• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.175-184
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• 2012

The aim of this study is to inquire into the influential relationship between perceived characteristics and psychological attitude toward smart phone in relation with the smart phone. This study conducted a questionnaire survey targeting domestic college students who are using the smart phone in an effort for an empirical test of the research model. The theoretical implications of this study laid foundation for doing research on the behavior of perceived characteristics and psychological attitude toward technology, and supplied a clue to diverse, in-depth research works on the further smart phone. The study-suggested practical implications are as follows: First, it is required that the usefulness and easy of use of the smart phone should be reinforced in order to form a positive attitude toward the smart phone. Second, the sense of dependence on the smart phone has an influence on user satisfaction.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.61-75
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• 2014

Objectives: The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship among self-esteem, optimism, and smart phone addiction of middle school students and examine the variables on smart phone addiction. Methods: Data were collected by questionnaires from 475 middle school students in U city. To analyze the sample survey data, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, duncan test and multiple regression analysis were performed with SPSS/WIN 15.0. Results: There were statistically significant differences among general characteristics sex, grade, school record, satisfaction with school life, economic state, romantic relationship, the period of smart phone usage, and smart phone usage fee with smart phone addiction. Also, there were significant negative relationships between self-esteem and optimism. Significant factors that affect smart phone addiction in middle school students were sex, self esteem, smart phone usage fee. These variables explained 10.8% of smart phone addiction. Conclusions: The results of this study reveal that the significant factors of smart phone addiction are sex and self-esteem. This study indicates that it is important to develop self esteem promotion programs that focus on sex trait in order to prevent smart phone addiction on adolescents.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.209-220
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• 2011

One of the major factors influencing the phenomenal growth of the smart phone market is the active development applications based on open environments. Despite difficulties in finding and downloading applications due to the small screens and inconvenient interfaces of smart phones, users download applications nearly every day. Such user behavior patterns indicate the significance of smart phone applications. So far, studies on applications have focused mainly on technical approaches, including recommendation systems. Meanwhile, the issue of culture, as an aspect of user characteristics regarding smart phone use, remains largely unexamined throughout the world. Hence, the present study attempts to analyze the highest ranked smart phone applications downloaded and paid for that are ranked the highest in 10 countries (Korea, Japan, China, India, the UK, USA, Indonesia, Canada, France, and Mexico) and we then derive the CDSC (Cultural Dimensions Score of Content) for these applications. The results derived are, then, mapped to the cultural dimensions model to determine the CISC (Cultural Index Score for Country). Further, culturally significant differences in smart phone environments are identified using MDS analysis.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.173-183
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to find out the difference of sense of self-efficacy and stress encountering strategy of university students under the stress situation depending on the smart-phone user group (addiction group, general user group). For this purpose, the study issues are established as follows. First, it has analyzed what is the correlation of smart-phone addiction, sense of self-efficacy, and stress encountering strategy. Second, it has studied if there is any difference of sense of self-efficacy and stress encountering strategy for the smart-phone user group. In order to verify such study issues, For 1,670 university students in the Chungcheong area, smart-phone addiction scale, sense of self-efficacy scale, and stress encountering method scale were administered. Looking into the study result, first, as a result of the relativity analysis, it displayed the correlation of preference of test difficulty, self-control efficacy and important negative from the smart-phone addiction and sense of self-efficacy. In addition, all sub-variables of smart-phone addiction and avoidance orientation from the stress encountering strategy displayed the important positive correlation, and from the smart-phone addiction, the virtual world orientation and pursuit of social-support displayed the important negative correlations, and all sub-variables (interference with ordinary living, virtual world striving direction, withdrawal, resistance) of smart-phone addiction and problem solving-orientation displayed the negative correlation. Second, as a result of verification for the difference of the smart-phone addiction group and general use group following the sense of self-efficacy, the general use group is shown to have higher self-control efficacy sense than the addiction group. And third, as a result of verifying the difference of stress encountering following the smart-phone addiction group and general use group, the addiction group is shown to be lower than the general use group in terms of social support pursuit and problem solution orientation with the avoidance orientation shown to be higher. This type of result is expected to provide the base data when developing the smart-phone addiction preventive education program by finding out in details for the characteristics of smart-phone addiction group for university students.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.99-105
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• 2012

With the rapid development and diffusion of smart phone applications, mobile users are able to use various useful mobile services in humdrum life. Especially, interesting applications like QR code using camera module in a smart phone are developed continuously nowadays. We realized that the size and shape of shooting objects taken by a smart phone camera module are very different according to their types and versions of the android-based smart phone in the process of developing applications for measuring the shooting object using camera module of a smart phone. In this paper, we investigate the major differences among smart phone types and system versions when we take specific object with camera module of smart phones, analyze the various characteristics of camera modules that influencing the real size of the shooting object taken by a smart phone, and apply them to the development of the smart camruler application.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.103-111
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting the adaptation, Self-esteem and self-control of college students to smart addiction. We surveyed 380 university students in Gwangju area. Data were analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis. Smart phone addiction according to general characteristics showed the lowest in fourth grade and high in health-related majors. Smart phone usage time was the lowest in less than 3 hours due to the actual usage of smart phone. School life adaptation, self-esteem, and self-control according to general characteristics were higher in satisfaction with college life and majors. The most influential factors on the addiction of smart phone were perceived smart phone addiction, and the self-esteem and self-control were more likely to be addicted to smart phone. Therefore, it is necessary to develop education and programs to enhance self-esteem and self-control of college students and to find ways to prevent smart phone addiction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.747-756
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• 2020

In recent years, measurement in a smart-phone environment is attracting attention in various fields due to its easy set-up process, various functions, convenience and expandability. Even in the field of safety evaluation and maintenance of large-scale infra-structures, the appropriate application of these effective and convenient measurement techniques can be of great help. In this paper, an experimental study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness, problems and complementary methods of applying smart-phone accelerometers to the measurement in infra-structure such as bridges. In model bridge subjected to impact and moving loads, the measured accelerations using a smart-phone and a professional accelerometer were directly compared in time domain. And the statistical and frequency characteristics of the measured signal and transfer function were also examined in frequency domain. The results show that the accuracy of measurement using smart-phone sensor is primarily affected by its incomplete sampling performance. In conclusion, smart-phone sensors cannot be considered suitable for precise assessment, where measurements must be accurate over a wide frequency range, but we can say that the technique is still useful and fairly accurate for some purpose over a limited frequency range, such as the low pass frequency range, which is a major concern for civil structures.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.103-113
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• 2011

A study on the influence of technology acceptance model to marketing performance and based on an expanded characteristics of smart phone. the result of this study are flows: 1) Perceived usefulness of smart phone are related to word-of-mouth intention and repurchase intention. 2) Social influence are related to word-of-mouth intention but repurchase intention are not related to repurchase intention.

• The Korean journal of sports medicine
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.189-196
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the difference of body mass index (BMI) to smart phone proficiency in men and women over the age of 60. Methods: Patients were divided into three groups with high (n=33), average (n=34), and low (n=33) smart phone proficiency. Fitness characteristics related to smart phone usage were evaluated by measuring cardiorespiratory endurance, grip strength, eye-hand coordination. As well, smart phone proficiency was evaluated by a self-reported questionnaire and a smart phone usability task that was composed of two categories: usage of the smartphone device itself and usage of phone applications. The differences in BMI of the subjects was analyzed by analysis of covariance adjusting for independent variables including age, smartphone usage period, eye-hand coordination, education and income. Results: There was a significant difference in BMI among the three groups after adjustment of age, eye-hand coordination, smartphone usage period, education and income. The results showed that the self-reported questionnaire showed a significant difference in BMI between high proficiency and low proficiency groups (high $24.88{\pm}2.46$, low $23.37{\pm}2.56$; p=0.037). Smart phone usability test results also showed a significant difference in BMI among the three groups (high $25.18{\pm}2.58$, low $23.15{\pm}2.6$; p=0.000 and high $25.18{\pm}2.58$, middle $23.57.7{\pm}1.69$; p=0.010). Conclusion: Our results suggest that high smart phone proficiency shows increased BMI in the elderly. This study suggests that people over the age of 60 who have high smartphone proficiency should be cautious of an increased BMI score.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.57-80
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• 2011

This study analyzed the effects of smart phone using for business on work performance in the field. We classified functional and practical aspects of smart phone affecting employee's work performance through former studies. As independent variables, we selected portability of equipment, rapidity of information and ease of use for functional side, and selected fit to work and subjective norms for practical side. And dependent variable was work performance. We also suggested that innovation resistance would be a moderator. The results showed that the effect of work performance was influenced by portability of equipment and fit to work. However, hypotheses on moderating effects of innovation resistance were not supported. This study made a discrimination in terms of an application phase of smart phone as against former studies. The results of this study will provide practical implications for related enterprises in the field to develop ways of using smart phone as an effective strategy.