• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.10-21
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• 2015

출산율저하와 도시화로 취학인구가 감소하여 수많은 초등학교가 폐교되었으며, 현재 까지 절반 이상의 폐교는 미 활용되고 있다. 지역실정에 근거한 활용제안에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구는 중국 광시(廣西)성 계림지역에 기존 28개폐교를 대상으로 현지실측, 촬영, 방문을 통하여 조하하였으며, 폐교의 부지, 연면적, 구조, 교통조건, 공간구성, 노후화 등 재활용에 필요한 요소를 조사하였다. 소형교학점(작은 분교)은 벽지농촌에 위치하고, 작은 부지와 연면적, 'ㅡ'자형배치, 노후화 등의 특성이 있으며, 완전소학(본교)은 향진(鄕鎭)에 가깝고 큰 부지와 연면적, 다양한 배치형태, 좋은 문창과 외관 등의 특성이 있다. 교학점(분교)은 이상 2가지의 사이에 있다. 본 연구는 향후 폐교 활용, 교육시설, 사회학, 건축학영역 등 연구의 기초자료로 사용할 것이다.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2023

This study is conducted to provide an empirical review on how schools play a pivotal role in the regional communities. For this, the use of closed schools, activities to revive small-scale schools, and activities related to nearby schools outside the village were analyzed for villages that have participated and have been awarded in the Contest for Making Happy Rural Communities by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs. The results of this are as follows. Out of 204 villages that won the contest, there were 19 cases of school closures. Of these 19 cases, there are 17 cases in which the closed school facilities still exist. For the two remaining cases, there are no buildings and only the site remains. To summarize the use of these schools, the functions are being combined and are determined within the range that local residents can operate. The impact or success factors on the region can be summarized into five main categories through the revival of schools in the crisis of closure. First, it was an opportunity to lay an organizational foundation for village projects in the future by reorganizing the village's organization, such as the formation of a village promotion committee to revive the schools. Second, it did not just introduce outsiders to increase the population, but supported housing and jobs for them to successfully settle down. Third, a cultural community was created with senior and junior residents, and finally, the residents became teachers or formed a village education communities such as lifelong education. In the relationship with schools existing outside the village, activities with members of the surrounding schools and linked activities are being carried out in the sense of "school".

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1995

대형정치망내에 있어서 어군의 행동 조사는 1992년 1월 29일부터 2월 22일 사이에 일본국 석천현 연안 정치망 어장에서 실시하고, 정치망어구의 어획기능에 관해서 해석, 검토하였으며, 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 헛통에 출현한 어군수는 17~18시의 일몰시에 가장 많았고, 그후 급격히 감소하는 경향이었다, 이것으로 보아, 헛통에 있어서 어군의 체류시간은 짧고, 비교적 빠르게 원통에 입망했던가 혹은 헛통의 입구로부터 도피했다고 생각된다. 2. 망내에 입망한 정어리소형군의 행동은 측망에 평행한 직선적인 주복이동이 많고, 등망의 부근에서는 방향을 전환하여 헛통의 옆줄에 향하는 행동이 관찰되었다. 3. 망내에 입망한 정어리소형군의 이동속도는 25cm/sec가 최빈치이고, 최대 이동속도는 80cm/sec 이었다.

• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.26-35
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• 2013

The study aims to deduct the factors needed for the judgement on merger and abolition policies and draw out suitable types of these policies through interviews with the people concerned during the process of the merger and abolition of schools in rural communities. Following are the results of the study. For the smaller scaled schools, it was possible to notice the fact that there are positive and negative aspects associated with the curriculums and the sociality of the students. However, collectively considering with the continuous decrease in the number of school aged children along with the development of curriculums, personal characters and sociality of the students, it is better when the schools are properly scaled. Also, it is needed to consider new sets of policies as the number of school aged children is continuously decreasing - the current policy states that there should be one school per village. For the implementation while not losing centripetal points of schools within the communities, the Branch policy(1-2 years based or 1-4 years based) is considered. This implementation is considered to be possible because the Branch schools can be turned into facilities such as nursery schools and preschools which enables communities to sustain the spaces for cultural and welfare needs for their own.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to find out if there are meaningful differences between small rural middle schools and nearby urban ones In the mathematical diagnostic evaluation. It also says how to improve students' scholastic abilities, making up a question of attitudes towards math to know the mathematical abilities lowering cause in small rural middle schools. Findings are, 1. Students must recognize that studying math is essential and be interested in it. 2. The mathematical confidence is needed. 3. A strong will of studying math hard is important. 4. Students must have a motivational triggering, while solving math problems and then checking answers for themselves. 5. Backward countries' humanistic and social environmental factors should be overcome. In conclusion, we expect the mathematical abilities improvement, making students remove the mathematical abilities lowering cause after having a learning experience suitable for the rural community instead of the negative attitudes towards math.

• 교육시설
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2009

From the mid-1990s, the discussion on alternative schools began in earnest, and with the increasing interests in them, Korean parents' association of alternative education, KPAAE was launched formally in November, 2008. Among the alternative schools in the nation, thirteen urban alternative schools were studied and analyzed. The result indicated that they are being run by individuals and civic organizations with no approval and the facilities and spatial organization of the schools are poor, which is thought to be mainly due to financial reasons as well as the schools' educational goal that puts emphasis on experiences leading to utilize outside local facilities. With this background, the results from the analysis of the facility status and the spatial organization of urban alternative schools led us to understand the followings: First, it showed that per capita average of area of the urban alternative school is approximately 11.995m$^2$, less than 14N, the standard area of institutional schools. Second, depending on the form of facilities, the space of other facilities is shared to make up for insufficient space, and is utilized to a small degree and for multi-purposes. Third, the space reflects the disposition of subject students, and is located in the area with convenient traffic for students' attending the schools conveniently. Fourth, specialized space is run on the basis of educational goals, and the exploring of career and the improving of sociality are pursued through internship programs associated with local facilities. Thus, it is desirable for the minimum per capita area of the urban alternative school to meet 14N, the standard area of the institutional schools in order that the urban alternative school may overcome the spatial limitation and the financial hardship stemming from the practically difficult constructing of new buildings and the small scale operation, and it may make flexible use of the space, and the students may live their lives smoothly. Also, it is thought that for the activating of the urban alternative schools, the plans for utilizing various facilities associated with local facilities should be considered.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

Recently, the number of closed rural schools is increasing due to the decrease in school age population. This study aims to comparative analysis of utilization policies for closed schools in Korea and Japan. The results are as follows. First, Both Korea and Japan was expected to increase the number of closed schools since the standard of abolition of small schools has been strengthened. Second, In Korea, it was possible to know the detailed information of closed schools through 'Eduinfo' website, but it was hard to know the detailed information of utilization cases of closed schools. On the other hand, Japan not only provided information about the unused school facilities but also introduced the utilization cases of closed schools and financial support system for utilization of closed school. It was characterized by linking with the information of unused schools and company, NPO, elderly welfare facility, etc. Third, In korea Superintendent established plans to use closed schools to respond flexibly to local circumstances. Japan simplified the procedures for closed schools to promote the utilization of closed schools. Finally, In Japan, there was various financial support system. But in Korea, it supported the cost of subsidy reduction, free loan, maintenance and management and operation.

• 한국지열·수열에너지학회논문집
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the energy consumption of Elementary, Middle and High Schools in Daejeon Metropolitan City. The main results are as follow: 1) Annual energy consumption per class was 12,825 (kWh/class) at elementary schools, 15,780 (kWh/class) at middle schools, and 29,447 (kWh/class) at high schools, 2) Generally the smaller the size of the school, the higher the energy consumption per class. However according to the HVAC system there was no consistent pattern of energy consumption per class. 3) According to Box and Whisker's Chart, distribution of energy consumption of elementary and middle schools' had small range. However, the range of high schools increased. 4) Energy consumption in winter season was larger than that of summer season in schools.

• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2018

전국 29개시 총 1,337개 초등학교 재학생수 구간분포 현황을 조사 분석한 결과는 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 전국 29개시 총 1,337개 초등학교를 대상으로 재학생수 조사 분석한 주요 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 1기 신도시의 적정학교(301~750명) 규모의 학교수가 총 96개교중 52개교(54.2%)로 가장 많고, 대규모 학교는 40개교로 전체의 41.7%를 차지하고 있다. 특히 1200명이상의 초대규모 학교가 5개교가 있다. 또한 300명이하의 소규모학교가 4개교(4.2%)로 150명이하의 학교수가 1개교로 여타지역에 비하여 미미한 편이다. 수도권에서는 적정규모 학교가 148개교로 전체의 51.7%를 차지하고, 과대학교는 122개교로 전체의 42.7%를 차지하고 있다. 재학생수 300명이하의 소규모 학교수는 16개교로 전체의 5.6%를 차지하고 있다. 충청권은 총 243개교중 39개교가 적정규모 학교수는 108개교로 전체의 44.4%로 가장 많으나, 대규모 학교는 99개교로 전체의 40.7%를 차지하고 있다. 소규모 학교는 36개교로 전체의 14.8%이상을 차지하고 있다. 영남권은 전체 486개교중 적정규모 학교는 234개교로 전체의 48.1%를 차지하고 있으며, 대규모 학교는 134개교롤 전체의 27.6%를 차지하고 있다. 전국 학교 규모를 분류해 보면, 적정규모 학교는 656개교로 전체의 49.0%를 차지하고 있고, 과대학교는 34.0%, 소규모학교는 17.0%를 차지하고 있다. 따라서, 적정규모 학교 육성뿐만 아니라 과대학교와 소규모 학교에 대한 종합적인 중장기 학생수용계획 수립이 절실한 상황이다. 이는 학교 신설뿐만 아니라 학교 통폐합, 이전, 통학구역 조정 등과 연동된 유기적인 학교재구조화 정책 수립이 되어야 할 것이다. 본 연구에서 적정학교 규모를 학업성취도측면이나 생활지도측면에 경제적 효율성측면을 모두 고려하여 301~750명으로 하였으나, 다소 논란의 소지가 있어, 이에 대한 향후 추가적인 연구를 통하여 보완하고자 한다.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국벤처창업학회 2017년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.42-42
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• 2017

There are lots of specialized graduate schools such as law school, medical school, business school. These specialized graduate schools has been designed to train the special experts practically from 1990s in Korea. For all that, there are no specialized graduate schools supported by the Small and Medium Business Administration(SMBA). So we will research the establishment plan of SME(Small and Medium Enterprise) specialized school for the development of SMEs. Recently, the SMBA supports the 2 types of graduate school such as the entrepreneurship graduate school and consulting graduate school. However, it is clear that these 2 types of schools are yet insufficient in terms of efficiency and redundancy. As the representative specialized graduate schools are law school and MOT(Management of Technology) in Korea, we do the comparative study with law school and MOT school. Through the comparative study, we can find some implication for SME specialized graduate school. As a result, the SME school has to need the training system such as the special master's and doctor's degree, over 3 year course work, daytime class, many practical professors, specialized programs with industry like the MOT school. In conclusion, we suggest that : First, the SME specialized graduate school has to be designed for potential SME consultants. Second, the entrepreneurship graduate school and the consulting graduate school can be integrated into the SME specialized school easily. Third, the SME specialized graduate school can have new educational models.