• 설비공학논문집
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.703-714
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• 2009

One of the biggest problems in smoke control systems for high-rise buildings is stack effect, but there are no recognized methods or measures to solve the problem of stack effect as yet. The stack effect can be overcome by forming the uprising current inside the stair hall properly, but there is a limit to the height in supplying into the stair hall the smoke control air volume to be supplied to a floor in case of escape from fire. The limit to the height can be extended by over-coming the stack effect by pressurizing the stair hall and the ancillary room simultaneously. It can also be anticipated that the stack effect can be overcome by connecting the air supply shaft to the stair hall at the top. As a result of computer simulations using a network type of tool, it is found that adequate performance can be achieved by pressurizing the stair hall only for a building of 190m or less, and up to 360m when pressurizing the stair hall and the ancillary room simultaneously. In all those cases, however, an overpressure venting damper is required which operates within a suitable range for venting the overpressure outside.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2023

Human and material damage can be reduced if the risk is evaluated by engineering analysis of fire combustion products, smoke concentration, and smoke movement speed in the event of a fire in apartment houses and officetels. In this study, a lot of research on related safety evaluation in the basement needs to be studied and reflected in design, so experimental research was conducted to analyze the flow of smoke through computer simulation and provide analysis data through evacuation safety evaluation. First of all, the five-story underground parking lot subject to simulation has a large floor area, which is advantageous for improving evacuation safety performance, but it uses temperature detectors to increase detection time and fire spread speed. Second, it was analyzed that the evacuation time at all evacuation ports did not exceed the evacuation time, and as the time from the start of evacuation to the evacuation time was 216.9% compared to the travel time, it was evaluated that the safety performance of the evacuation was secured. Third, the above simulation results are a comprehensive safety evaluation based on the non-operation of fire extinguishing facilities in the fire room to increase safety, which means that smoother evacuation safety performance can be secured by linking fire extinguishing facilities.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.82-87
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• 2016

초고층 건물의 환기계획에서 설비의 효율적인 운영을 위해 환기설비는 제연설비 겸용으로 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 지하 4층 지상 59층의 초고층 건물을 분석모델로 선정하고 수치해석을 통해 연기이동력에 의한 층별 압력분포를 검토하였으며, 분석모델 건물에서의 연기이동력이 환기 및 제연에 미치는 영향을 규명하였다. 또한 이들 결과를 바탕으로 분석모델 건물의 환기계획에서 주방용 환기댐퍼를 환기-제연 겸용으로 설계할 때 연기이동의 복합력과 요구되는 댐퍼의 개폐력과의 관계를 운동해석 시뮬레이션을 통해 결정하였고, 그 결과로부터 적합한 댐퍼의 구동장치를 선정하였다.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

연구목적: 본 연구는 계단식 공동주택의 화재 시 차압 및 방연풍속 특성을 분석하고, 화재안전기준에서 제시하고 있는 방연풍속 기준의 실효성을 검증하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구방법: 실제 모델의 계단식 공동주택의 제연설계 및 거실의 창문 개방조건에 따른 방연풍속의 성능을 CONTAM 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과: 공동주택 제연설비의 차압성능은 만족하더라도, 방연풍속 성능은 거실창문의 개방조건에 따라 방연풍속의 성능이 나오지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 결론: 계단식 공동주택의 경우 화재안전기준에서 요구하는 '방연풍속' 기준에 대해 예외를 두는 방안의 검토가 필요하다.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.105-115
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• 2014

터널내의 연기거동 및 대피안전성을 평가하기 위하여 수치해석을 수행하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 최근 더욱 길어지고 있는 장대터널의 화재로 인한 연기 및 온도 분포와 안전성을 평가할 수 있는 수치적 방법을 구현하는데 있다. 계산에 사용되는 컴퓨터자원을 최소화하기 위하여 모델로 선정한 터널의 전체길이인 3 km을 사용하는 대신 여러 개의 대피터널이 포함되는 1.5 km만을 해석영역으로 사용하였다. 터널내의 연기거동에 의한 대피자의 안전성을 평가하기 위하여 연기의 밀도에 의한 기시도와 바닥으로부터의 높이를 고려한 SE (smoke environment)값을 사용하였다. 공기 중에 포함된 연기의 밀도는 3차원 전산유체역학을 통하여 구하였다. 이러한 연기 거동에 영향을 미치는 온도분포를 정확하게 모사하기 위하여 터널 벽면을 단열 혹은 일정한 열유속(heat flux) 가정을 사용하는 대신 1차원 열전도(heat conduction)방정식을 이용하여 터널벽면의 온도를 계산하였다. 대피터널간의 거리가 가까울수록 대피자의 안전성은 높아지겠지만 상대적으로 건설비용이 증가하게 된다. 본 연구에서 대피터널의 길이는 250 m로 하였으며 화재 시 제연팬의 운전 조건을 3가지 (팬이 가동되지 않는 조건, 임계풍속이하조건, 임계풍속이상조건)로 나누어 연기의 거동과 온도분포를 고찰하였다. 그리고 화재가 발생한 시간부터 플래쉬오버가 발생한 시간까지의 연기의 거동과 대피자의 상황을 SE를 이용하여 고찰하였다.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국화재소방학회 2005년도 공동추계학술논문발표회 논문집
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• pp.185-188
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• 2005

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.616-622
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• 2000

This paper concerns the application of smoke and fire spread to road tunnel fire problems. When a road tunnel is on fire. a fire protection system of road tunnel have to offer an adequate escape space to human. Therefore, this study carried out a simulation for predicting a spreading path of smoke and fire. The evolution of the flow field is simulated with the low Reynolds number k-$\varepsilon$ turbulent model and SIMPLE algorithm based on the finite volume method.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.1485-1496
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• 2002

In order to investigate the fire-induced smoke movement in a three-dimensional room with an open door, numerical and experimental study was performed. The center, wall, and corner fire plumes for various sized fires were studied experimentally in a rectangular pool fire using methanol as a fuel. The numerical results from a self-developed SMEP (Smoke Movement Estimating Program) field model were compared with experimental results obtained in this and from literature. Comparisons of SMEP and experimental results have shown reasonable agreement. As the fire strength became larger for the center fires, the air mass flow rate in the door, average hot layer temperature, flame angle and mean flame height were observed to increase but the doorway-neutral-planeheight and the steady-state time were observed to decrease. Also as the wall effect became larger in room fires, the hot layer temperature, mean flame height, doorway-neutral-planeheight and steady-state time were observed to increase. In the egress point of view considering the smoke filling time and the early spread of plume in the room space, the results of the center fire appeared to be more dangerous as compared with the wall and the corner fire. Thus it is necessary to consider the wall effect as an important factor in designing efficient fire protection systems.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국화재소방학회 2007년도 춘계학술논문발표회 논문집
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• pp.95-100
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• 2007

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국화재소방학회 1997년도 International Symposium on Fire Science and Technology
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• pp.227-243
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• 1997

Fire and smoke can from a small ignition source develop rapidly. Active systems in combination with Passive Fire Protection measures will offer highest safety standards to the building's developers and occupants. Nevertheless, the fire growth is very unpredictable and it is therefore essential at the planning stage that tested solutions are well selected according to National codes and later on installed by qualified contractors to ensure optimum performance. This demonstrates that Passive Fire Protection as safety measure cannot be neglected. Recent fire cases all over the world still proof that fire can develop any time and any where even in countries of high safety standards.