• 한국안전학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.40-45
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• 2003

To evaluate the smoke control systems, the large eddy simulation turbulence model based Fire Dynamics Simulate was applied to a 2m $\times$ 2m $\times$ 2.4m room with an opening. The smoke removal rate was investigated for three different smoke control systems: ventilation, extraction and pressurization. When the opening was closed, the smoke removal rates of the smoke control systems were almost the same as expected. The pressurization system showed a lower smoke removal rate compared with the other two smoke control systems for the room with the opening, and hence the pressurization system might not be efficient for a place with large openings. It was shown that the lower extraction flowrate is, the longer time the ventilation system requires to remove smoke. From these results, the ventilation system is recommended for subway stations where several large openings exist.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.163-167
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• 2008

In this study, the 1/35 reduced-scale model experiment were conducted to investigate designed ventilation effect on the smoke movement at rescue station fire in railway tunnel. A model tunnel with 2 mm thick, 10 m long, 0.19 m high and 0.26 m was made by using Froude number scaling law. The cross-passages installing escape door at the center were connected between incident tunnel and rescue tunnel. The n-heptane pool fires with heat release rate 698.97W were used as fire source. The fire source was located at the center and portal of incident tunnel as worst case. A operating ventilation system extracted smoke amount of 0.015 cms(cubic meters per second). The smoke temperature and CO gas concentration in cross-passage were measured to verify designed ventilation system. The result showed that, at center fire case without ventilation, smoke did not propagate to rescues station. In portal fire case, smoke spreaded to rescues station without ventilation. But smoke did not propagated to rescues station with designed ventilation.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 2006년 제4회 한국유체공학학술대회 논문집
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• pp.269-272
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• 2006

The heat and smoke which generated by subway under fire is one of the most harmful factor in air tighten underground station. To prevent this, Trackway Exhaust System(TES) can be used. The heat released from the train running in the tunnel raises the temperature at the platform and the trackway, and thus proper ventilation system is required for comfortable underground environment. When the fire is occurred, TES is operated as smoke exhaust mode from normal ventilation mode. In the present study, the subway station which is one of the line number 9 in Seoul subway is modeled, and fired situation is simulated with several ventilation mode of ventilation system in trackway. For this simulation whole station is modeled. Non steady state 3D simulation which considered train under fire is entering to the station is performed. Temperature and smoke distribution in platform and trackway are compared. To represent heat by fire, heat flux was given to the fired carriage, also to describe smoke by fire, concentration of CO is represented. As the result of present study, temperature and smoke distribution is different as the method of ventilation in trackway and platform is changed. In over side of trackway, the fan must be operated as exhaust mode for efficient elimination of heat and smoke, and supply mode of fan operation in under side shows better distribution of heat and smoke. The ventilation system which is changed from ventilation mode to exhaust mode can be applied to control heat and smoke under fire.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.82-87
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• 2016

초고층 건물의 환기계획에서 설비의 효율적인 운영을 위해 환기설비는 제연설비 겸용으로 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 지하 4층 지상 59층의 초고층 건물을 분석모델로 선정하고 수치해석을 통해 연기이동력에 의한 층별 압력분포를 검토하였으며, 분석모델 건물에서의 연기이동력이 환기 및 제연에 미치는 영향을 규명하였다. 또한 이들 결과를 바탕으로 분석모델 건물의 환기계획에서 주방용 환기댐퍼를 환기-제연 겸용으로 설계할 때 연기이동의 복합력과 요구되는 댐퍼의 개폐력과의 관계를 운동해석 시뮬레이션을 통해 결정하였고, 그 결과로부터 적합한 댐퍼의 구동장치를 선정하였다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2022년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.67-68
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• 2022

Foreign countries stipulate that ventilation and smoke control facilities are installed in logistics warehouses. On the other hand, in Korea, the design guidelines and standards of ventilation and smoke control facilities for logistics warehouses are not clear even in the situation where the number of human casualties caused by smoke has increased until recently. Accordingly, the smoke descent time according to the vent was calculated. As a result, when there was no vent, the smoke descent time was 369s. On the other hand, when the vent was installed, smoke did not fall because the amount of smoke was greater than the amount of smoke generated.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.8-12
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• 2008

Heat/smoke detectors are installed in most subway platforms in Korea to detect fire. Subway platform is divided by smoke-control zones for efficient smoke-control. Once the detectors detect heat or smoke, the smoke-control ventilation system in the platform and concourse is activated according to the smoke-control ventilation mode. Smoke-control mode during fires in Korean subway platforms is that the smoke zones operate by exhausting smoke while other zones in the platform and in the concourse which is the upper floor of the platform operate by supplying air or stopping any ventilation. This study is conducted to evaluate performance of passengers' evacuation for various smoke control modes in the subway station. Distribution of smoke and heat due to fire on the platform is analyzed by using Fire Dynamics Simulator(FDS V 4.06) of NIST. Various smoke-control ventilation modes and locations of fire are considered. Evacuation and movement of passengers within the platform is simulated by building EXODUS V.4.0.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.276-279
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• 2008

Heat/smoke detectors are installed in most subway platforms in Korea to detect fire. Subway platform is divided by smoke-control zones for efficient smoke-control. Once the detectors detect heat or smoke, the smoke-control ventilation system in the platform and concourse is activated according to the smoke-control ventilation mode. Smoke-control mode during fires in Korean subway platforms is that the smoke zones operate by exhausting smoke while other zones in the platform and in the concourse which is the upper floor of the platform operate by supplying air or stopping any ventilation. This study is conducted to evaluate performance of passengers' evacuation for various smoke control modes in the subway station. Distribution of smoke and heat due to fire on the platform is analyzed by using Fire Dynamics Simulator(FDS V 4.06) of NIST. Various smoke-control ventilation modes and locations of fire are considered. Evacuation and movement of passengers within the platform is simulated by buildingEXODUS V 4.0.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.37-42
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• 2008

본 연구는 지하철에서 화재발생시 최적의 제연모드 예측을 목적으로 수치해석을 수행하였다. 현재 국내 지하철 화재발생시 제연모드는 승강장 내 화재구역 배기, 비화재구역 급기 또는 정지로 설정 되어있다. 수치해석 조건은 2가지 국내 비상시 제연모드 및 발화 4분(승강장 피난허용시간, NFPA 130) 이전까지 승강장에서 배기를 하며, 발화 4분이 후 터널 배기로 전환되는 스위치모드의 3가지 경우에 대하여 비교 분석하였다. 승객 호흡높이(1.7 m)를 기준으로 열, 일산화탄소 및 가시거리를 비교하였다. 수치해석 결과 급기팬 작동은 연기를 교란시키고 확산시킬 수 있으며, 또한 승강장 및 터널 제연모드로 작동할 경우 승강장의 제연모드로만 작동한 경우에 비하여 연기 배출에 효과적임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.711-721
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• 2005

In order to design of emergency ventilation systems, the smoke movements in tunnel fire with natural and forced ventilation were investigated. Reduced-scale experiments were carried out under the Froude scaling with novel fire source consisting many wicks. Temperature profiles were measured under the ceiling and vertical direction along the center of the tunnel and poisonous gases were measured at emergency exit point in the natural ventilation case. In forced ventilation, temperature profiles were measured with various flow rate to obtain critical velocity. The results showed that the interval of emergency exit having 225m was estimated reasonably through the measurements of temperature variation and poisonous gas in the natural ventilation. In the case of forced ventilation, the temperature distribution near fire source is remarkably different from that of natural ventilation. Also, the critical velocity to prevent upstream smoke flow has the range of 0.57m/s between 0.64m/s. Finally, it was also identified that although the increase of flow rate can suppress the backward flow of smoke to upstream direction, brings about the increase of flame intensity near stoichiometric fuel/air ratio.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 기존 제연설비의 문제점 개선 및 제연설비의 성능극대화를 위해 제연구역의 압력변화에 따라 풍량제어가 가능한 배출댐퍼를 개발하였으며, 개발 댐퍼의 효용성 검증과 상용화를 위해 성능시험을 실시하였다. 시험결과로부터 개발 배출댐퍼에 의해 급기량이 약 1 ~ 5% 정도 더 증가되는 것으로 나타났고, 제연구역에는 송풍기의 설계풍량 이상의 안정적인 풍량이 공급됨으로 풍량제어 배출댐퍼의 효용성이 입증되었다. 풍량제어 배출댐퍼의 원천기술을 확보하였다.