• 한국습지학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.267-274
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• 2016

농촌 지역 하수도 보급은 하천, 호소 및 습지와 같은 수계 수질 보호를 위해서 반드시 필요하다. 또한 안정적인 소규모 하수처리장 운영을 위해서는 유입 유량과 농도의 변화가 큰 소규모 하수도 특성을 고려해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 봉화군 18개의 소규모 하수처리장 운전 결과를 통해 유입유량비 (유입 유량 / 설계 유량) 특성, 소규모 하수처리장 처리 효율에 미치는 영향과 적정 유입유량비 산정에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 분석 결과 유입유량비는 여름철에 가장 높은 것으로 나타난 반면, 유입 하수 농도는 가을철과 겨울철에 높은 것으로 나타났다. 유입유량비가 증가할수록 처리 효율이 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 영양염류 처리 효율이 유기물과 부유물질 처리 효율에 비해 민감한 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 안정적인 소규모 하수처리장 처리 효율을 위해서는 유입유량비 0.8 이상을 유지해야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.231-239
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• 2022

In this study, we applied ENERWATER to evaluate the energy consumption labeling of wastewater treatment plants in Korea using the Korea sewerage statistics data. The results showed that the energy label status was excellent in the SBR process for small and medium-scale wastewater treatment plants and the A2O process for large-scale wastewater treatment plants. The energy labeling of wastewater treatment plants of 50,000 tons capacity was excellent. The statuses of metropolitan cities and Jeollanam-do province were excellent. We analyzed the effects of renewable energy on wastewater treatment plants' energy consumption and found out that digestion gas for large-scale plants and photovoltaic energy for small-scale plants were effective in improving energy labeling. In addition, we compared the energy labels of four wastewater treatment plants in "Z" city and wastewater treatment plant "X" had the best energy label, and the wastewater treatment plants "V" and "Y" had to be selected as priorities for the energy diagnosis and improvement project. In a comprehensive conclusion, the applicability of ENERWATER was confirmed based on sewage statistics data and labeling can be used to set priorities for the energy diagnosis and improvement project.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.62-69
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• 1998

It has been studied that the measurement of odor component emission at confectionery manufacture. The objects of this study were to investigate reduction of offensive odor. The survey effects of odorous materials are presented as follows. The countermeasure of operating process is to minimize sludge sediment in each unit facility. Especially, in summer, we have to clean the sludge frequently, because anaerobic decomposing is likely to occur easily. The sludge or scum from sedimentation tank pond, and floating tank should be treated quickly. We should avoid overloading operation. In the case of overloading, dissolved oxygen should be increased, the quality of wastewater input should be decreased. When dried cakes from condense tank or floating tank are left in treatment plant, we should cover, to prevent diffusion of smell with masking materials. The seasonal condition of operating should be fixed and the kind of coagulants should be changed because the wastewater in each season have different loading rates and organic materials. Odorous materials are very sensitive to the seasonal temperature variation. Especially, when the amount of rainfall is small and the high temperature of maintenance in long periods, air diffusion rate is large, so odorous materials can make great effect on surroundings comparision with other periods. To reduce odorous gas, as short term method, we had better take ceramic addition method. Especially, in summer we should take ceramic addition method. Also, as long term method, the size of wastewater treatment facility is the most important in the normal operating of wastewater treatment facility. But wastewater treatment facilities in this factory are too old, treatment process is old fashion, and the size is too small. So, large wastewater quantity to treat in summer. As results, the expansion of wastewater treatment facility and the process of improvement are required. Restriction level of odor was exceed. As it is overloaded in summer, the basis cause of odor is that the size of wastewater treatment facility is small. The prediction of air quality equilibrium density variation show that the odorous materials from working place are Amine materials whose smell strength is about 2.5(a little strong degree). We can suppose that in summer is sensitive to temperature variation, smell strength is larger as to reduce the origin of odor. We must expand wastewater treatment facility and improve the process A.S.A.P.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.47-60
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• 2007

The rapid development of economy in China at the expense of consuming huge amount of energy and resources, water resource in particular, which has resulted in the production and discharge of increasing amount of wastewater to the water environment. In order to effectively control the increasing water pollution trend, the State Council has stipulated that all the cities with population over 500,000 should reach wastewater treatment rate of 60% by 2005, and all the cities should reach the rate of 60% by 2010, of which Capital Beijing and all the province capital cities and important tourism cities should reach 70% then. By the end of 2005, of the 661 cities in China, 393 have built and operated municipal wastewater treatments with a total number of 790 sets, total treatment capacity of $80.91{\times}106m^3/d$ and total treatment rate of > 48%. Other 73 cities have started the construction of municipal wastewater treatment plants, and other 168 cities have started to prepare, planning and design of wastewater treatment plants. Most of municipal wastewater treatment plants in big cities in China operate normally and perform well with good quality of effluent in terms of wastewater treatment train, but the sewage sludge treatment is usually poor with big problems. It has been found that the small scale WWTPs using activated sludge process in the towns are usually operated and maintained abnormally because of lack of fund, skilled operators and energy. It is therefore suggested that the small scale MWWTPs in small cities and towns adopt appropriate technologies, of which the most available ones are multi-stage ponds, constructed wetlands and the combination of them for further purification and reuse of treated wastewater.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2012년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.494-497
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• 2012

A methodology to predict the output performance of small hydro power using treated effluent in wastewater treatment plant has been studied. Existing plant located Kyunggi-Do were selected and the output performance characteristics for these plants were analyzed. As a result, it was found that the developed model in this study can be used to analyze the output characteristics for small hydro power in wastewater treatment plant. Additionally, primary design specifications such as design flowrate, capacity, operational rate and annual electricity production were estimated and discussed.

• 수도
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• 제24권5호통권86호
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• pp.5-15
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• 1997

This year the Ministry of Environment(MOE) made a fifth amendment to the Sewerage Act, which was enacted in August 1966. The first objective of this amendment is to introduce small public sewerage system that is designed to treat wastewater produced in rural areas. Before small public sewerage system was introduced to the Act through this amendment, only urban areas were covered by public sewerage system. Because small sewerage system was introduced, wastewater generated in urban areas as well as rural areas can now be treated by public sewage treatment plants. In addition to this, some authorities on sewerage affairs were moved from the MOE to local governments by this amendment in order to enhance the power and responsibility of local governments in relation to sewerage affairs. Also, this amendment enabled local governments to entrust the authority to establish and manage sewage treatment plants to private companies, and enabled the MOE to organize an advisory committee on sewerage to review economic and technical aspects ofsewage treatment plants. This amendment went into effect September 8, 1997.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.173-181
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the possible installation of small hydro-power plant at the discharge point of Gumi sewage treatment plant (STP) using treated wastewater. Sufficient amount of water to transfer to electric power and the selection of proper location are two essential elements for the construction of small hydro-power facility. Preliminary analysis based on site visit and existing data in Gumi STP were made. Capacity of the small hydro-power plants and exact location were determined by geomorphological condition and flow duration characteristics. Flow duration characteristics and its duration curve were identified using monthly rainfall data in Gumi STP. Relevant facts of small hydro-power system in other STP were referred to adopt to Gumi STP situation. Flowrate of treated effluents and effective head between flow chamber and the location of hydraulic turbine in Gumi STP are found to be $3.70m^3$/sec and 3.5m respectively. Electric generation rate based on this feasibility study was estimated to be 86.3kW/h. Yearly electric generation rate was expected to be 932.4MMh. Proposed small hydro-power plant construction in Gumi STP is to be reasonable.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.41-45
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• 2014

The biological aerated filter (BAF) reactor is regarded as an effective biological wastewater treatment method. It can remove pollutants by carrier filtration and biodegradation. Due to its advantages, which include high biomass retention, tolerance to toxicity, excellent removal efficiency, and slurry separation, BAF has been widely used to remove COD, $NH_4{^+}-N$, phosphorus, and other harmful organic substances. In this study, the BAF reactor was used to remove organic contaminants of domestic wastewater of Korea at both the benchand pilot-scale. The main objectives of this study are to: (i) investigate the removal efficiency of organic contaminants (ex. COD, nitrate, phosphorus) in BAF reactors at both scales; (ii) characterize the small-scale wastewater treatment plant using the BAF reactor. The concentration of COD in the influent increased from 69 to 246 mg/L. During the operation period, the final effluent concentration of COD remained maximum 4.0 mg/L, and the average removal efficiency was above 88%. The present study investigated the removal efficiencies of COD, TN, TP and $NH_4{^+}-N$ from smelting wastewater by BAF system. When treating wastewater in both bench and pilot-scale reactors, the BAF worked well.

• 수도
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• 제23권5호통권80호
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• pp.13-22
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• 1996

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.132-140
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• 2005

The pilot test of a new alternative for small wastewater treatment system has been conducted for two years. It consists of a hybrid bioreactor and the expert system including the process control logic, PLC system, and HMI for the process automation. In order to monitor and remote control its status, the real-time data was transferred from the on-site control center to the central station via a wireless local area network. More efficient and stable performances were observed at automatic operating mode compared with the manual. On an average, COD, SS, T-N and T-P concentrations in the effluent from the hybrid bioreactor were less than 14, 7, 12 and 0.9 mg/L, respectively. According to the result from pilot tests, the quality of treated wastewater with sand filtration was enough to be utilized again.