• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.142-149
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose was to test the effects of self-hand massage with aroma oil on daily cigarette use, smoking craving, and depression of female high school student smokers who are attempting to quit smoking. Method: A convenience sampling of a non-equivalent control group time series was used. Female high school student smokers were assigned either to smoking cessation lecture only or to an intervention that involved a smoking cessation lecture and self -hand massage with aroma oil for 4 weeks. Lavender, Peppermint, and Bergamotte essence oils were used for massage. Result: There was a significant change in daily cigarette use and depression between the groups at three different times. Conclusion: It is promising that self-hand massage with aroma oil can be an effective adjunctive to decrease daily cigarette use and depression of female high school student smokers who are attempting to quit smoking.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.655-660
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• 2016

Smoking is accountable for the fatality of a substantial number of persons and increases the likelihood of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Although data have shown high prevalence rates of cigarette smoking in Saudi Arabia, relatively little is known about the broader scope. The objectives of this study were to investigate socio-demographic factors, patterns of use and cessation behavior associated with smoking in Saudi Arabia (KSA). The study utilized a cross-sectional, multi-step design of sampling. Residents (N=1,497; aged 15 years and older) were recruited from seven administrative areas in Southwest Saudi Arabia. A pretested questionnaire was utilized to obtain data on participant cigarette smoking, including their daily use, age, education, income, marital status and employment status. The current study is the first of its kind to gather data cessation behavior of Saudi subjects. With the exception of 1.5% females, all the respondents were male. The majority of the respondents were married, had a university level of education, were employed, and were younger than 34 years old. The same trends were also observed among smokers' samples. The current prevalence of cigarette smoking was 49.2% and 65.7% of smokers had smoking at less than 18 years of age. The mean daily use amongst smokers was 7.98 cigarettes (SD=4.587). More than 50% of the study sample had tried at least once to quit smoking. However, 42% of the smokers participating had never. On the other hand, about 25% of the respondents were willing to consider quitting smoking in the future. Modeling of cigarette smoking suggested that the most significant independent predictors of smoking behavior were geographic area, gender, marital status, education, job and age. Considerable variation in smoking prevalence was noted related with participant sociodemographics. Findings recommend the necessity for control and intervention programs in Saudi community.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.73-86
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to effects of education program of smoking prevention and cessation through the linkages between subjects on smoking knowledge, grit, health promoting behaviors of college students in some area. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pre-post test design was used. The intervention group received the education program for 6 weeks from October 1 to November 15, 2019. The control group lived only usual daily life. Results: t-test showed that Smoking Knowledge (t=3.78, p<.001) and grit (t=3.75, p<.001) were significant differences between the two groups. In terms of health promotion behaviors, total(t=2.89, p=.002) and physical activity(t=3.20, p=.002), health responsibility(t=3.90, p<.001), spiritual growth(t=1.99, p=.049), interpersonal relations(t=2.61, p=.010) were significant difference between the two groups, in other hands nutrition(t=0.89, p=.372) and stress management(t=1.69, p=.092) were no significant difference between two groups. Conclusions: the education program of smoking prevention and cessation through the linkages between subjects was founded to be an effective education program in improving smoking Knowledge, grit, health promoting behaviors of college students in some area.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.249-258
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• 2017

본 연구는 남자 흡연 대학생의 금연 자기효능감, 우울 및 사회적지지가 니코틴 의존도에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 경북지역 2개 대학교 남학생 149명 대상으로 2016년 9월 7일~18까지 설문조사 하였고, SPSS 22.0을 사용해 서술통계, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, multiple regression으로 분석하였다. 남자 흡연 대학생의 일반적 특성 및 흡연관련 특성 중 학년 및 전공계열에 따라 니코틴 의존도가 유의한 차이를 보였다. 니코틴 의존도는 금연 자기효능감(r=-.54, p<.001), 사회적지지(r=-.26, p=.001)와 음의 상관관계를, 우울(r=.33, p<.001)과는 양의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 니코틴 의존도에 영향을 미치는 변수는 금연 자기효능감(${\beta}=-.48$, p<.001), 우울(${\beta}=.17$ p=.027)로 나타났고, 이들 변수의 니코틴 의존도에 대한 설명력은 34%이었다. 결론적으로, 남자 흡연 대학생을 위한 금연중재프로그램 적용 시 금연 자기효능감을 증진시키고, 우울을 감소시키는 방안이 필요하다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.625-630
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• 2013

Background: Hardcore smoking is represented by a subset of daily smokers with high nicotine dependence, inability to quit and unwillingness to quit. Estimating the related burden could help us in identifying a high risk population prone to tobacco induced diseases and improve cessation planning for them. This study assessed the prevalence and associated factors of hardcore smoking in three South-East Asian countries and discussed its implication for smoking cessation intervention in this region. Materials and Methods: Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) data of India, Bangladesh and Thailand were analyzed to quantify the hardcore smoking prevalence in the region. On the basis of review, an operational definition of hardcore smoking was adopted that includes (1) current daily smoker, (2) no quit attempt in the past 12 months of survey or last quit attempt of less than 24 hours duration, (3) no intention to quit in next 12 months or not interested in quitting, (4) time to first smoke within 30 minutes of waking up, and (5) knowledge of smoking hazards. Logistic regression analysis was carried out using hardcore smoking status as response variable and gender, type of residence, occupation, education, wealth index and age-group as possible predictors. Results: There were 31.3 million hardcore smokers in the three Asian countries. The adult prevalence of hardcore smoking in these countries ranges between 3.1% in India to 6% in Thailand. These hardcore smokers constitute 18.3-29.7% of daily smokers. The logistic regression model indicated that age, gender, occupation and wealth index are the major predictors of hardcore smoking with varied influence across countries. Conclusions: Presence of a higher number of hardcore smoking populations in Asia is a major public health challenge for tobacco control and cancer prevention. There is need of intensive cessation interventions with due consideration of contextual predictors.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.371-382
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• 2001

This study was conducted to investigate correlation theory of planned behavior, self efficacy and health locus of control about smoking cessation behavior for university student. We sampled 204 university student smokers using questionnaires and analyzed the data using Pearson correlation coefficient. The results of this study were as follows : 1. There were significant positive correlation between theory of planned behavior(intention : r=.215, p=.005, attitude : r=.160, p=.025, perceived behavior control : r=.298, p=.000) and self efficacy. 2. There were significant positive correlation between theory of planned behavior(attitude : r=.228, p=.002) and internal health locus of control. There were significant positive correlation between theory of planned behavior(attitude : r=.203, p=.004, subjective norm : r=.141, p=.047) and external health locus of control. There were significant negative correlation between theory of planned behavior(perceived behavior control : r=-.152, p=.034) and accidental health locus of control. This study has shown a correlation between theory of planned behavior and self efficacy and health locus of control. As a result of these findings, I suggest to develop the intervention program for smoking cessation.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.110-121
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• 2000

This study was designed to develop the life moking cessation program with multidisciplinary approach using the Bandura's theory of self-efficacy and confirm the effect of it on the self-efficacy and smoking amount in college students. For this purpose non-equivalent control group, pretest-posttest design was used. The participating subjects in this study were 46 male college freshmen, 23 in experimental and 23 in control group. The experimental group received the 8 sessions of lecture and small group discussions for 4 weeks and a telephone coaching program for a period of 8 weeks. The control group received 5 sessions of lecture without further treatments. The data was collected from March 15 to June 11, 1999, and analysed by SAS/PC program with $\chi$$^2$test, simple t, paired t test. The results were as follows. 1. The score of self-efficacy was significantly increased over time in the experimental group than those of the control group. 2. The amount of urine cotinine was decreased over time in the experimental group, number of cigarettes smoked a day were significantly decreased, and they were significantly less than those of the control group. In conclusion it was found that the Life Smoking Cessation Program with Multidisciplinary Approach was an effective nursing intervention for increasing self efficacy and reducing the amount of smoking in male college students. Therefore, future smoking cessation programs should always consider the concept of self-efficacy and ways to positively reinforce it.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.130-139
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• 2013

목적 본 연구는 방향-에너지 모델과 내 외동기화 모델에 근거하여 흡연하는 청소년들을 위한 금연동기화 프로그램을 개발하고 프로그램이 대상자들의 흡연유혹과 내재적 금연동기, 금연변화단계와 금연율을 변화시키는지 파악하고자 실시된 비동등성 대조군 전후 설계(nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design)이다. 방법 프로그램 개발은 엘리스(Ewles)와 심네트(Simnett)의 보건교육 모델에 기초를 두고 진행되었으며 현직교사들을 대상으로 한 요구도 조사와 흡연청소년들로부터 타당도를 검증받아 총 8회기로 구성된 금연동기화 프로그램을 개발하였다. 프로그램은 교사용 책자와 학생용 워크북의 형태로 나누어 제작하였고 각 회기당 필요한 준비물품을 세트(package)형식으로 공급하였다. 실험중재는 총 8회기를 첫2주는 주2회, 3주-6주는 주1회, 매회기 50-60분 동안 6주에 걸쳐 학교에서 마련한 별도의 교실에서 전문 강사에 의해 진행되었다. 결과 연구결과 본 프로그램은 대상자들의 금연단계와 금연율을 변화시켰으며 흡연청소년들의 흡연유혹을 감소시키고 금연을 위한 내재동기를 증진시켜 금연으로 행동을 변화시키는데 기여할 수 있는 효과적인 프로그램임을 확인할 수 있었다. 결론 추후 금연동기화 프로그램 참여 후 금연교육 프로그램에 참여한 대상자들의 금연성공률을 확인할 필요가 있으며 본 연구결과를 토대로 다양한 종류의 청소년 위험행동들을 변화시키기 위한 동기화 프로그램을 개발시킬 수 있겠다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.263-276
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• 2020

Purpose: This paper systematically reviewed the effects of smoking cessation (SC) intervention among female smokers. Methods: A systematic search was performed targeting articles published on eight electronic databases, from January 1, 2010, to February 25, 2020. Nine studies were included in the systematic review. The risk of bias (RoB) tool was used to evaluate the quality of scientific evidence. Results: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was performed in all nine studies. Interventions were classified as exercise (n=4), cognitive behavioral counseling (n=2), motivational counseling (n=1), group counseling with self-help group (n=1), and pharmacotherapy (n=1). The SC rates were measured using a 7-days point prevalence abstinence in 55.6% of the studies. Exercise studies showed higher SC rates in the experimental groups than control groups after the intervention, but the differences were not significant. Other interventions were employed in two or fewer studies or did not conduct long-term follow-up, thus we were unable to examine effects of these interventions. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop SC programs for female smokers by carefully considering the characteristics of female smokers. Further research will be needed to confirm the effects of SC programs in certain subgroups among females. Also more experimental studies on SC intervention should be carried out with scientific rigor.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.5351-5354
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• 2013

Four hundred and thirty-five Chinese smokers who had attended the first smoking cessation clinic and received stage-matched individualized cessation counseling in Hong Kong during the period of August 2000 to January 2002 were successfully followed-up between February and August 2008. Some 38% of the participants (165/495) had stopped smoking during the 12-month follow-up after treatment. Participants with higher conscientiousness score (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.09 - 2.48) and lower openness to experience score (OR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.45 - 0.92) showed a greater likelihood of quitting smoking after controlling the effect of daily cigarettes smoked and stage of readiness at baseline. The study suggests an important role of conscientiousness and openness to experience on long-term quitting behaviors following treatment, and provides useful information for the development of matched intervention for smoking cessation among Chinese smokers.