-Phase multi-level AC-DC converter that is composed of diode bridge and switch is proposed. The number of the supply current level is depending on the individual current level of the converter. A converter circuit, the number of the level is equal to $2^{M+1}-1$, where M is the number of Switching Converter. The proposed circuit has converter with 31 current levels. When the number of current level is increased, smoother sinusoidal waveform can be obtained directly and it is possible to control the supply current almost continuously from zero to maximum without generating high voltage step changes as pulse with modulation technology. The technique illustrates its validity and effectiveness through the PSIM.

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A Study on Uniformity of Current Distribution in Hull Cell (Hull Cell에서 전류분포의 균일화에 관한 연구)

  • 여운관
    • Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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    • v.27 no.6
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    • pp.340-346
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    • 1994
  • The method of uniforming current distribution in Hull cell are studied by using auxiliary anode, current shield bipolar electrode, and combinings bipolar electrode with current shield in order to find a way of uni-form deposition. The current density distributions are measured by each ammeter of the same inner resistance connected to divided cathode pannel respectively. The current density distributions of cathode electrode divided into five sections with 5mm width have a tendency of linear inclination, and that of twenty sections have a tendency of smoother curve than the curve of original Hull cell pannel. Their results showed lower value on the high current density portion and higher value on the low portion than that original Hull cell pannel. The current distribution in Hull cell is able to unify by using auxiliary anode, or combining bipo-lar electrode with current shield, but not efficient in using one of both individually.

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A SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF CAVITY WALL (와동면(窩洞面)의 주사전자현미경적(走査電子顯微鏡的) 연구(硏究))

  • Lee, Myung-Jong
    • Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.11-18
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    • 1985
  • The purpose of this study was to observe the facial, lingual and gingival walls of the cavity walls with various kinds of cutting tools. Class II cavities were prepared in newly extracted sound humen mandibular 1st left premolars, and observed in Sanning electron microscope. Diamond point (#201) and Tungsten Carbide burs (#170L) were used in ultra high speed handpieces (rpm 200000), and Tungsten Carbide bur (#702) and Steel bur (#560) were used in conventional handpieces (rpm 6000). All cavities were prepared under water spray, except for some which were finished with a dry abrasive stone (#57). Some cavities were finished with chisels (#41, 42, 83). The following results were obtained. 1. The cavity walls prepared with Diamond point were rougher than the cavity walls with Carbide burs and Steel burs. 2. The chisels were produced the smoothest surface. 3. The cavity walls which were prepared with cutting blades rotated toward enamel surface from outside, were smoother than cavity walls which were prepared with cutting blades rotated toward outside from the enamel surface.

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Development and Applications of Frame Retardant Nano and Microcapsule (난연기능 nano 및 microcapsule의 개발 및 응용(Ⅰ))

  • Kim, Hea-In;Hong, Yo-Han;Park, Soo-Min
    • Textile Coloration and Finishing
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.31-42
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    • 2008
  • Tricrecyl phosphate(TCP)-containing polyurea microcapsules were prepared by interfacial polymerization using aromatic 2,4-toluene diisocyanate(TDI) and ethylenediamine(EDA) as wall forming materials. The effects of the protective colloids of polyvinylalcohol(PVA) and gelatin were investigated through experimentation. The mean size of prepared polyurea microcapsules was smaller and the surface morphology of the microcapsule prepared by the PVA as protective colloid was much smoother than the gelatin. As the concentration of protective colloid increased, the wall membrane of the polyurea microcapsules became more stable, the thermal stability of the wall membrane increased, the mean particle size became smaller, and the particle distribution was more uniform. PET containg microTCPs have a higher activation energy of decomposition, higher char content and lower heat of combustion.

The Mechanical Properties of Working Clothes Materials Considering Industrial Settings (산업현장을 고려한 작업복 소재의 역학적 특성 연구)

  • Bae, Hyun Sook
    • Textile Coloration and Finishing
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.140-151
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    • 2013
  • In order to investigate the mechanical properties of working clothes materials considering industrial settings, the test weaving materials were compared with the existing materials depending on the season. The material design of the test fabrics were changed through fineness, composition, density of materials then subsequently treated with functional finish. As a result of evaluation of the forms according to KES-FB system, Koshi was deduced, and Numeri and Fukurami were increased. Thereby, the test weaving materials became flexible, surface became smoother, elasticity and volume characteristics indicated to have been improved. Consequently, the THV value of working clothes materials for test weaving was increased compared to existing materials which indicated improved result of the total hand value. Specially, the winter cloth material indicated improved drape characteristics and dimensional characteristics, showed improved liveliness as being compressed softly.

Optical Properties of Silicon Nanoparticles and $C_{60}$ Thin Films Prepared by Pulsed Laser Ablation (Pulsed Laser Ablation으로 제작한 $C_{60}$ 및 Si 박막의 광학적 특성 분석)

  • Kim, M.S.
    • Journal of Power System Engineering
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.118-123
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    • 2005
  • We have investigated the fabrication of Si nanoparticles and $C_{60}$ thin films by pulsed laser ablation. By atomic force microscopy(AFM), the laser-deposited $C_{60}$ thin film was verified to have surface far smoother than the surfaces of films produced by the conventional evaporation method. The Si deposited at a He atmosphere of 0.2 Torr was with about $60{\AA}$ height of the Si nanoparticles, suggesting that it was uniformly deposited. We observed visible green emissions spectra in the $Si/C_{60}$ multilayer films after laser annealing. It is considered that this green emissions is occurred from SiC particles, which is produced reaction of Si nanoparticles with $C_{60}$ by laser annealing.

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Communal Antecedents in the Adoption of Secure Coding Methodologies

  • Kim, Sung Kun;Kim, Ji Young
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.231-246
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    • 2016
  • Technology acceptance model has demonstrated that technology adoption behavior can be explained by two user belief constructs: perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. A number of studies have explored how these beliefs develop by utilizing primarily individual-level antecedents. However, because innovation and new techniques bear a direct relation to social concerns, non-individual antecedents may be necessary. Therefore, in this study, social and organizational supports are used to understand how software developers foster beliefs regarding secure coding practices. We compiled data from 83 software developers to evaluate the technology acceptance model. Our findings show that these collective antecedents can effectively explain user belief constructs and the intention to adopt secure coding methodologies. These findings imply that society and organizations offering more concrete support programs will experience smoother deployment of security-enhancing measures.

Effect of Binder on Coating Layer Structure and Surface Strength of Coated Paper (바인더가 도공층 구조 및 도공지의 표면 강도에 미치는 영향)

  • 이용규;황석우
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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    • v.30 no.3
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    • pp.63-72
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    • 1998
  • This research was intended to evaluate the effect of carboxymethylcellulose(CMC) on the coating structure and surface strength of coated paper prepared with amphoteric latex based coating color. Printability and optical properties of coated papers were compared. The influence of the consolidation behavior of coating color on the coating structure and the surface strength of coated paper was investigated. Compared with the conventional anionic latex, amphoteric latex formed bulkyer, smoother and more porous coating layer, which in turn, restricted binder migration in the coating layers, and facilitated immobilization of coating colors. However, dry pick strength of coated paper was decreased. The addition of CMC to these systems had strongly influenced on. the consolidation behavior and porosity in the dry state, through forming the network structure of coating layers by the interaction with amphoteric latex particles. Thus, printability and optical properties of coated papers were improved. Results indicated that amphoteric latex could be practically applied to the paper coating to improve printability and optical properties of coated papers.

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A Study on the Modeling and Optimization of Check Valve in Automatic Transmission (자동변속기내 체크밸브의 모델링 및 최적화 연구)

  • 송재수;정우진;김성원
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.111-119
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    • 1997
  • The operating characteristics of the check valve in the clutch piston of an automatic transmission have a great effect on the shifting performance. This paper addresses the modeling, dynamic analysis, and optimization of the check valve. It was found that the vortex causes a pressure drop, which is related to the rotating speed of the clutch piston, oil volume discharged from the check valve, and valve geometry. Maximizing the oil volume discharged, geometry of the check valve is optimized. The results can be used to design an improved check valve which provides a suitable oil pressure curves for achieving smoother shifting.

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