• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.47-54
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• 2011

According to the master plan of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, departmentalized class system will be extended to all general middle & high schools by 2014 with the exception only of those having less than 6 classes located in small cities in rural areas. Under departmentalized class system, according to class timetable, students need to move from classroom to another classroom and areas where homebases, lounges, media spaces, rest places, and etc. This study has been undertaken to provide architectural data required in planning for student & learning support space for schools operating departmentalized class system, by investigating and analyzing cases in use at schools operating the system in Chungbuk area. As departmentalized class system is increasingly introduced, student & learning support space should be understood newly as spaces indispensable for students.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.29-40
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to clarify the actual conditions of external space of middle and high schools in Gyeongnam Area. This article discuses about the characteristics of the external space and the site plan type of 49 middle and high schools in Gyeongnam Area. The result of analysis about site plan type, composition state of external space and area ratio of its composition of each middle and high school facilities are as follows: In facilities arrangement of middle and high schools, it shows diverse forms of arrangement from existing uniform straight type, however, most of schools do not being against the simple in their external space. Especially, for the area is small in the composition of external space, a playground is only under $50m{\times}80m$ and outdoor learning space or resting space is not secured sufficiently. Therefore, it requires an expansion of space size and facilities for the change of school life outside class.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.30-39
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• 2016

Students receiving plan is not based on short-term indicators, such as student-centered, student-induced factor to address school needs new complaint, it is necessary to establish the school in the center of a long-term (30 years) perspective. Therefore, analysis of Cheongju students can examine the entire 30 years of the elementary school in this study are as follows: First, given the increasing number of students in seven models and presented the case to its types. Second, considering the geographical characteristics and the development of regional characteristics classify 55 elementary Schools in Cheongju City by dividing the number of students increase or decrease trend to 10 zones the results are as follows: Students Number increasing school group of 4 schools, 15 schools students Number fell in shot Term, the Students Number dropped in middle Term 26 schools, 10 was a small school. In particular, it is urgently necessary to establish measures for these small schools. Third, despite the reduced number of students indicated in the analysis result, caused the social conflict factors by excessive new school requirements. It also caused a number of students from schools when the Curve of Students Number are to remain flat or decline. It shows that no additional new demand of School in the region. Fourth, the number of students increasing trend forecasting model

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.53-61
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• 2008

Under recent educational and social backgrounds, alternative education schools are increasing continuously, to compare Japanese example that experience of similar circumstance given before with the investigation of general present condition, specialized education contents, facilities and utilization of 5 schools of Tokyo area, I could know following contents ; First, free schools of Tokyo area were operated by individual education type that consider each student's special quality maximum comparing with Korea's alternative schools which seek community education type. Second, there were not many schools which prescribe school personal allowance per division or class comparing with our cases that operate divides step by equal class with general school and prescribes personal allowance by class, and whole students are generally about $20{\sim}30$. Third, comparing with our cases that are located in mountain and rural area according to profitable locational conditions for environment and experience studying, it was general which islocatedin downtown for the purpose of free attending school of non attending school students. Fourth, usually, comparing with our that unused schools in mountain and rural area are general for alternative school and there were a lot of cases that uses small building of downtown such as lease office, unused warehouse and factory for free school of Tokyo area.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.349-368
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the small-group instruction of mathematics in elementary schools. For this, a sample of 742 teachers of elementary schools completed the survey. As a result, about 27.8% of the teachers reported using small group instruction while they worked with one group or they assigned to other groups worked alone. Only 2% of the teachers reported using small group in which students were encouraged to participated cooperatively. This study discusses the five issues about small group instruction in elementary school. The five issues were investigated in this survey. First, major teaching method in mathematics classroom and using of small group instruction were described. Second, frequency and period of small-group instruction were reported. Third, grouping method in small-group instruction was described. And Fourth, effect grouping practices of small-group instruction were described. Fifth, the model of small group instruction and assessment in small-group instruction were reported.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.46-52
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• 2011

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.3-9
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• 2018

In recent years, schools in the urban areas are also showing their interest in the integrated school and considering adapting the actual operation method. That is why decline of the school-age population is not limited to rural areas any more, and decreasing number of students in urban schools is raised as a social issue to reconsider the continuation of schools. To solve the problems of the small-scale schools in the urban area, the integrated school is being considered as an alternative. Furthermore, the newly built schools in the urban development areas are also planned as the integrated school. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to examine the cases of integrated schools in urban area of developed countries and to analyze their architectural planning considerations in practice.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.99-102
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• 2008

In terms of operation profiles and building characteristics, Schools, as public facilities, are one of the most suitable buildings for small scale Renewable energy systems since they have its energy demand on daytime mostly and large open area, roof surface available for the installation of Renewable energy systems such as solar collectors or Photovoltaic pannels. This paper presents a methodology of the feasibility test for Renewable energy systems to be intalled at schools. The methodology is based on the analysis of the demand/supply profiles dynamic matching. a case study is also presented to test the applicability of the proposed assessment methodology.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.11-22
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• 2010

Recently, the necessity of open spaces is increased greatly in the city. But in many reasons, open spaces are diminishing gradually in the existing cities. It is more difficult to keep that space because of expensive land price, and the interests between the neighbors. To solve this problem, the local governments tries to change the street system more convenient to the pedestrian by adapting no vechile street system during some specific time. In this point of view, the street which include fence of school, house, and apartment can be the open space. Especially, removal of the school fence can be a useful solution providing open spaces to small cities suffering from lack of open spaces. In this researching background, several schools in Wonju were selected in this research, some has already been opened, and others yet. Opinions of students, presidents of these schools, and citizens are surveyed about removal of fence. In the basis of this result, we deduce problems followed by removing the fence, and reflect it in the plan of opening the fence to present the guidance to cross over the functional limitation of the fence and use it as a open space.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.21-30
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• 2016

This study considers the concept of schools and their spatial composition by John Dewey through literature review who argued for a new, children-centered education in the early 19th century, and it also mentions some suggestions for improvement of the elementary school facilities in Korea that the size and number of students in school has decreased sharply. John Dewey claimed that a school is a big household as well as a small society in which one studies the current occupation and experience in connection between the household-school-society. At the same time, he pursued an organic and open spatial composition which can effectively and efficiently enable educational curriculum's application, social occupation and project learning based on children's native impulse and stage in child growth. Korea's education policy should shift from quantity-based education production to quality-based production due to the reduction of school age population among other reasons. Especially this study emphasizes that small size schools need to be changed to local community facilities with environment-friendly, children-centered and open learning spatial composition with basis on John Dewey's educational philosophy.