• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.153-158
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• 2020

The study aims to identify the factors affecting employee loyalty in the case of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Tra Vinh province, Viet Nam and to find out critical factors affecting the loyalty of employees in SMEs. This is implemented with the method of collecting primary data of 320 employees working at SMEs in 5 districts including: Cau Ngang, Tra Cu, Chau Thanh, Cang Long, Tieu Can) and Tra Vinh City, Viet Nam. Using the multivariate regression method, the researchers have found 6 factors affecting employee loyalty: colleagues, leaders, job characteristics, remuneration policies, organizational culture, and working environment. Particularly, learning opportunities may not be not statistically significant for employees' loyalty towards small and medium-sized enterprises in Tra Vinh province. From the above research results, the authors have proposed implicational piolicies such as: focusing on colleague relationships, improving leadership of business owners, attaching importance to appropriate work arrangement, having appropriate remuneration policies for laborers, building effective organizational culture and working environment to improve employee loyalty at SMEs. From the above policy implications, helping business owners realize the aspirations of workers in small and medium-sized enterprises more closely in the future, in order to sustainably develop the business system in Vietnam.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.686-693
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• 2011

Small-to-medium retailers in local neighborhood have been managing to survive without outside influence. However rapid change in business environment including consumer needs for goods and the quality of life has brought turbulence into retail business. Petty retailers are facing a crisis as large-sized discount stores owned by big enterprises are entering into traditional markets. To protect small-to-medium retailers from such threats and revive the traditional commercial markets the government is taking on the policy of subsidizing small-to-medium businesses. However, recent emergence of SSM (an industrialized supermarket in forms of direct management and affiliation) in local commercial areas has brought about conflicts and frictions between large companies and local merchants. Under this background this study attempted to make an analysis of vulnerable factors of small-to-medium retailers coping with SSM and probe for the alternatives to SSM business restructuring.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.3-21
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• 2008

This research investigates the strategy for application of E-Trade to SMEs to analyze the economic effect of e-trade. And the influence of the proliferation of e-business and e-trade upon the industrial business conditions, value-chain, and business activities is also analyzed. The subjects of the inquiry are the nationwide petrochemical industries in which small and medium sized companies are in mutual and intimate cooperation. The results show that the business structure of the petrochemical industries are divided into four stages, and, with the introduction of e-business, the value chain is changed by stages. And the change of value-chain explains the transition of the e-business of petrochemical industries including trade business into industrial DB and leads to a variety of the economic effect including the reduction in the trade expense, the change of the production process, and the innovation of trade structure.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.19-30
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• 2020

This paper investigates, in a single equation framework, the effect of bank-specific and macroeconomic determinants on micro-, small- and medium-sized loans by commercial banks in Indonesia. This study uses a sample of 790 observations from 79 commercial banks in Indonesia over the years 2006-2015. This study uses two estimation methods for our panel regressions: static and dynamic generalized method of moments (GMM) panel estimator. In static relationships, the literature usually uses the least square methods on fixed effects (FE) or random effects (RE). I found evidence that all banks, bank profitability and size are positively and significantly related to micro-, small- and medium-sized loans, while the coefficients of liquidity are significantly positive in all specifications, except government banks which is significantly negative. The relationship between risk and credit growth is negative for non-government banks. All estimated equations show that the effect of the capital variable on lending banks to MSMEs is not important in government banks and non-government banks. Finally, macroeconomic variables, such as inflation and gross domestic product, clearly affect the lending of the banking sector particularly non-state banks. The findings have several policy implications to Indonesia government, regulatory authority and bank managers in order to improve bank profitability through bank lending.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.311-332
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• 2010

This study investigate the effects of environmental and organizational characteristics on e-business competence and the influence of e-business competence on export performance in the small and medium sized firms. The development of the research model is based on the literature of e-business and the empirical studies of information technology competence. The data from the survey was analyzed using Partial Least Squares(PLS). The results from the empirical model suggest that e-business competence is affected by environmental uncertainty and market diversity as well as top management support and learning orientation. And, export performance is enhanced by e-business competence.

• The Journal of Small Business Innovation
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.37-52
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• 2016

Making efforts to break down the barriers between the intra-company departments as well as cooperating with external partners can become the driving force to create a successful innovation in the new product development (NPD) process. This study deals with how the key factors of collaborative innovation success are working in the process of NPD collaboration. Using case analysis of the NPD process, where a large retailer and small and medium-sized suppliers cooperate, we found that the small and medium-sized suppliers achieved greater 'short-term' performances in the collaboration than the large firm, although the long-term performance is not clear. Among the six antecedents of innovation success, relationship-specific investment played a critical role in motivating the supplier's participation in the NPD process. Adopting a 'closed' network in which the two suppliers interact directly with each other and create new knowledge for the NPD process played an important role in producing a quality product in a reduced development time. Unlike previous studies about the retailer-supplier cooperation for NPD in the food industry suggesting that position differences cause communication problems which is a major obstacle to the NPD success. This study suggests that large retailer's initiative role is a critical success factor in the NPD by the cooperation between small and medium-sized suppliers and large retailers.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.41-47
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• 2012

To adapt to a rapidly changing business environment, introduction of new management techniques and innovative activities are crucial. In the case of small and medium companies, the compensation for scarce management resources and sustainable development can be obtained from advantage of management consulting. In this study, we propose the enterprise process evaluation model for small and medium business consulting, which can deploy the process improvement activities with considering the process maturity level within an organization. The process evaluation area of proposed Small and Medium Business, Staged Maturity Model (SMB-SMM) consists of four following parts: supply management, demand management, business management, and research and development (R&D) management. For each area, we set goals and also define the practices to achieve their goals respectively. By applying the SMB-SMM model to the small and medium sized companies, the process maturity level can be defined. And then to overcome the gap between the goals and evaluation results, the customized management consulting activities can be drawn from the predefined consulting approaches from the SMB-SMM.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.49-57
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• 2018

Purpose - to examine the theories related to the internationalization of multinational corporations as well as theories related to internationalization of small and medium-sized enterprises. Research design, data, and methodology - traditional theories, e.g. eclectic paradigm and behavioral theory and product life cycle etc. were examined and recent advances theories - network theory, entrepreneurship - were also examined to outline the theory of internationalization of firm. Results - the main schools of international researches are divided into two; one is the economics school, the other is the behavioral school. The economics school has considered internationalization as a pattern of investment in foreign markets explained by rational economic analysis of internalization, ownership, and location advantages. Apart from the economics approach, a theory relevant to smaller firms highlights slow and incremental overseas market commitment. Recent research on the network perspective is fast emerging and it can be applied and well explained on the internationalization of smaller firms, focusing on firm behavior in the context of a network of interorganizational and inter-personal relationships Conclusions - Small medium-sized enterprises have been recently rising, however, there has still been little consolidation of literature in internationalization and most of the relevant theories have been still focusing on explaining the globalization of multinational corporations. Little studied on the internationalization in the context of smaller firms which are distinctly differentiated from larger firms including international new ventures, which the motivation to study strongly calls for more information and studied on small medium-sized enterprises.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.161-170
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• 2021

The study aims to investigate the mediating effect of strategic planning on the relationship between managerial skills and the performance of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Punjab, Pakistan. Stratified proportionate probability sample method was used to select the 265 SMEs. The study applied a structural equation model (SEM) to analyze the proposed research hypotheses by using PLS-SEM. This research examines the direct and indirect effects of strategic planning on the performance of SMEs using the SEM test. The results indicate the positive effect of managerial skills on SMEs' performance and also suggested that strategic planning mediates the relationship between managerial skills and SMEs' performance. In addition, the role of managerial skills on the usage of the company's resources is highly influential through strategic planning. Strategic planning has been found to impact significantly and positively on the relationship between managerial skills and performance of SMEs in Punjab, Pakistan. The findings suggested that, in devising appropriate strategies for SMEs, the effect of managerial skills on the utilization of the firm's resources can be more effective to the firm's performance. In short, the utilization of a firm's resources through a proper planning is more essential for the sustainability of SMEs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.734-737
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• 2014

With the advent of smart age, the concern on smart work has gradually increased in the situation that creative innovation capability has become one of the important elements in business competitiveness. Most domestic small and medium-sized businesses have partly introduced smart work system due to the lack of its recognition and understanding about a specific method to implement. Under the environment, it is essential to make standardization strategy and do systematic implementation for core technology which leads global market in order to secure the dominant position in smart work related technologies. Therefore, this paper suggests standardization items which lead global standard and implementation direction on standardization through analysing the current situation introducing smart work in small and medium-sized business and technology/standardization trends.