• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.285-289
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• 1989

Pontential mutagenic and antimutagenic activities of four steroidal saponins from Smilax china rhizomes were investigated. These saponins did not revealed mutagneicity in the Ames and SOS umu test. For antimutagenic activity by SOS umu test, two spirostanol glycosides, dioscin and gracillin, inhibited the activity of ${\beta}-galactosidase$ induced by AF-2, but their proto-type furostanol glycosides did not show this activity.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.33 no.3 s.130
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• pp.169-172
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• 2002

Chinese crude drug 'To Bog Ryung' has been to cure chronic aperient, syphilis cough and diabetes. The botanical origin of the crude drug has never been studied pharmacognostically. To clarify the botanical origin of To Bog Ryung, the morphological and anatomical characteristics of the rhizomes of Smilax species growing in Korea, i.e. S. china, S. riparia var. ussuriensis, S. nipponica, S. sieboldii were compared. As a result, it was determined that To Bog Ryung was the rhizome of Smilax china and Smilax sieboldii.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.3317-3326
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• 2011

Physicochemical properties of Achyranthes japonica and Smilax china extracts were investigated for the purpose of functionality research on the natural bio-resources. Extraction contents were order of distilled water>methanol>ethanol solvent, the highest free aminoacids were proline from Achyranthes japonica, phosphoserine and glutamic acid from Smilax china, respectively. BI and TAC by spectrophotometric absorbance were order of methanol>ethanol>water in Smilax china leaf extract, but water>methaol>ethanol in Achyranthes japonica leaf extract. EDA was high in ethanol extract from Smilax china leaf and in methanol extract from Smilax china root, and in water extract from Achyranthes japonica. TBA value of Achyranthes japonica leaf and Smilax china leaf-ethanol extracts on olive oil was 82.1% and 84.0%, respectively, for that of an artificial antioxidant BHT. Antimicrobial effect was observed in Achyranthes japonica stem-methanol extract on Bacillus subtillis, in Smilax china leaf-ethanol extract on Bacillus subtillis, Vibrio vulnificus and Salmonella enterica, respectively. And the adsorption of Pb(II) on Achyranthes japonica was higher than that of Cd(II) on Smilax china under the same metal ion concentration.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 2007

In this study, we have investigated the antioxidant activities of the leaves of Smilax china Linne in order to find the antioxidant substances which has an scavenging effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from natural products. As a result, EtOAc and n-BuOH extracts of the leaves of Smilax china Linne exhibited potent antioxidant effect on various antioxidant experiment. The major components of antioxidant activity were isolated from EtOAc and n-BuOH extracts of the leaves of Smilax china Linne. Their structure of compounds were identified as kaempferol-7-O-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranoside and kaempferol-3,7-O-${\alpha}$-L-dirhamnopyranoside by spectroscopic evidence, respectively. Antioxidant activities were observed in kaempferrol-7-O-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranoside at 23 ${\mu}g$ and in kaempferol-3,7-O-${\alpha}$-L-dirhamnopyranoside at 27 ${\mu}g$ as concentration of DPPH 50% reduction.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.76-82
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• 1989

Five known diosgenin glycosides have been isolated from the MeOH extract of Smilax china rhizomes and characterized as prosapogenin A of dioscin, dioscin, gracillin, methyl protogracillin, methyl protodioscin and its corresponding 22-hydroxy analog. This is the first isolation of the former four compounds from this plant. ${\beta}-Sitosterol\;glucoside$ was also isolated and identified.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.145-146
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• 1989

A furostanol glycoside, $mp\;190{\sim}198^{\circ}$, was isolated from the MeOH extract of Smilax china rhizomes. The structure was established as a mixture of $26-O-{\beta}-_D-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-22-methoxy-furost-5-en-3\beta,26-diol\;3-O-\alpha-_L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1\rightarrow2)-\beta-_D-glucopyranoside$ and its 22-hydroxy derivative on the basis of spectral data and chemical correlations.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.19 no.3 s.53
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• pp.22-30
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• 2004

The extract with the dilution of $50\%$ ethanol and treatment of $121^{\circ}C$ for 15min were inhibited highly the growth of staph aureus, Ent. cloacae, Sh. sonnei, A. hydrophila, b. subtilis, St. faecalis and L. casei. of food samples, red-bean dregs with addition of extact of smilax china. leaves or sorbic acid took the similar inhibition effect to microorganisms for the early storage days(1-3days). There was inhibited the growth of microorganisms in strawberry Juice added to 20m1 of $1\%$ extract solution for one storage day in comparison with no addition of smilax china L. Over all with growth inhibition capability to microorganisms and foods, it was believed that the effect and value as the natural food preservatives and the extracts like as this natural plant material took the food safety and it was capable to develop the natural food preservation.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.425-430
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• 2017

This study was conducted to measure the antimicrobial activity and antiseptic effect of Smilax china root extracts against Propionibacterium acnes and to develop natural antimicrobial extracts as an alternative for synthetic preservatives, which have recently been controversial. Extracts were obtained from dried Korean Smilax china root at room temperature using two solvents, distilled water and 95% EeOH, separately. According to the results of this study, the antimicrobial effect of Propionibacterium acnes 3314 and Propionibacterium acnes 3320 against Propionibacterium acnes was outstanding. In particular, the clear zone of the extract using distilled water showed the highest activity with 16.61 mm. As for the result of the collection of contaminated skin sample, the clear zone was 24.48 mm. This indicates that Smilax china root extracts show a high activity against skin flora as well as a high antimicrobial activity against Propionibacterium acnes. In conclusion, it is confirmed that Smilax china root extracts can be used as raw materials for cosmetics that have antimicrobial activity and antiseptic effect, and it is expected that Smilax china root extracts will be used as basic materials for the development of future natural preservatives.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.397-403
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• 2022

Smilax sieboldii is one of the Smilax species. A number of Smilax plants have long been used in traditional medicine in the tropics and subtropics worldwide. Repeated dose oral toxicity test is an essential experiment for toxicity evaluation before efficacy evaluation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate toxicity and the no-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) using oral administration of Smilax sieboldii extract (SSE) in male and female ICR mice for 4 weeks. SSE was orally administered daily for 4 weeks at a dose of 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg/day (MPK). There were no significant differences in mortalities, clinical signs, body weight changes, food intake, hematological analysis, serum clinical chemistry test and relative organ weights in all animals administrated with SSE. The results obtained in this study suggest that SSE did not show any toxic effect in ICR mice and the NOAEL of SSE was regarded as over 2000 MPK.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.10
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• pp.1614-1618
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• 2014

To utilize Smilax china L. leaves as a natural preservatives, solvent fractions from crude methanol extract were prepared and investigated their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus. Antioxidant activities were examined by 1,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power assays. Ethyl acetate fraction from Smilax china L. leaves exhibited the strongest antioxidant and antimicrobial activities among the fractions (P<0.05), as well as the highest total phenolic and total flavonoid contents. Caffeic acid, ferulic acid, quercetin, and kaempferol contents in the ethyl acetate fraction from Smilax china L. leaves were determined by TLC and HPLC. In aqueous phase, as well as the n-butanol and n-hexane fractions, quercetin, ferulic acid, and kaempferol were detected in small amounts. Ferulic acid, which showed the highest content, is the major active compound from Smilax china L. leaves.